Abstract:
A method of forming an upper electrode in an organic electroluminescent element is provided. A first film made of a material for the upper electrode is formed on an organic functional layer by magnetron sputtering under a first condition. Thereafter, a second film made of the material for the upper electrode is formed on the first film by magnetron sputtering under a second condition different from the first condition. The second film has a lower film stress than the first film.
Abstract:
A vapor deposition apparatus including: a chamber that holds an object on which a film is to be deposited through vapor deposition; a vapor deposition source that is disposed inside the chamber, the vapor deposition source having a housing that accommodates therein a vapor deposition material for the vapor deposition; and a heater that heats the vapor deposition material. The housing has a plurality of eject outlets and an air outlet that is openable and closable, the plurality of eject outlets connecting the inside of the housing with the outside of the housing and ejecting vapor of the vapor deposition material towards the object.