公开(公告)号：US20050190359A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-01

申请号：US11065098

申请日：2005-02-25

申请人： James Bacque ,  Ping Wan ,  Derrick Remedios ,  Eddie Ng

发明人： James Bacque ,  Ping Wan ,  Derrick Remedios ,  Eddie Ng

IPC分类号： G01M11/00 ,  G01N21/00 ,  H04B10/08

CPC分类号： H04B10/077 ,  H04B10/07955

摘要： A multi-stage method and apparatus for determining a faulty component location along an optical path through an optical fiber in an optical network are disclosed. The optical fiber carries a plurality of wavelengths, which may or may not be modulated by low frequency dither tones that are utilized for identification purposes and performance monitoring in the optical network. First, the method comprises measuring a total power of the optical fiber and a total wavelength power as a sum of powers of the individual wavelengths at a plurality of local detection points; comparing the measured powers at the local detection points; and determining whether or not a faulty detection point exists along the optical path. If a fault is identified, the method further provides a multi-stage fault detection procedure, which comprises measuring a total wavelength power loss between a local detection point and an adjacent detection point, between the local detection point and multiple non-adjacent detection points. A correlation of the measured total wavelength power losses between the various detection points is used for determining the faulty component location along the optical path. The apparatus, which incorporates the above multi-stage method for determining the faulty component location in the optical network, is also provided.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过光网络中的光纤确定沿着光路的故障部件位置的多级方法和装置。 光纤承载多个波长，其可以或可以不被用于光网络中的识别目的和性能监视的低频抖动音调制。 首先，该方法包括测量光纤的总功率和总波长功率，作为多个局部检测点处各个波长的功率之和; 比较局部检测点的测量功率; 以及确定沿光路是否存在故障检测点。 如果识别故障，则该方法进一步提供多级故障检测程序，其包括测量本地检测点与相邻检测点之间，本地检测点与多个非相邻检测点之间的总波长功率损耗。 使用各个检测点之间测量的总波长功率损耗的相关性来确定沿光路的故障分量位置。 还提供了包括用于确定光网络中的故障部件位置的上述多级方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20060023737A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-02

申请号：US11178330

申请日：2005-07-12

申请人： Eddie Ng ,  Jason De Rocher ,  Derrick Remedios ,  James Bacque ,  Ping Wan

发明人： Eddie Ng ,  Jason De Rocher ,  Derrick Remedios ,  James Bacque ,  Ping Wan

IPC分类号： H04L12/43

CPC分类号： H04B10/075 ,  H04B10/0775 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0241 ,  H04J14/0283

摘要： This invention provides a method for commissioning an optical network using internal Automatic Spontaneous Emission (ASE) light inherently present in the optical network as a light source (the ASE light source) for measuring losses inside and between nodes in the network. A modular segmented approach is adopted and the network is commissioned segment by segment. The method uses techniques for the correction of the Optical Signal to Noise Ratio induced error as well as the Spectral Filtering Error during the loss computation required for adjusting the gains of the amplifiers at each network node to an appropriate value. Since the method does not require an external laser source that needs to be moved manually from node to node, it greatly reduces the commissioning time. Since it uses only the existing components of the network nodes it also leads to a significant saving in cost.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种使用光网络中固有存在的内部自发自发发射（ASE）光作为用于测量网络内部和节点之间的损耗的光源（ASE光源）来调试光网络的方法。 采用模块化分段方式，逐段调试网络。 该方法使用用于校正光信噪比诱导误差的技术以及在将每个网络节点处的放大器的增益调整到适当值所需的损耗计算期间的光谱滤波误差。 由于该方法不需要需要从节点手动移动的外部激光源，因此大大减少了调试时间。 由于它仅使用网络节点的现有组件，因此也可大大节省成本。

公开(公告)号：US20060291870A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-28

申请号：US11511248

申请日：2006-08-29

申请人： Ping Wan ,  Derrick Remedios ,  Patrick Chimfwembe

发明人： Ping Wan ,  Derrick Remedios ,  Patrick Chimfwembe

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/50572 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0241 ,  H04J14/0278 ,  H04J14/0298

摘要： Signals in an optical communications network, such as optical channels in an optical WDM network for example, are each identified by at least two low frequency dither tones with which the signal is modulated. The dither tones alternate with a predetermined periodicity to produce a cyclically repeated sequence of dither tones. A network parameter, such as a channel identifier for example, is obtained by the detection of the particular combination of dither tones in the sequence. To detect a number of network parameters a signal is modulated with a number of cyclically repeated sequences of dither tones each uniquely identifying a respective network parameter. In some implementations each dither tone in a cyclically repeated sequence of dither tones is repeated with substantially the same phase and coherent averaging is performed over a number of periods to detect dither tones on low power signals.

公开(公告)号：US06732058B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-04

申请号：US10134382

申请日：2002-04-30

申请人： Dongxing Jin ,  Ping Wan ,  Derrick Remedios ,  Leonard Marziliano

发明人： Dongxing Jin ,  Ping Wan ,  Derrick Remedios ,  Leonard Marziliano

IPC分类号： G06F1900

CPC分类号： G06F17/142 ,  G06F17/141 ,  G06F17/147

摘要： Various methods and apparatuses are provided for performing a radix-M FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) upon N time domain samples to produce N/S frequency domain samples for detecting tones of dithers impressed on channels of a WDM (wavelength Division Multiplexed) optical signal. Successive tones have a tone frequency spacing, &Dgr;fta, and a sampling frequency, fs, is chosen so that fs=N&Dgr;fta/S. S is a spacing given by S=Mw with w being an integer. The radix-M FFT is performed in k=logm(N) stages and within the stages a reduced number of radix-M computations, when compared to the number of radix-M computations of a conventional radix-M FFT, are performed on data points associated with the N time domain samples. This is possible because successive frequency domain samples of the N/S frequency domain samples differ by &Dgr;fta=S&Dgr;f where &Dgr;f is a frequency bandwidth.

摘要翻译： 提供了各种方法和装置，用于在N个时域样本上执行基数M FFT（快速傅立叶变换），以产生N / S频域样本，用于检测印在WDM（波分复用）​​光信号的信道上的抖动的音调。 连续色调具有音频间隔Deltafta，并且选择采样频率fs，使得fs = NDeltafta / S。 S是由S = M 给出的间隔，其中w是整数。 在k = logm（N）个阶段中执行基数M FFT，并且在与数据的基数-M计算的数量相比较时，减少数量的基数M计算的阶段执行数据 与N个时域样本相关联的点。 这是可能的，因为N / S频域样本的连续频域样本随Deltafta = SDeltaf而不同，其中Deltaf是频带宽度。

公开(公告)号：US06574016B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09199327

申请日：1998-11-25

申请人： James St. Leger Harley ,  Ping Wan ,  Paul Alan Bruce

发明人： James St. Leger Harley ,  Ping Wan ,  Paul Alan Bruce

IPC分类号： H04T1402

CPC分类号： H04J14/0298 ,  H04J14/0258 ,  H04J14/0273 ,  H04J14/0276

摘要： This invention provides method and apparatus for ancillary data in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) system. According to the invention, a low bit rate channel is provided over a amplitude modulated sub-carrier that is in turn used to amplitude intensity modulate an optical data signal that is output from a transmitter in the network. Data carried by the low bit rate channel can by used by another network element (NE) to determine the identity of the channel source, thereby allowing the NE to verify its connectivity to that source via the network. This invention is particularly useful in metropolitan optical networks (MON) where inexpensive methods of determining network connectivity are required.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种波分复用（WDM）系统中辅助数据的方法和装置。 根据本发明，一个低比特率信道被提供在一个幅度调制子载波上，该调制子载波又被用来调制从网络中的发射机输出的光数据信号的幅度强度。 低比特率信道携带的数据可以由另一个网元（NE）使用，以确定信道源的身份，从而允许网络通过网络验证其与该源的连接。 本发明在需要廉价的确定网络连接的方法的城市光网络（MON）中特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US20150230958A1

公开(公告)日：2015-08-20

申请号：US14422890

申请日：2013-08-18

申请人： Ping Wan

发明人： Ping Wan

IPC分类号： A61F5/00

CPC分类号： A61F5/0076 ,  A61F2/04 ,  A61F5/0013 ,  A61F2002/045 ,  A61F2230/0067 ,  A61F2240/001 ,  A61F2250/0039

摘要： An internal covering membrane of duodenum can be made from biocompatible materials via electrospinning technology is described herein. After the internal covering membrane of duodenum is implanted into the duodenum, it can not only prevent food from contacting with the intestinal mucosa in anatomy, but also make no affect on the functions of intestinal mucosa cells in physiology. The internal covering membrane can be made by blending electrospinning or/and multilayer electrospinning or/and core-shell electrospinning or/and dry electrospinning, and can be used to manufacture medical devices for treating diabetes and obesity, with functions of reducing damage, preventing falling-off, avoiding removal and inhibiting bounce.

摘要翻译： 本文描述了通过静电纺丝技术由生物相容性材料制成的十二指肠内覆盖膜。 十二指肠内膜被植入十二指肠后，不仅可以防止食物在解剖学中与肠粘膜接触，而且对生理学中肠粘膜细胞的功能也没有影响。 内膜可以通过电纺丝或/和多层静电纺丝或/和芯壳静电纺丝或/和干静电纺丝混合制成，可用于制造治疗糖尿病和肥胖症的医疗装置，具有减少损伤，防止下降的功能 避免去除和抑制反弹。

公开(公告)号：US06963892B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-08

申请号：US10025870

申请日：2001-12-26

申请人： Dongxing Jin ,  Ping Wan ,  Leonard Marziliano

发明人： Dongxing Jin ,  Ping Wan ,  Leonard Marziliano

IPC分类号： G06F17/14 ,  F06F15/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/142

摘要： A method and apparatus for performing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) computation on large data sizes in real time is provided. The speed at which a FFT is performed is increased by reducing the number of times a Direct Memory Access (DMA) unit must transfer data between an internal memory and an external memory. This is achieved through an algorithm in which data is imported from the external memory into the internal memory and having the CPU perform several calculations on the imported data before it is exported back to the external memory. The imported data in the internal memory has a structure that results in a reduction of the number of times the imported data is swapped between different layers of the internal memory during the FFT computation. Furthermore, the DMA unit import/exports data between the internal memory and the external memory while at the same time having the CPU perform calculations on other data in the internal memory.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于对大数据量实时执行快速傅立叶变换（FFT）计算的方法和装置。 通过减少直接存储器访问（DMA）单元必须在内部存储器和外部存储器之间传送数据的次数来增加执行FFT的速度。 这是通过将数据从外部存储器导入内部存储器并使CPU在导出到外部存储器之前对导入的数据执行多个计算的算法来实现的。 内部存储器中导入的数据具有导致FFT计算期间导入的数据在内部存储器的不同层之间交换次数的结构。 此外，DMA单元在内部存储器和外部存储器之间导入/导出数据，同时使CPU对内部存储器中的其他数据执行计算。

公开(公告)号：US20050047798A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-03

申请号：US10954052

申请日：2004-09-30

申请人： Ping Wan

发明人： Ping Wan

IPC分类号： H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/12 ,  H04B10/155

CPC分类号： H04L27/2096 ,  H04B10/5161 ,  H04B10/541 ,  H04B10/5561 ,  H04L27/22

摘要： A method and apparatus for encoding optical power and non-payload data in an optical signal is described. The method involves producing a dither modulating signal having an amplitude of indicative of the optical power in the optical signal and having a phase representing the non-payload data, and modulating the optical signal with the dither modulating signal. The apparatus involves a waveform generator for producing an amplitude adjusted waveform having an amplitude responsive to the optical power of the optical signal and a binary phase shift keying modulator for binary phase shift keying the amplitude adjusted waveform in response to the non-payload data to produce a dither modulating signal having an amplitude indicative of the optical power in the optical signal and having a phase representing the non-payload data.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于对光信号中的光功率和非有效载荷数据进行编码的方法和装置。 该方法包括产生具有指示光信号中光功率的幅度的抖动调制信号，并且具有表示非有效载荷数据的相位，以及用抖动调制信号调制光信号。 该装置包括用于产生具有响应于光信号的光功率的幅度的幅度调整波形的波形发生器和用于二进制相移的二进制相移键控调制器，用于响应于非有效载荷数据键入振幅调整波形以产生 抖动调制信号具有指示光信号中的光功率的幅度，并且具有表示非有效载荷数据的相位。

公开(公告)号：US09918862B2

公开(公告)日：2018-03-20

申请号：US14781479

申请日：2014-03-28

申请人： Ping Wan

发明人： Ping Wan

IPC分类号： A61F5/00 ,  A61F2/04

CPC分类号： A61F5/0076 ,  A61F2/04 ,  A61F2002/045 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61F2220/0016

摘要： A duodenum internal covering membrane is disclosed. The covering membrane is made of a biocompatible material and mainly comprises an elastic ampulla and a tubular part, wherein the ampulla is positioned in the duodenal bulb, the tubular part can extend to the jejunum, the ampulla contains a wavy or V-shaped or trapezoidal or city wall-shaped elastic ring which is continuously encircled, the elastic ring is made of a memory or non-memory biocompatible material, peaks, valleys and bent angles of the elastic ring are single-circle coil springs with outward anchor hooks, the single-circle coil springs on the lower edge are penetrated and wound with recovery threads, the upper edge of the ampulla is a wavy or V-shaped or trapezoidal or city wall-shaped elastic membrane, the elastic ring and the ampulla comply with the motion of the duodenum and the bulb as a whole, and the ampulla and the tubular part can be closed up or folded into the shape of a ball or cylinder or capsule or spindle. The single-circle coil springs have strong elasticity, weak sharp injuries and good fixation for the recovery threads attached thereon, thereby being conductive to anatomical structure and basic physiological functions of the duodenum. The covering membrane within the duodenum of the present invention can be prepared into a medical device for preventing and treating obesity and diabetes.

公开(公告)号：US20150018967A1

公开(公告)日：2015-01-15

申请号：US14379735

申请日：2013-04-27

申请人： Ping WAN

发明人： Ping Wan

IPC分类号： A61F5/00 ,  A61F2/04

CPC分类号： A61F5/0076 ,  A61B2017/00818 ,  A61F2/04 ,  A61F2002/045 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61F2210/0014 ,  A61F2210/0057 ,  A61L31/14 ,  A61L31/148 ,  A61L2400/16

摘要： This invention provides a duodenum endothelium membrane made of degradable shape-memory biocompatible materials. The endothelium membrane planted in the duodenum can divide chyme and bile-pancreatic juice, avoiding direct digestion, absorption, and metabolism of gastric effluent in the duodenum. After being implanted, the endothelium membrane is stable and difficult to slip and incarcerate, and is gradually degraded through two months to five years, avoiding complicated operation and organ tissue injury when removing later, and slowing down the “rebound” effect after complete demolition of the original barrier in an instant. The endothelium membrane is prepared into the medical device free of removing and treating obesity and diabetes. The endothelium membrane can avoid the deflation of the tubular portion induced by gastrointestinal peristalsis and gap increase between the endothelium membrane of the tubular portion and inner wall of the duodenum further to avoid regurgitation of jejunum contents.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供由可降解形状记忆生物相容性材料制成的十二指肠内皮膜。 种植在十二指肠的内皮膜可以分割糜液和胆汁 - 胰液，避免十二指肠胃液流出物的直接消化，吸收和代谢。 植入后，内皮膜稳定，难以滑脱和闭塞，两个月至五年逐渐退化，避免术后复杂手术和器官组织损伤，并在完全拆除后减缓“反弹”效应 原来的屏障在瞬间。 将内皮膜制备成不含去除和治疗肥胖症和糖尿病的医疗装置。 内皮膜可以避免胃肠蠕动引起的管状部分的放气，管状部分的内皮膜与十二指肠内壁间隙增加，进一步避免空肠内容物的反流。