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公开(公告)号：US4841834A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US107185
申请日：1987-10-13
申请人： James M. Gruden
发明人： James M. Gruden
CPC分类号： F41B6/006 , H01H33/002
摘要： A very low inductance, very low resistance, command operated repetitive high current opening switch is described which uses a Lorentz force to move a conductive liquid between a conducting region and an insulated region between two electrodes. In a specific embodiment, a cylindrical outer electrode coaxially surrounds in a spaced relationship a generally cylindrical inner electrode. The annular space between the inner and outer electrodes is divided into first and second sections along the length of the electrodes. Intermeshing continuous spiral fins are defined on the facing surfaces of the inner and outer electrodes along the first section of the length of the opening switch. Insulation covers the surfaces of the inner and outer electrodes surrounding the second section. An electrically conductive liquid is sealed inside the first and second annular sections in an amount sufficient to substantially fill only one of the annular sections, so that electric current can flow between the outer electrode and the inner electrode through the liquid whenever any of the liquid is inside the first annular section, but the insulation prevents the flow of electric current flow between the outer electrode and the inner electrode when all of the liquid is inside the second annular section. A pulsed magnetic field created by a coil surrounding the first annular section outside the outer electrode produces a tangental Lorentz force which corkscrews the conductive fluid from one annular section to another.
摘要翻译： 描述了非常低的电感，非常低的电阻，命令操作的重复的大电流开启开关，其使用洛伦兹力将导电液体在两个电极之间的导电区域和绝缘区域之间移动。 在一个具体实施例中，圆柱形外电极以大致圆柱形的内电极间隔开地同轴地包围。 内电极和外电极之间的环形空间沿着电极的长度分成第一和第二部分。 沿着开关开关的长度的第一部分在内电极和外电极的相对表面上限定相互啮合的连续螺旋翅片。 绝缘覆盖围绕第二部分的内部和外部电极的表面。 导电液体被密封在第一和第二环形部分的内部，其量足以基本上仅填充一个环形部分，使得每当液体是任何液体时，电流可以通过液体通过液体流过外部电极和内部电极之间 在第一环形部分内部，但是当所有液体都位于第二环形部分内部时，绝缘体可防止外部电极和内部电极之间的电流流动。 由围绕外部电极外部的第一环形部分的线圈产生的脉冲磁场产生切向的洛伦兹力，其将导电流体从一个环形部分开启到另一个。
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公开(公告)号：US08659376B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-25
申请号：US13352513
申请日：2012-01-18
申请人： James M. Gruden
发明人： James M. Gruden
IPC分类号： H01F7/00
CPC分类号： H01F7/122 , H01F7/127 , H01F7/1615 , H01F2007/1669 , Y10T29/49075 , Y10T29/49105
摘要： A magnetic latching solenoid comprises a housing, a moveable magnetically permeable member, a stationary magnetic assembly, a counter flux generator; and, a spring. A substantially equal extent of the moveable magnetically permeable member and stationary magnetic assembly along results in an air gap interface being essentially mid-way between the opposite axial extremities of the moveable magnetically permeable member and stationary magnetic assembly, thereby enhancing an attracting force of a permanent magnet that comprises the stationary magnetic assembly. In an example embodiment, the stationary magnetic assembly comprises a pole member which is adjustably positionable to minimize air gaps.
摘要翻译： 磁性闭锁螺线管包括壳体，可移动的导磁构件，固定磁性组件，反向通量发生器; 和一个春天。 可移动导磁构件和固定磁性组件的基本相等的程度导致气隙界面基本上在可移动的导磁构件的相对的轴向末端和固定的磁性组件之间的中间，从而增强了永久的可吸收的导磁构件的吸引力 包括固定磁性组件的磁体。 在示例性实施例中，固定磁性组件包括可调节地定位以使气隙最小化的极构件。
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公开(公告)号：US06705140B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-16
申请号：US09522158
申请日：2000-03-09
IPC分类号： E05B4700
CPC分类号： E05B83/36 , E05B63/0056 , E05B81/06 , E05B81/08 , E05B81/16 , E05B81/90 , Y10S292/27 , Y10T70/5805 , Y10T70/7062 , Y10T70/7107 , Y10T292/1047 , Y10T292/1082
摘要： A latch assembly having at least one control element having one path of motion in which a ratchet is moved to an unlatched position and another path of motion in which the ratchet is not so moved, the path of motion taken by the control element dependent upon whether an engagement element is engaged with the control element or disengaged therefrom. Preferably, the control element moves the ratchet by contact with a pawl which itself can be engaged with the ratchet. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two or more unlatching inputs are capable of unlatching the latch assembly. However, two or more of these inputs are in series rather than in parallel so that the number of paths ending at the element or device holding the latch in its latched state is preferably fewer than the number of unlatching inputs to the latch assembly. A preferred embodiment of the present invention also employs a mechanical actuation assembly that can transmit actuation force from a control element to an engagement element in order to change the engaged state of the engagement element (and thereby to place the control element or another control element in a locked or unlocked state). The present invention also provides a fast-acting two stage actuator employing magnetic force to quickly and directly or indirectly hold an element to be controlled until an armature of the actuator can be engaged therewith.
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公开(公告)号：US5862903A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US349087
申请日：1994-12-02
CPC分类号： E05B81/25 , F16D27/01 , F16D43/16 , Y10S292/23 , Y10T292/1021 , Y10T70/7057
摘要： A centrifugal clutch for use with a power door lock actuator. The centrifugal clutch includes an independently rotatable pinion cup having an integral pinion gear which meshes with a jack screw, and a driver rotatably secured to an output shaft of a drive motor. The driver has at least one radially outwardly opening recess formed therein with at least one slider slidably retained within the recess. The slider is biased in a radially inward direction by magnetic lines of force which are provided by a permanent magnet mounted within the driver. Alternatively, a number of sliders can be formed of magnetic material such that the magnetic sliders are mutually attracted to one another in a radially inward direction. A centrifugal force is generated when the driver is rotated. The centrifugal force overcomes the magnetic attractive force to throw the sliders radially outwardly into positive driving engagement with the pinion cup. When the driver is no longer rotatably driven, the centrifugal force is eliminated and the magnetic attractive force then urges the sliders radially inwardly to break the positive driving engagement with the pinion cup.
摘要翻译： 一种用于电动门锁致动器的离心式离合器。 离心式离合器包括具有与千斤顶螺钉啮合的整体式小齿轮的可独立旋转的小齿轮杯和可旋转地固定在驱动马达的输出轴上的驱动器。 驱动器具有形成在其中的至少一个径向向外的开口凹部，其中至少一个滑块可滑动地保持在凹部内。 滑块通过由安装在驱动器内的永磁体提供的磁力线沿径向向内的方向偏置。 或者，多个滑块可以由磁性材料形成，使得磁性滑块在径向向内的方向上彼此相互吸引。 当驾驶员旋转时产生离心力。 离心力克服了磁力吸引力，将滑块径向向外推入与小齿轮杯的正驱动接合。 当驾驶员不再可旋转地驱动时，离心力被消除，并且磁性吸引力然后将滑块径向向内推动以破坏与小齿轮杯的正向驱动接合。
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公开(公告)号：US5847474A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US349435
申请日：1994-12-05
申请人： James M. Gruden , Ned L. Kikly
发明人： James M. Gruden , Ned L. Kikly
IPC分类号： H02K41/035 , H02K41/00
CPC分类号： H02K41/0356
摘要： A linear actuator powered by a Lorentz force. The force is generated by passing an electrical current through an armature spanning a space across a magnetic field established between two permanent magnets. The armature is mounted upon a slider extending between a pair of electrically conductive rails. Reversible linear motion is achieved by switching the polarity of an electrical potential applied across the two rails.
摘要翻译： 由洛伦兹力驱动的线性致动器。 通过使电流通过贯穿在两个永磁体之间建立的磁场上的空间的电枢而产生该力。 衔铁安装在一对导电轨之间延伸的滑块上。 通过切换施加在两个导轨上的电位的极性来实现可逆的线性运动。
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公开(公告)号：US08106734B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-31
申请号：US12109476
申请日：2008-04-25
申请人： James M. Gruden
发明人： James M. Gruden
CPC分类号： H01F7/122 , H01F7/127 , H01F7/1615 , H01F2007/1669 , Y10T29/49075 , Y10T29/49105
摘要： A magnetic latching solenoid comprises a housing, a moveable magnetically permeable member, a stationary magnetic assembly, a counter flux generator; and, a spring. A substantially equal extent of the moveable magnetically permeable member and stationary magnetic assembly along results in an air gap interface being essentially mid-way between the opposite axial extremities of the moveable magnetically permeable member and stationary magnetic assembly, thereby enhancing an attracting force of a permanent magnet that comprises the stationary magnetic assembly. In an example embodiment, the stationary magnetic assembly comprises a pole member which is adjustably positionable to minimize air gaps.
摘要翻译： 磁性闭锁螺线管包括壳体，可移动的导磁构件，固定磁性组件，反向通量发生器; 和一个春天。 可移动导磁构件和固定磁性组件的基本相等的程度导致气隙界面基本上在可移动的导磁构件的相对的轴向末端和固定的磁性组件之间的中间，从而增强了永久的可吸收的导磁构件的吸引力 包括固定磁性组件的磁体。 在示例性实施例中，固定磁性组件包括可调节地定位以使气隙最小化的极构件。
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公开(公告)号：US06676564B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-13
申请号：US10052615
申请日：2002-01-18
申请人： James M. Gruden
发明人： James M. Gruden
IPC分类号： B60K4120
CPC分类号： B60R25/066 , B60R25/02144 , F16H59/54 , F16H61/22 , F16H2059/746 , Y10T477/649 , Y10T477/873
摘要： A brake-shift interlock unit includes a pair of coils which are disposed in a coaxial relationship. A plunger is movable in a passage which extends through the coils. Upon actuation of a vehicle ignition switch, while a brake switch remains in an unactuated condition, a plunger pull coil is energized to move the plunger from the extended position to the partially retracted position. At this time, the plunger engages a stop member. Upon actuation of the vehicle brake, a stopper hold coil is de-energized to enable a shift lever to move.
摘要翻译： 制动换档联锁单元包括以同轴关系设置的一对线圈。 柱塞可在通过线圈延伸的通道中移动。 在致动车辆点火开关时，当制动开关保持在未致动状态时，柱塞拉线圈被通电以将柱塞从延伸位置移动到部分缩回位置。 此时，柱塞接合止动构件。 在致动车辆制动器时，止动器保持线圈被断电以使变速杆能够移动。
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公开(公告)号：US20090072636A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-19
申请号：US12109476
申请日：2008-04-25
申请人： James M. Gruden
发明人： James M. Gruden
IPC分类号： H02K41/035 , H01F7/122
CPC分类号： H01F7/122 , H01F7/127 , H01F7/1615 , H01F2007/1669 , Y10T29/49075 , Y10T29/49105
摘要： A magnetic latching solenoid comprises a housing, a moveable magnetically permeable member, a stationary magnetic assembly, a counter flux generator; and, a spring. A substantially equal extent of the moveable magnetically permeable member and stationary magnetic assembly along results in an air gap interface being essentially mid-way between the opposite axial extremities of the moveable magnetically permeable member and stationary magnetic assembly, thereby enhancing an attracting force of a permanent magnet that comprises the stationary magnetic assembly. In an example embodiment, the stationary magnetic assembly comprises a pole member which is adjustably positionable to minimize air gaps.
摘要翻译： 磁性闭锁螺线管包括壳体，可移动的导磁构件，固定磁性组件，反向通量发生器; 和一个春天。 可移动导磁构件和固定磁性组件的基本相等的程度导致气隙界面基本上在可移动的导磁构件的相对的轴向末端和固定的磁性组件之间的中间，从而增强了永久的可吸收的导磁构件的吸引力 包括固定磁性组件的磁体。 在示例性实施例中，固定磁性组件包括可调节地定位以使气隙最小化的极构件。
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公开(公告)号：US5441317A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-15
申请号：US76725
申请日：1993-06-14
申请人： James M. Gruden , Ned L. Kikly
发明人： James M. Gruden , Ned L. Kikly
CPC分类号： E05B81/25 , B60R25/00 , Y10T292/1021 , Y10T292/1082 , Y10T292/57 , Y10T70/65 , Y10T70/7062
摘要： A superlock assembly includes a motor having a pinion mounted on its output shaft and meshed to an output gear. A blocking arm is secured to the output gear. To engage the superlock assembly when the arm of the locking actuator is extended, the motor is powered to move the blocking arm into the path of the retractable arm. In this position, the arm cannot be retracted either through manual force or electric operation of the actuator, thereby preventing a door latch from being unlocked.
摘要翻译： 超大组件包括具有安装在其输出轴上并啮合到输出齿轮的小齿轮的马达。 阻塞臂固定在输出齿轮上。 当锁定致动器的臂伸展时，为了接合超锁定组件，电动机被动力以将阻挡臂移动到可伸缩臂的路径中。 在这个位置上，臂不能通过手动力或致动器的电动操作而缩回，从而防止门锁被解锁。
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公开(公告)号：US4738181A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-19
申请号：US861899
申请日：1986-05-12
申请人： James M. Gruden
发明人： James M. Gruden
CPC分类号： F41B6/006
摘要： A very low inductance, high current, repetitive opening switch for railguns. A specific embodiment has a circular rotor positioned behind the rails with its rotational axis coaxial with the railgun projectile path defined by the rails. The face of the rotor facing the rails has at least one conducting and at least one insulating region, each symmetric about a diameter of the rotor. A pair of current collectors, or brushes, are positioned against the rotor face so that the rotor, when rotating, will alternately conduct and insulate current between the current collectors as conducting or insulating rotor regions sweep past the brushes, thereby communicating current between the switch and the rails. A specific embodiment of the invention has the conducting region the shape of a diametric strip, or shorting bar, and each current collector substantially the shape of an annular segment. The current collectors are made as a plurality of conductive fingers. Stainless steel edges along the shorting bar increase the rate of rise of resistance as the switch commutates current to the rails. The rotor may be driven by a hollow shaft to allow breech loading of the projectiles through the rotor. Another embodiment forms the shorting bar as an undulating channel to allow maximum current while the switch is closed, but increasing the rate of rise of resistance as the switch begins to open.
摘要翻译： 用于轨道枪的电感非常低，电流大，重复的开关开关。 具体实施例具有定位在轨道后面的圆形转子，其旋转轴线与轨道限定的轨道枪弹射轨道同轴。 面向轨道的转子的表面具有至少一个导电和至少一个绝缘区域，每个绝缘区域围绕转子的直径对称。 一对集电器或电刷抵靠转子面定位，使得当旋转时转子将交替地导电和绝缘集流器之间的电流，因为导通或绝缘转子区域扫过电刷，从而在开关之间通电 和轨道。 本发明的具体实施例具有导电区域，即直径条或短路棒的形状，并且每个集电器基本上为环形部分的形状。 电流收集器被制成多个导电指状物。 沿着短路棒的不锈钢边缘随着开关将电流转换到轨道而增加电阻上升率。 转子可以由空心轴驱动，以允许射弹通过转子进行后膛加载。 另一个实施例形成了作为起伏通道的短路杆，以在开关闭合时允许最大电流，但是当开关开启时增加电阻上升率。
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