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公开(公告)号：US5870447A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US774669
申请日：1996-12-30
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Hans Ludewig , Michael Todosow
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Hans Ludewig , Michael Todosow
CPC分类号： G21G1/10 , A61N2005/109
摘要： A particle accelerator (12) generates an input particle beam having an initial energy level above a threshold for generating secondary nuclear particles. A thin target (14) is rotated in the path of the input beam for undergoing nuclear reactions to generate the secondary particles and correspondingly decrease energy of the input beam to about the threshold. The target (14) produces low energy secondary particles and is effectively cooled by radiation and conduction. A neutron scatterer (44) and a neutron filter (42) are also used for preferentially degrading the secondary particles into a lower energy range if desired.
摘要翻译： 粒子加速器（12）产生具有高于阈值的初始能级的输入粒子束，用于产生二次核粒子。 薄靶（14）在用于进行核反应的输入光束的路径中旋转以产生二次粒子并相应地将输入光束的能量降低到大约阈值。 目标（14）产生低能二次粒子，并被辐射和传导有效地冷却。 如果需要，中子散射体（44）和中子过滤器（42）也用于优先将次级粒子降解成较低的能量范围。
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公开(公告)号：US06485404B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-26
申请号：US10063260
申请日：2002-04-04
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B09B300
摘要： A process of making vitrified waste in a crucible and inserting the crucible and vitrified waste into an outer container after vitrification. The outer container is then sealed.
摘要翻译： 在坩埚中制造玻璃化废物并将坩埚和玻璃化废物在玻璃化之后插入外部容器的过程。 然后将外容器密封。
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公开(公告)号：US07368091B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-06
申请号：US10250097
申请日：2003-06-03
IPC分类号： B32B9/04
CPC分类号： G21F5/005 , G21Y2002/301 , G21Y2002/304 , G21Y2002/60 , G21Y2004/30 , Y10S588/90
摘要： A package and process of using the package for disposal of radioactive cesium and strontium waste capsules. The package comprises a standard Hanford vitrified high-level waste canister as an outer container, which is approximately filled with three components: the first is a monolithic material with a defined cavity having a composite density less than about 3.5 grams per cubic centimeter and a melting temperature above that expected within the disposal package; the second is a frame for limiting relative movement of the capsules; and, the third are components forming an uninterrupted physical contact, thermal conduction pathway from the waste container to the outside of the package. The package includes lids for closing the disposal package. In the method of the invention, the capsules are loaded into position within the monolithic material, encased in thermally conducting material, and then lids are added to close the package.
摘要翻译： 使用包装处理放射性铯和锶废胶囊的包装和工艺。 该包装包括标准的Hanford玻璃化高级废物罐作为外部容器，其大致填充有三个部件：第一个是具有限定的空腔的整体材料，其复合密度小于约3.5克/立方厘米，熔化 温度高于预期的处置包装; 第二个是用于限制胶囊的相对运动的框架; 第三个是形成从废物容器到包装外部的不间断物理接触，热传导路径的部件。 包装包括用于关闭处理包装的盖子。 在本发明的方法中，将胶囊装入整体材料内的位置，包裹在导热材料中，然后加盖盖以封闭包装。
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公开(公告)号：US06558308B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US10063460
申请日：2002-04-25
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： A62D300
摘要： The Advanced Vitrification System (AVS) Melting Process is a process for vitrification of waste in a disposable canister. In the process, waste is dropped into the disposable canister from the top. While the waste is being dropped into the disposable canister, radiant energy is added to the space above the waste in the canister, such that the temperature of the gaseous atmosphere above the waste is higher than the melting point of the waste. Since only the space above the waste in the canister is heated, the temperature of the melt decreases with increasing depth of the waste in the canister. The decreasing temperature permits a small surface melt volume to be maintained and solidified product to form with increasing depth. The process continues until the disposable canister is filled, then all heating is stopped and the disposable canister allowed to cool to ambient temperature.
摘要翻译： 先进的玻璃化系统（AVS）熔化过程是一次性罐中废物玻璃化的过程。 在此过程中，垃圾从顶部落入一次性罐中。 当废物被丢弃到一次性罐中时，辐射能量被添加到罐中的废物上方的空间中，使得废物上方的气态气体的温度高于废物的熔点。 由于只有罐中的废物上方的空间被加热，熔体的温度随着罐中废物的深度的增加而减小。 降低的温度允许保持小的表面熔融体积并且随着深度增加而形成固化的产品。 该过程一直持续到一次性罐被填充，然后停止所有加热并且一次性罐被允许冷却至环境温度。
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公开(公告)号：US06283908B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US09564774
申请日：2000-05-04
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B09B300
摘要： A method of filling a canister with vitrified waste starting with a waste, such as high-level radioactive waste, that is cooler than its melting point. Waste is added incrementally to a canister forming a column of waste capable of being separated into an upper zone and a lower zone. The minimum height of the column is defined such that the waste in the lower zone can be dried and melted while maintaining the waste in the upper zone below its melting point. The maximum height of the column is such that the upper zone remains porous enough to permit evolved gases from the lower zone to flow through the upper zone and out of the canister. Heat is applied to the waste in the lower zone to first dry then to raise and maintain its temperature to a target temperature above the melting point of the waste. Then the heat is applied to a new lower zone above the melted waste and the process of adding, drying and melting the waste continues upward in the canister until the entire canister is filled and the entire contents are melted and maintained at the target temperature for the desired period. Cooling of the melted waste takes place incrementally from the bottom of the canister to the top, or across the entire canister surface area, forming a vitrified product.
摘要翻译： 一种用玻璃化废弃物填充罐的方法，其以比其熔点更冷的废物（例如高放射性废物）开始。 废弃物逐渐加入到形成能够分离成上部区域和下部区域的废弃物塔的罐中。 定义柱的最小高度，使得下部区域中的废物可以被干燥和熔化，同时将上部区域中的废物保持在其熔点以下。 柱的最大高度使得上部区域保持足够多孔，以允许来自下部区域的放出的气体流过上部区域并且流出罐。 将热量施加到下部区域中的废物中以首先干燥，以将其温度升高至高于废物熔点的目标温度。 然后将热量施加到熔融废物上方的新的下部区域，并且在罐中向上加入，干燥和熔化废物的过程继续向上，直到整个罐被填充，并且将整个内容物熔化并保持在目标温度 期望期 熔化的废物的冷却从罐的底部到顶部或整个罐表面区域逐渐发生，形成玻璃化产品。
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公开(公告)号：US5678237A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US668906
申请日：1996-06-24
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Robert Barletta
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich , Robert Barletta
摘要： A method for the in-situ vitrification of waste materials in a disposable can that includes an inner container and an outer container is disclosed. The method includes the steps of adding frit and waste materials to the inner container, removing any excess water, heating the inner container such that the frit and waste materials melt and vitrify after cooling, while maintaining the outer container at a significantly lower temperature than the inner container. The disposable can is then cooled to ambient temperatures and stored. A device for the in-situ vitrification of waste material in a disposable can is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括内容器和外容器的一次性罐中的废料原位玻璃化的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：向内部容器中加入玻璃料和废料，除去多余的水，加热内部容器，使得玻璃料和废料在冷却后熔化和玻璃化，同时将外部容器保持在比 内容器 然后将一次性罐冷却至环境温度并储存。 还公开了一次性罐中废料原位玻璃化的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06479021B2
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09733526
申请日：2000-12-11
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： B32B2704
摘要： A device for improving waste vitrification in a disposable canister, the process for using the device, and the process for making the device. The disposable canister, also known as a module, has outer and inner containers with thermal insulation therebetween. The device includes an inner container of graphite having a layer of pyrographite on its external wall. The outer container is typically made of stainless steel. The inner container is heated, typically by induction, to melt the frit and waste. The melted mixture is then cooled to form a vitrified product in the module. The fabrication of the pyrographite coating on the inner container involves heating the container to about 1500 degrees centigrade in a methane atmosphere, then cooling the container to ambient temperature.
摘要翻译： 一种用于改善一次性罐中的废玻璃化的装置，使用该装置的方法以及用于制造该装置的方法。 一次性罐也称为模块，具有在其间具有热绝缘性的外部和内部容器。 该装置包括在其外壁上具有热像仪层的石墨内容器。 外容器通常由不锈钢制成。 通常通过感应加热内部容器以熔化玻璃料并浪费。 然后将熔融的混合物冷却以在模块中形成玻璃化产品。 在内容器上制造热解层包括将容器在甲烷气氛中加热至约1500摄氏度，然后将容器冷却至环境温度。
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公开(公告)号：US06395954B2
公开(公告)日：2002-05-28
申请号：US09740916
申请日：2000-12-20
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
IPC分类号： G21F916
摘要： A process for improving waste vitrification in a disposable canister. In the process, chunks of frit are combined with waste and then added to the disposable canister. The waste and frit are then heated to melt the frit and waste. The melted mixture is then cooled to form a vitrified product in the module.
摘要翻译： 一种用于改善一次性罐中的废玻璃化的方法。 在此过程中，大块块玻璃料与废物相结合，然后加入一次性罐中。 然后将废料和玻璃料加热以熔化玻璃料并浪费。 然后将熔融的混合物冷却以在模块中形成玻璃化产品。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5585725A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US421567
申请日：1995-04-13
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
摘要： A system 10 and method of detecting an underground pipe 12 injects magnetic marking droplets 16 into the underground pipe 12 which coat the inside of the pipe 12 and may be detected from aboveground by a magnetometer 28. The droplets 16 include a non-adhesive cover 32 which allows free flow thereof through the pipe 12, with the cover 32 being ablatable for the timed-release of a central core 30 containing magnetic particles 30a which adhere to the inside of the pipe 12 and are detectable from aboveground. The rate of ablation of the droplet covers 32 is selectively variable to control a free flowing incubation zone 12a for the droplets 16 and a subsequent deposition zone 12b in which the magnetic particles 30a are released for coating the pipe 12.
摘要翻译： 系统10和地下管12的检测方法将磁性标记液滴16注入地下管12中，该地下管12涂覆在管12的内部，并且可以通过磁力计28从地上检测。液滴16包括非粘性盖32 其允许其自由流动通过管道12，其中盖子32可消融用于定期释放包含磁性颗粒30a的中心芯体30，该磁性颗粒30a粘附在管道12的内部并且可从地上检测。 液滴盖32的消融速率是可选择的，以控制用于液滴16的自由流动的孵育区域12a和随后的沉积区域12b，其中磁性颗粒30a被释放以涂覆管道12。
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公开(公告)号：US5574244A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-12
申请号：US340537
申请日：1994-11-16
申请人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
发明人： James R. Powell , Morris Reich
CPC分类号： B28D1/00
摘要： A method and machine 14 are provided for cutting a workpiece 12 such as concrete. A gun barrel 16 is provided for repetitively loading projectiles 22 therein and is supplied with a pressurized propellant from a storage tank 28. A thermal storage tank 32,32A is disposed between the propellant storage tank 28 and the gun barrel 16 for repetitively receiving and heating propellant charges which are released in the gun barrel 16 for repetitively firing projectiles 22 therefrom toward the workpiece 12. In a preferred embodiment, hypervelocity of the projectiles 22 is obtained for cutting the concrete workpiece 12 by fracturing thereof.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于切割诸如混凝土的工件12的方法和机器14。 提供枪筒16，用于在其中重复地装载弹丸22，并且从储罐28供应加压推进剂。蓄热箱32,32A设置在推进剂储存箱28和枪管16之间，以重复地接收和加热 在炮筒16中释放的推进剂装料，用于将射出物22从其向工件12重复射出。在优选实施例中，获得了射弹22的超高速，用于通过压碎来切割混凝土工件12。
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