摘要:
An efficient oil based drilling fluid is provided that includes a polymer additive effective at imparting suspension characteristics without the presence of organophilic clays, while also providing filtration control. The fluid is shear thinning and has good fluid rheology over a broad temperature range. A preferred polymer for the additive is substantially linear and comprises mostly hydrophobic monomers and some hydrophilic monomers such as, for example, an emulsion copolymer of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and acrylic acid.
摘要:
A method and product is disclosed which provides emulsion stability and filtration control to invert emulsion drilling fluids. The product comprises a blend of a carboxylic acid terminated polyamide and/or a wetting agent with a reaction product or mixture produced by the Diels-Alder reaction of dienophiles, preferably carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, acid anhydrides, or combinations or mixes thereof, with a mixture of fatty acids and resin acids. The product of the invention is extremely effective, decreasing by about two-thirds the amount of emulsifier generally required to formulate an effective drilling fluid. The product of the invention also greatly reduces and in many cases eliminates the need for conventional fluid loss additives, and additionally provides electrical stability. Moreover, the product of the invention has a pour point as low as about 20 degrees Fahrenheit with minimal solvents, thereby eliminating the need to ship large amounts of inert material for use, and may be transported in a highly active state.
摘要:
A method and product is disclosed which provides emulsion stability and filtration control to invert emulsion drilling fluids. The product comprises a blend of a carboxylic acid terminated polyamide and a mixture produced by the Diels-Alder reaction of dienophiles, preferably carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, acid anhydrides, or combinations or mixes thereof, with a mixture of fatty acids and resin acids. The product is extremely effective, decreasing by about two-thirds the amount of emulsifier generally required to formulate an effective drilling fluid. The product also greatly reduces and in many cases eliminates the need for conventional fluid loss additives, and additionally provides electrical stability. Moreover, the product has a pour point as low as about 20 degrees Fahrenheit with minimal solvents, thereby eliminating the need to ship large amounts of inert material for use, and may be transported in a highly active state.
摘要:
A method and product is disclosed which provides emulsion stability and filtration control to invert emulsion drilling fluids. The product comprises a blend of a carboxylic acid terminated polyamide and/or a wetting agent with a reaction product or mixture produced by the Diels-Alder reaction of dienophiles, preferably carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, acid anhydrides, or combinations or mixes thereof, with a mixture of fatty acids and resin acids. The product of the invention is extremely effective, decreasing by about two-thirds the amount of emulsifier generally required to formulate an effective drilling fluid. The product of the invention also greatly reduces and in many cases eliminates the need for conventional fluid loss additives, and additionally provides electrical stability. Moreover, the product of the invention has a pour point as low as about 20 degrees Fahrenheit with minimal solvents, thereby eliminating the need to ship large amounts of inert material for use, and may be transported in a highly active state.
摘要:
An improved system and method of capturing, transmitting, rating (exclusive content), continuously playing, selling and advertising listener and/or viewer data from vehicle Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) equipped infotainment systems capable of receiving and translating live broadcasts for Analog TV, Digital TV, HDTV, Satellite TV, Satellite Radio (SIRUS/XM), AM, FM, HD, DRM, UHF, VHF, Shortwave, Internet Podcasts and Bluetooth coupled media is described herein. The In-vehicle Listener and Viewer Data Capture System (LVDCS) is capable of recording, collecting and transmitting audience measurement data (from automobiles or other vehicles), using only the vehicle's OEM equipped communication network, including viewing and listening data for all audio and video content derived from the Infotainment System Module (ISM), Audio/Video Control Module (A/VCM), touchscreen or vehicle radio. The scope of viewing and listening data collected as well as communication method are unique to the LVDCS.Additional unique features of the LVDCS are In-Vehicle Listener and Viewer Continuous Play Feature function and Radio Data System (RDS) Interactive Bubble Advertising. The In-Vehicle Listener and Viewer Continuous Play Feature is a Method of continuously playing an Over The Air (OTA) transmission including Analog TV, Digital TV, HDTV, AM, FM, HD, DRM, UHF, VHF and Shortwave broadcast, by transitioning to the live internet broadcast stream, via either a processor or LVDCS software equipped on the vehicles Gateway Module (GWM), ISM or A/VCM, when the strength of the OTA signal drops below a pre-defined value, the internet stream will transition to that station. Conversely, when the OTA signal reaches a pre-defined value, separate and greater than the value of the transition from the OTA signal to the internet stream, the converse transition from internet stream to OTA will take place.RDS Interactive Bubble Advertising is a Method of Advertising onto an ISM, A/VCM, touchscreen or vehicle radio by overlaying RDS Radio Text (RT) data, transmitted Over-The-Air (OTA), included in the LVDCS for interactive display. RDS data specific to advertising segments, or in between broadcast segments, transmitted OTA and received by an ISM, A/VCM, touchscreen or vehicle radio onboard vehicle touchscreen or vehicle radio will be read and processed via an onboard processor and the LVDCS to execute protocols to display Interactive Bubble Advertising. Visual display includes interactive location map, logo, symbol, emoji or hyperlinked media.RDS RT data triggers the start and stop of the Interactive Bubble Advertising by transmitting an encoded identifying bit to authenticate the transmission. Encoded identifying bit is read and processed via the onboard processor or pre-loaded software or firmware downloaded onto an ISM, A/VCM, touchscreen or vehicle radio. Post authentication of the OTA RDS RT transmitted identifying bit, Interactive Bubble Advertising will begin. Interactive Bubble Advertising will then be used to display Advertiser content. Advertiser content will be coupled with display interface with the LVDCS for use on the ISM, A/VCM, touchscreen or vehicle radio, including interactive map displays, blue tooth enabled synchronization of dialing a displayed number or hyperlinking web based content.
摘要:
Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a device including a substrate, having a top surface and a bottom surface; an array of nanowires having a base and a top surface, the base contacting the top surface of the substrate; a contacting structure including the same material as the substrate having a non-nanostructured surface of a dimension suitable for forming an electrical contact, located on the same side of the substrate as the array of silicon nanowires; wherein the contacting structure is doped with a greater impurity concentration than the nanowire array, thereby forming a selective emitter.
摘要:
In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a device including a silicon substrate, wherein at least a portion of the substrate surface can be a silicon nanowire array; and a layer of alumina covering the silicon nanowire array. In some embodiments, the device can be a solar cell. In some embodiments, the device can be a p-n junction. In some embodiments, the p-n junction can be located below the bottom surface the nanowire array.
摘要:
Designed drilling fluids and methods of designing and using designed drilling fluids are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of designing a drilling fluid comprises the step of determining a Design Space comprising specified ranges for one or more drilling fluid properties. The method further comprises determining a Final Fluid Formulations Set comprising drilling fluid compositions having drilling fluid properties compatible with the Design Space and satisfying one or more Performance Criterion. The method further comprises selecting a subset of drilling fluid compositions from the Final Fluid Formulations Set. The method further comprises preparing a drilling fluid based on the subset of drilling fluid compositions.
摘要:
Links in industrial chains are connected by pins in bushings. Internal sealing rings in internal annular grooves near ends of bushings prevent inward movement of debris and outward movement of grease past the grooves. Steel internal sealing rings are expanded further into the grooves upon insertion of the pins through the bushings and the steel rings. The steel rings tightly grip the pins and rotate with the pins. Opposite ends of the bushings extend slightly from inside sidebars. Outer conical nitrile seals have collars placed on extended ends of the bushings and have large radiused ends for contacting inner surfaces of outside sidebars that hold the pins.