Abstract:
A phosphorous flame retardant including nanosilicate platelets (NSP) is made by first reacting hexachlorotriphosphazene (HCP) with poly(oxyalkylene)amine, then mixing the HCP product with nano silicate platelets (NSP) to obtain the phosphorous flame retardant including NSP. The phosphorous flame retardant can be further applied to an epoxy resin as a curing agent.
Abstract:
A method for preparing a nanometal-polymer composite conductive film includes the steps of (1) mixing a metal oxide with a polymer solution; (2) coating a substrate with a solution resulting from step (1), followed by drying the resultant solution to form a film; (3) performing thermal treatment on the film formed in step (2); and (4) sintering the film thermally treated in step (3). The method dispenses with any reducing agent or dispersing agent but allows nanometallic particles to be formed in situ and thereby reduces surface resistance of the polymer film efficiently.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for reducing metal ions (for example, silver ions) and stably dispersing metal nanoparticles by nanosilicate platelets. An organic dispersant, nanosilicate platelets and a metal ionic solution are mixed to perform a reductive reaction, wherein the organic dispersant is tri-sodium citrate dihydrate (SCD), chitosan or polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), to produce a mixture of stably dispersed metal nanoparticles.
Abstract:
Polymeric polyamine is produced by polymerizing polyoxyalkylene-amine and a linker. The polyoxyalkylene-amine has a structural formula H2N—R—NH2, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of dianhydride, diacid, epoxy, diisocyanate and poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) copolymers (SMA). The linker can be anhydride, carboxylic acid, epoxy, isocyanate or poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) copolymers (SMA). The polymeric polyamine so produced can be used as a stabilizer or dispersant of the Ag nanoparticles.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for producing silver nanoparticles by employing ethanolamine. The method of this invention can be easily operated and no organic solvent is required. Ethanolamine first reacts with copolymers of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (abbreviated as SMA) to generate polymeric polymers. The polymeric polymers then reduce silver ions to silver atoms which are dispersed in the form of silver nanoparticles. Functional groups of the polymeric polymers can chelate with silver ions and be stably compatible with water or organic solvents, whereby the silver nanoparticles can be stably dispersed without aggregation and the produced silver nanoparticles.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for collecting oil with a modified clay. By mixing the modified clay and oil, the oil can be adsorbed to the clay. The modified clay is obtained by intercalating a hydrophobic polymer such as acidified poly(oxyalkylene)-amine into layered silicate clay, mica or talc to enlarge the interlayer space. The modified clay thus becomes hydrophobic and adsorption to the oil is promoted.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an organic/inorganic compositive dispersant and a method for producing the same. The compositive dispersant comprises a complex of inorganic clay and an organic surfactant. The compositive dispersant is produced by reacting inorganic clay with the organic surfactant in a solvent to generate a complex. The inorganic clay is layered or platelet. The organic surfactant is an anionic surfactant such as alkyl sulfates, a nonionic surfactant such as octylphenol polyethoxylate and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, or a cationic surfactant such as fatty (C12˜C32) quaternary ammonium salts and fatty (C12˜C32) quaternary ammonium chlorides.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses an exfoliative clay and a derivative thereof and a method for producing the same. The exfoliative clay is formed by emulsion exfoliating an inorganic layered silicate clay with an amphibious intercalating agent by powerfully stirring at 60–180° C. and not less than 14.7 psig. The amphibious intercalating agent is obtained by copolymerizing polyoxyalkylene amine having molecular weight over 1,800 and polypropylene-grafting-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA). Before emulsion exfoliation, the intercalating agent is acidified with an inorganic acid. The acidification is the key step for obtaining nanoscale of emulsifying particles less than 100 nm for the exfoliation. The exfoliative clay can be further extracted with a hydroxide or a chloride of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal to obtain a derivative in the form of nanosilica plates which is free of organic portions.
Abstract:
A composition for an anti-scale-forming agent includes oil-based polyalkylenes, amines phosphorous and oxygen in a polymer for providing dispersivity and anti-oxidation and having the following formula: By integrating both characteristics into a single polymer, the anti-scale-forming agent in accordance with the present invention can be used as an anti-scale-forming agent for a manufacturing process in a petroleum refinery plant or the like chemistry factory. R1, R2 and x are defined herein.
Abstract:
1,3-propanediol is prepared in a process which involves hydroformylating ethylene oxide: (a) in an essentially non-water-miscible solvent in the presence of a non-ligated cobalt catalyst and a catalyst promoter at a temperature within the range of about 50.degree. to about 100.degree. C. and a pressure within the range of about 500 to about 5000 psig, to produce an intermediate product mixture comprising less than about 15 wt % 3-hydroxypropanal; (b) adding an aqueous liquid and extracting at a temperature less than about 100.degree. C. the 3-hydroxypropanal to provide an aqueous phase comprising 3-hydroxypropanal in greater concentration than the concentration of 3-hydroxypropanal in said intermediate product mixture, and an organic phase comprising the cobalt catalyst; (c) separating the aqueous phase from the organic phase; (d) hydrogenating the 3-hydroxypropanal to provide a hydrogenation product mixture comprising 1,3-propanediol; and (e) recovering 1,3-propanediol from said hydrogenation product mixture. The process enables the production of 1,3-propanediol in high yields and selectivity without the use of a phosphine ligand-modified cobalt catalyst.