公开(公告)号：US4427886A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-24

申请号：US404398

申请日：1982-08-02

申请人： Joe A. Martin ,  Max G. Lagally

发明人： Joe A. Martin ,  Max G. Lagally

IPC分类号： G01N23/225 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J37/073 ,  H01J19/24 ,  H01J19/32 ,  H01J29/46

CPC分类号： H01J37/073

摘要： A field emission electron gun (10) is disclosed which has an extraction electrode, composed of one or more sharply pointed electrode tips (17) in close proximity to a field emission cathode tip (11), such that a relatively low voltage between the cathode tip (11) and the extraction electrode tips (17), in the range of 100 to 2000 volts, will cause field emission of electrons from the cathode tip due to the extremely high localized electric field at the cathode tip. The electrons in the beam extracted from the cathode (11) are at a relatively low kinetic energy, particularly adapting the beam for use in such applications as low energy electron microscopy and low energy electron diffraction. For such applications, the extracted beam is generally passed through a limiting aperture member (21), electrostatic lenses (24, 25), and a deflection coil (26) when scanning of the target (27) is desired.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种场发射电子枪（10），其具有由紧邻场发射阴极尖端（11）的一个或多个尖锐的电极尖端（17）组成的引出电极，使得阴极之间的相对较低的电压 尖端（11）和提取电极尖端（17）在100至2000伏范围内将由于阴极尖端处的极高的局部电场而导致来自阴极尖端的电子的场发射。 从阴极（11）提取的光束中的电子处于相对较低的动能，特别是使光束适用于诸如低能量电子显微镜和低能量电子衍射的应用。 对于这种应用，当期望扫描目标（27）时，提取的光束通常通过限制孔径部件（21），静电透镜（24,25）和偏转线圈（26）。

公开(公告)号：US06503350B2

公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

申请号：US09448546

申请日：1999-11-23

申请人： Joe A. Martin ,  Larry H. Welch

发明人： Joe A. Martin ,  Larry H. Welch

IPC分类号： C06B3300

CPC分类号： C06D5/06 ,  C06B21/0066 ,  C06B33/00 ,  C06B45/10

摘要： Disclosed are propellants such as may be used in solid rocket motors. In one preferred embodiment, the propellant comprises one high energy propellant composition comprising a homogeneous mixture of fuel and oxidizer having a predetermined fuel/oxidizer ratio, wherein individual fuel particles are generally uniformly distributed throughout a matrix of oxidizer, and a low energy propellant composition comprising a fuel and oxidizer. The amounts of the two propellants are present in amounts which achieve a preselected burn rate.

摘要翻译： 公开了可以用于固体火箭发动机的推进剂。 在一个优选实施方案中，推进剂包含一种高能推进剂组合物，其包含具有预定燃料/氧化剂比的燃料和氧化剂的均匀混合物，其中单个燃料颗粒通常均匀分布在整个氧化剂基质中，以及低能量推进剂组合物， 燃料和氧化剂。 两种推进剂的量以达到预选燃烧速率的量存在。

公开(公告)号：US06454886B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

申请号：US09447703

申请日：1999-11-23

申请人： Joe A. Martin ,  Larry H. Welch

发明人： Joe A. Martin ,  Larry H. Welch

IPC分类号： C06B4500

CPC分类号： C06B27/00 ,  C06B21/0066 ,  C06B21/0091 ,  C06B33/00

摘要： Disclosed are compositions comprising mixtures of metallic particles and solid oxidizer, and a method for preparing such compositions. The compositions comprise a homogeneous mixture of metallic particles and solid oxidizer wherein individual metallic particles are generally uniformly distributed throughout a matrix of solid oxidizer which is suitable for use in a solid rocket motor.

摘要翻译： 公开了包含金属颗粒和固体氧化剂的混合物的组合物，以及制备这种组合物的方法。 组合物包含金属颗粒和固体氧化剂的均匀混合物，其中单个金属颗粒通常均匀分布在适合用于固体火箭发动机的固体氧化剂基质中。

公开(公告)号：US5606146A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-25

申请号：US84099

申请日：1993-07-01

申请人： Wayne C. Danen ,  Joe A. Martin

发明人： Wayne C. Danen ,  Joe A. Martin

IPC分类号： C06B45/12 ,  C23C14/08 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C30/00 ,  F24V30/00 ,  C06B45/14

CPC分类号： C23C14/081 ,  C06B45/12 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C30/00 ,  F24J1/00

摘要： A method for providing chemical energy and energetic compositions of matter consisting of thin layers of substances which will exothermically react with one another. The layers of reactive substances are separated by thin layers of a buffer material which prevents the reactions from taking place until the desired time. The reactions are triggered by an external agent, such as mechanical stress or an electric spark. The compositions are known as metastable interstitial composites (MICs). This class of compositions includes materials which have not previously been capable of use as energetic materials. The speed and products of the reactions can be varied to suit the application.

摘要翻译： 提供化学能和能量组成的物质的方法，由物质的薄层组成，这些物质将彼此放热反应。 反应物质的层被缓冲材料的薄层分开，防止反应发生直到期望的时间。 反应由外部试剂触发，例如机械应力或电火花。 组合物被称为亚稳态间质复合物（MIC）。 这类组合物包括以前不能用作高能材料的材料。 反应的速度和产物可以根据应用而变化。

公开(公告)号：US06430920B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09447757

申请日：1999-11-23

申请人： Joe A. Martin ,  Larry H. Welch

发明人： Joe A. Martin ,  Larry H. Welch

IPC分类号： F02K912

CPC分类号： F02K9/12 ,  F02K9/00 ,  F02K9/08 ,  F02K9/22 ,  F02K9/34

摘要： A solid rocket motor for accelerating a payload comprises a motor casing and a solid propellant matrix, utilizing a high burn-rate fuel. The use of a high burn rate fuel allows the rocket motor to operate in an end-burning fashion without the use of a constricting aperture to increase the back-pressure upon the burn-front of the fuel matrix. The exhaust gas produced from combustion of the propellant matrix exits directly to the ambient environment through a simple aperture without the use of an expansion nozzle. By eliminating the mass of the nozzle and allowing the use of lighter, less structurally robust motor casings, the needed acceleration of the vehicle can be achieved while using less propellant and a lighter launch vehicle.

摘要翻译： 用于加速有效载荷的固体火箭发动机包括使用高燃耗燃料的马达壳体和固体推进剂基质。 使用高燃耗燃料允许火箭发动机以终端燃烧的方式运行，而不使用收缩孔径以增加燃料基体的燃烧前沿上的背压。 由推进剂基质的燃烧产生的废气通过简单的孔直接流到周围环境，而不使用膨胀喷嘴。 通过消除喷嘴的质量并允许使用更轻，结构更坚固的电机壳体，可以在使用较少的推进剂和较轻的运载火箭的情况下实现车辆所需的加速。

公开(公告)号：US5717159A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-10

申请号：US816747

申请日：1997-02-19

申请人： George P. Dixon ,  Joe A. Martin ,  Don Thompson

发明人： George P. Dixon ,  Joe A. Martin ,  Don Thompson

IPC分类号： C06B33/12 ,  C06C7/00 ,  F41F1/40

CPC分类号： C06B33/12 ,  C06C7/00

摘要： A lead-free percussion primer composition and a percussion cup containing e composition. The lead-free percussion primer composition is comprised of a mixture of about 45 wt % aluminum powder having an outer coating of aluminum oxide and molybdenum trioxide powder or a mixture of about 50 wt % aluminum powder having an outer coating of aluminum oxide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder. The aluminum powder, molybdenum trioxide powder and polytetrafluoroethylene powder has a particle size of 0.1 .mu.m or less, more preferably a particle size of from about 200-500 angstroms.

摘要翻译： 无铅冲击底漆组合物和含有组合物的冲击杯。 无铅冲击底漆组合物由约45重量％的具有氧化铝外涂层和三氧化钼粉末的铝粉末的混合物或约50重量％的具有氧化铝外涂层和聚四氟乙烯粉末的铝粉末的混合物组成 。 铝粉末，三氧化钼粉末和聚四氟乙烯粉末的粒径为0.1μm以下，更优选为200〜500埃左右的粒径。

公开(公告)号：US5266132A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-30

申请号：US774961

申请日：1991-10-08

申请人： Wayne C. Danen ,  Joe A. Martin

发明人： Wayne C. Danen ,  Joe A. Martin

IPC分类号： C06B45/12 ,  C23C14/08 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C30/00 ,  F24V30/00 ,  C06B45/14

CPC分类号： C23C14/081 ,  C06B45/12 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C30/00 ,  F24J1/00

摘要： A method for providing chemical energy and energetic compositions of matter consisting of thin layers of substances which will exothermically react with one another. The layers of reactive substances are separated by thin layers of a buffer material which prevents the reactions from taking place until the desired time. The reactions are triggered by an external agent, such as mechanical stress or an electric spark. The compositions are known as metastable interstitial composites (MICs). This class of compositions includes materials which have not previously been capable of use as energetic materials. The speed and products of the reactions can be varied to suit the application.

摘要翻译： 提供化学能和能量组成的物质的方法，由物质的薄层组成，这些物质将彼此放热反应。 反应物质的层被缓冲材料的薄层分开，防止反应发生直到期望的时间。 反应由外部试剂触发，例如机械应力或电火花。 组合物被称为亚稳态间质复合物（MIC）。 这类组合物包括以前不能用作高能材料的材料。 反应的速度和产物可以根据应用而变化。

公开(公告)号：US5134360A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-28

申请号：US670111

申请日：1991-03-15

申请人： Joe A. Martin ,  Robert C. Dye

发明人： Joe A. Martin ,  Robert C. Dye

IPC分类号： G01N27/04 ,  G01R31/00 ,  G01R33/12

CPC分类号： G01R33/1246 ,  G01N27/041 ,  G01R31/00 ,  Y10S505/843

摘要： An apparatus for the measurement of the critical current of a superconductive sample, e.g., a clad superconductive sample, the apparatus including a conductive coil, a means for maintaining the coil in proximity to a superconductive sample, an electrical connection means for passing a low amplitude alternating current through the coil, a cooling means for maintaining the superconductive sample at a preselected temperature, a means for passing a current through the superconductive sample, and, a means for monitoring reactance of the coil, is disclosed, together with a process of measuring the critical current of a superconductive material, e.g., a clad superconductive material, by placing a superconductive material into the vicinity of the conductive coil of such an apparatus, cooling the superconductive material to a preselected temperature, passing a low amplitude alternating current through the coil, the alternating current capable of generating a magnetic field sufficient to penetrate, e.g., any cladding, and to induce eddy currents in the superconductive material, passing a steadily increasing current through the superconductive material, the current characterized as having a different frequency than the alternating current, and, monitoring the reactance of the coil with a phase sensitive detector as the current passed through the superconductive material is steadily increased whereby critical current of the superconductive material can be observed as the point whereat a component of impedance deviates.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量超导样品（例如包覆超导体样品）的临界电流的装置，该装置包括导电线圈，用于将线圈保持在超导样品附近的装置，用于通过低振幅的电连接装置 通过线圈的交流电流，用于将超导体样品保持在预选温度的冷却装置，用于使电流通过超导样品的装置和用于监测线圈的电抗的装置，以及测量的过程 通过将超导材料放置在这种设备的导电线圈附近，超导材料（例如包覆超导材料）的临界电流，将超导材料冷却至预选温度，使低振幅的交流电流通过线圈 ，能够产生足以穿透的磁场的交流电 例如，任何包层，并且在超导材料中诱发涡流，使稳定增加的电流通过超导材料，该电流的特征在于具有与交流电流不同的频率，并且监测线圈的电抗 通过超导材料的电流稳定地增加了相敏检测器，从而可以观察到超导材料的临界电流作为阻抗分量偏离的点。