摘要:
Chimeric nonhuman mammals useful as inducible spontaneous cancer models are disclosed. The nonhuman mammals are obtained by introducing one or more genetically modified embryonic stem (ES) cells into an early stage embryo, and then implanting the manipulated embryo into a surrogate mother. The ES cells contain a recombinant oncogene, and also may contain a genetic mutation that deletes or inactivates a tumor suppressor gene. Models of different types of cancer are produced by introducing different combinations of genetic mutations into the ES cells that are introduced into the early stage embryo.
摘要:
Chimeric nonhuman mammals useful as inducible spontaneous cancer models are disclosed. The nonhuman mammals are obtained by introducing one or more genetically modified embryonic stem (ES) cells into an early stage embryo, and then implanting the manipulated embryo into a surrogate mother. The ES cells contain a recombinant oncogene, and also may contain a genetic mutation that deletes or inactivates a tumor suppressor gene. Models of different types of cancer are produced by introducing different combinations of genetic mutations into the ES cells that are introduced into the early stage embryo.
摘要:
The invention provides an improved directed complementation method for generating a conditionally tumorigenic mouse cell. In a directed complementation method, the tumorigenicity of a conditionally tumorigenic mouse cell depends on either the expression of an inducible recombinant oncogene or the expression of a recombinant gene of interest that functionally complements an uninduced recombinant oncogene. The invention provides a method of producing a tumorigenic mouse cell containing an uninduced oncogene, a recombinant gene of interest that functionally complements the uninduced oncogene, and a Cre-ER system capable of excising the recombinant gene of interest. When the Cre-ER system is activated, the recombinant gene of interest is excised. From the effect on the mouse cell it is possible to determine whether the recombinant gene of interest is a tumor maintenance gene.
摘要:
A method of producing a tumorigenic mouse cell, the tumorigenicity of which depends on a recombinant gene of interest is disclosed. The method involves: (a) providing a conditionally tumorigenic mouse cell containing a recombinant oncogene operably linked to an inducible promoter, wherein (i) expression of the recombinant oncogene is necessary and sufficient for the tumorigenicity of the tumorigenic mouse cell, and (ii) the inducible promoter is in the uninduced state; and (b) introducing into the cell a recombinant gene of interest that functionally complements the oncogene, thereby restoring tumorigenicity without expression of the inducible recombinant oncogene. Also disclosed is a method of testing a compound for anti-tumor effects. The method includes producing tumorigenic mouse cells the tumorigenicity depends on expression of a recombinant gene of interest, implanting the cells in mice and obtaining tumors from the implanted cells, administering test compounds to the mice, and determining anti-tumor effects, if any, of the compounds.
摘要:
The present invention provides diagnostic methods for assessing the EMT status of tumor cells, and for predicting the effectiveness of treatment of a cancer patient with an EGFR or IGF-1R kinase inhibitor, utilizing an EMT gene signature index score. The present invention further provides methods for treating patients with cancer that incorporate these methods.
摘要:
The present invention provides diagnostic methods for assessing the EMT status of tumor cells, and for predicting the effectiveness of treatment of a cancer patient with an EGFR or IGF-1R kinase inhibitor, utilizing an EMT gene signature index score. The present invention further provides methods for treating patients with cancer that incorporate these methods.
摘要:
A method of producing a tumorigenic mouse cell, the tumorigenicity of which depends on a recombinant gene of interest is disclosed. The method involves: (a) providing a conditionally tumorigenic mouse cell containing a recombinant oncogene operably linked to an inducible promoter, wherein (i) expression of the recombinant oncogene is necessary and sufficient for the tumorigenicity of the tumorigenic mouse cell, and (ii) the inducible promoter is in the uninduced state; and (b) introducing into the cell a recombinant gene of interest that functionally complements the oncogene, thereby restoring tumorigenicity without expression of the inducible recombinant oncogene. Also disclosed is a method of testing a compound for anti-tumor effects. The method includes producing tumorigenic mouse cells the tumorigenicity depends on expression of a recombinant gene of interest, implanting the cells in mice and obtaining tumors from the implanted cells, administering test compounds to the mice, and determining anti-tumor effects, if any, of the compounds.
摘要:
A reconstituted human breast tumor model is disclosed. The model, which is incorporated into mice, provides actual tumors that arise spontaneously, thereby mimicking naturally occurring breast cancer. The tumors are genetically human, because they arise from human mammary tissues that develop from human mammary epithelial cells implanted into host mice. Prior to implantation, the mammary epithelial cells are genetically modified to contain a recombinant human oncogene and an SV40 early region.
摘要:
Disclosed are nucleic acid molecules encoding novel cyclin E2 polypeptides. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the nucleic acid molecules and polypeptides, and methods of using these molecules.
摘要:
A diagnostic method for predicting whether a human tumor will be sensitive or resistant to treatment with tivozanib (AV-951) is disclosed. The method is based on measurement of macrophage content in a tissue sample from a tumor. Measurement of macrophage content can be based on analysis of macrophage marker gene expression, e.g., by RNA analysis or immunohistochemistry.