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公开(公告)号：US4646024A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US548174
申请日：1983-11-02
CPC分类号： H01F7/20 , H01F41/045 , Y10S505/844
摘要： In the production of nuclear magnetic resonance images, it is necessary to provide various magnetic fields with specified orientations and configurations in particular relationships with respect to a cylindrical coil form on which the RF and gradient coils are generally disposed. In particular, it is necessary to produce so-called transverse gradient fields which are oriented transversely with respect to the cylindrical form. It is necessary to produce a component parallel to the axis of the cylinder, but which component varies linearly in intensity in the direction transverse to the axis. That is to say, it is desirable to produce a magnetic field component within the cylinder such that surfaces on which this component is constant are parallel and are generally oriented parallel to the axis of the cylinder. Furthermore, for the purpose of providing proper spatial definition and resolution, it is necessary that this transverse field exhibit a highly linear variation in intensity inside the cylinder. In a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system, two such coil sets are required and are oriented at right angles to one another so as to generate x-axis and y-axis positioning information. The present invention describes coil winding patterns which are capable of producing such transverse gradient magnetic fields with an exceedingly high degree of linearity.
摘要翻译： 在生产核磁共振图像时，有必要提供具有指定取向和配置的各种磁场，这些磁场与通常设置有RF和梯度线圈的圆柱形线圈形式有关。 特别地，有必要产生相对于圆柱形横向定向的所谓的横向梯度场。 需要产生平行于圆柱体轴线的分量，但哪个分量在横向于轴线的方向上强度线性变化。 也就是说，期望在圆柱体内产生磁场分量，使得该部件恒定的表面是平行的，并且大致定向为平行于圆柱体的轴线。 此外，为了提供适当的空间定义和分辨率，有必要使该横向场在气缸内呈现高度线性的强度变化。 在核磁共振成像系统中，需要两个这样的线圈组，并且彼此成直角定向，以便产生x轴和y轴定位信息。 本发明描述了能够产生具有非常高的线性度的这种横向梯度磁场的线圈绕组图案。
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公开(公告)号：US4680548A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US884674
申请日：1986-07-16
CPC分类号： G01R33/3628 , G01R33/34076
摘要： In one embodiment, referred to as the "high-pass" version, the radio frequency (RF) coil is made up of two conductive loop elements, each including serially-connected capacitors. The loop elements are electrically interconnected by axial conductive segments having inherent inductances associated therewith. Electrically, the coil can be viewed as a slow wave delay line structure wrapped around a cylinder and connected to itself. The coil can be energized by connecting a source of RF power across one of the capacitors in the loop elements. In another embodiment, termed the "band-pass" version, the axial conductive segments, as well as the conductive loop elements, are provided with capacitors.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，被称为“高通”版本，射频（RF）线圈由两个导电环路元件组成，每个包括串联连接的电容器。 环形元件通过具有与其相关联的固有电感的轴向导电段电互连。 电气地，线圈可以被看作是围绕圆筒缠绕并连接到其自身的慢波延迟线结构。 通过在环路元件中的一个电容器之间连接RF电源来激励线圈。 在称为“带通”版本的另一实施例中，轴向导电段以及导电环路元件设置有电容器。
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公开(公告)号：US4689563A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-25
申请号：US743125
申请日：1985-06-10
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , William A. Edelstein , Howard R. Hart, Jr. , John F. Schenck , Rowland W. Redington , William M. Leue
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , William A. Edelstein , Howard R. Hart, Jr. , John F. Schenck , Rowland W. Redington , William M. Leue
IPC分类号： G01R33/36 , G01R33/38 , G01R33/485 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/381 , G01R33/3607 , G01R33/485 , G01R33/3815
摘要： A magnetic resonance system for both imaging and spectroscopy of a sample of non-magnetic material (such as a portion of the human anatomy and the like) at one static magnetic field magnitude in excess of 0.7 Tesla (T), utilizes a superconducting magnet having a room-temperature bore of diameter sufficiently large to place therein not only the desired sample but also a set of gradient magnetic field-producing coils and at least one radio-frequency coil for exciting and/or receiving response signals from the sample to be examined. The entire magnetic system has suitably-small temporal and positional field variations to allow imaging to be accomplished at the resonant frequencies of nuclei including .sup.1 H, .sup.13 C, .sup.19 F, .sup.23 Na and .sup.31 P. The system includes a novel interface subsystem, itself including a novel gradient signal switching circuit, for acquiring imaging data in relatively short time intervals.
摘要翻译： 在超过0.7特斯拉（T）的一个静态磁场强度下，用于非磁性材料样品（例如人体解剖结构等的一部分）的成像和光谱学的磁共振系统利用具有 直径足够大的室温孔，不仅放置所需的样品，而且还设置一组梯度磁场产生线圈和至少一个用于激发和/或接收来自待检样品的响应信号的射频线圈 。 整个磁系统具有适当小的时间和位置场变化，以允许在包括1H，13C，19F，23Na和31P的核的共振频率下实现成像。 该系统包括一个新颖的接口子系统，本身包括一个新颖的梯度信号切换电路，用于以较短的时间间隔采集成像数据。
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公开(公告)号：US4972836A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-27
申请号：US452173
申请日：1989-12-18
CPC分类号： G01R33/5673 , A61B3/113 , A61B5/1103 , G01R33/28 , A61B2562/0233 , A61B5/062 , A61B5/6821 , A61B5/7239
摘要： Apparatus for detecting movement of an anatomical sample undergoing NMR imaging uses at least one optical sensor, each having an output responsive to the intensity of received illumination and each directed to view a selected portion of sample; and apparatus for monitoring the output of each sensor to detect a change therein responsive to movement of the sample.
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4641097A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-03
申请号：US609043
申请日：1984-05-10
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , John F. Schenck
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , John F. Schenck
IPC分类号： H01P7/00 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/343 , G01R33/345 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/345 , G01R33/343 , G01R33/3628 , Y10S505/844
摘要： A radio-frequency coil, for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging at Larmor frequencies associated with a magnetic field of greater than about 0.5 Tesla, comprises a slotted-tube radio-frequency resonator having an elliptical cross-section. First and second complementary outer resonator portions have central bands connecting juxtaposed wing structures; the end of each of the four wings is spaced from a complementary wing portion of the other outer portion and capacitively coupled thereto. An inner structure has a pair of elliptical guard rings placed substantially in registration with the elliptical portions of the outer structure wing portions. The eccentricity ratio of the elliptical cross-section of the resonator and the resonator dimensions are arranged to provide an interior volume into which a human head or body extremity can be placed for imaging purposes.
摘要翻译： 用于与大于约0.5特斯拉的磁场相关联的拉莫尔频率的核磁共振成像的射频线圈包括具有椭圆截面的开槽管射频谐振器。 第一和第二互补外共振器部分具有连接并置的翼结构的中心带; 四个翼中的每一个的端部与另一个外部部分的互补翼部分间隔开并与其电容耦合。 内部结构具有一对基本上与外部结构翼部的椭圆形部对准的椭圆形保护环。 谐振器的椭圆截面和谐振器尺寸的偏心率被布置成提供可以放置人体头部或身体末端以用于成像目的的内部容积。
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公开(公告)号：US5365927A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US146345
申请日：1993-11-02
申请人： Peter B. Roemer , Samuel M. Blumenfeld , Kirby G. Vosburgh , Harvey E. Cline , William D. Barber , William E. Lorensen , Richard L. St. Peters , John F. Schenck , Charles L. Dumoulin , Robert D. Darrow , Christopher J. Hardy
发明人： Peter B. Roemer , Samuel M. Blumenfeld , Kirby G. Vosburgh , Harvey E. Cline , William D. Barber , William E. Lorensen , Richard L. St. Peters , John F. Schenck , Charles L. Dumoulin , Robert D. Darrow , Christopher J. Hardy
IPC分类号： G01R33/48 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/38 , G01R33/385 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/563
CPC分类号： G01R33/385 , G01R33/3806 , G01R33/285 , G01R33/4804 , G01R33/543 , G01R33/563
摘要： A magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system for use in a medical procedure employs an open main magnet allowing access to a portion of a patient within an imaging volume, for producing a main magnetic field over the imaging volume; a set of open gradient coils which provide magnetic fields gradients over the imaging volume without restricting access to the imaging volume; a radiofrequency coil set for transmitting RF energy into the imaging volume to nutate nuclear spins within the imaging volume and receive an MR response signal from the nuclear spins; and a pointing device for indicating the position and orientation of a plane in which an image is to be acquired; an image control means for operating power supplies for the gradient coils and the RF coils to acquire an MR signal from the desired imaging plane; and a computation unit for constructing an image of the desired imaging plane. The MR imaging system is intended to operate to provide images to a physician during medical procedures to guide the physician in his procedures.
摘要翻译： 用于医疗过程的磁共振（MR）成像系统采用打开的主磁体，其允许进入成像体积内的患者的一部分，用于在成像体积上产生主磁场; 一组开放的梯度线圈，其在成像体积上提供磁场梯度，而不限制对成像体积的访问; 射频线圈组，用于将RF能量传输到成像体积中，以在成像体积内盘旋核自旋，并从核自旋接收MR响应信号; 以及指示装置，用于指示要获取图像的平面的位置和方位; 图像控制装置，用于操作梯度线圈和RF线圈的电源，以从期望的成像平面获取MR信号; 以及用于构造所需成像平面的图像的计算单元。 MR成像系统旨在在医疗程序期间向医生提供图像以在他的程序中指导医师。
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公开(公告)号：US4238757A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-09
申请号：US668584
申请日：1976-03-19
申请人： John F. Schenck
发明人： John F. Schenck
IPC分类号： G01N27/414 , G01N33/543 , H01L29/51 , H01L29/78 , G01N31/00
CPC分类号： H01L29/513 , G01N27/4145 , G01N33/54373 , H01L29/51 , Y10S436/806
摘要： A field effect transistor including conventional source and drain electrodes employs, in the gate region, a layer of antibody specific to a particular antigen. An electrolyte solution such as 0.155 Normal sodium chloride atop the antibody layer provides a predetermined drain current versus drain voltage characteristic for the device. Replacement of the electrolyte solution with another electrolyte solution containing the antigen alters the charge of the protein surface layer due to the antigen-antibody reaction, thus affecting charge concentration in a semiconductor inversion layer in the transistor. The time rate of change of drain current thus provides a measure of the antigenic protein concentration in the replacement solution.
摘要翻译： 包括常规源极和漏极的场效应晶体管在栅极区域中使用特定抗原特异性抗体层。 在抗体层顶上的0.155正常氯化钠的电解质溶液为器件提供了预定的漏极电流与漏极电压特性。 用含有抗原的另一种电解质溶液替代电解质溶液会由于抗原 - 抗体反应而改变蛋白质表面层的电荷，从而影响晶体管中的半导体反转层中的电荷浓度。 因此，漏极电流的时间变化率提供了替代溶液中抗原蛋白浓度的量度。
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公开(公告)号：US4617516A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-14
申请号：US529431
申请日：1983-09-06
申请人： John F. Schenck
发明人： John F. Schenck
CPC分类号： G01R33/385 , Y10S505/844
摘要： A cylindrical coil for providing a magnetic field having a substantially linear gradient in an axial direction within the volume of the cylinder, as can be utilized in NMR apparatus, includes a cylindrical coil support structure and electrically conductive winding turns wound on the outer surface of the support structure. The winding turns are electrically insulated from each other and are located such that the axial density of the winding turns increases linearly from the center of the coil to each axial end thereof. Preferably, the winding turns are located so that the angular position .phi. of the spiral path of the windings on the surface of the cylindrical support structure satisfies the relationship determined by the equation ##EQU1## The coil may also include additional electrically conductive winding turns for compensating for variations in the linearity of the magnetic field gradient which are due to the coil being of finite length. Coils in accordance with the instant invention may be utilized to provide an improved nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and analysis system.
摘要翻译： 在NMR装置中可以使用的用于提供在圆柱体积内具有在轴向方向上具有基本线性梯度的磁场的圆柱形线圈包括圆柱形线圈支撑结构和缠绕在所述圆柱形线圈的外表面上的导电绕组匝 支撑结构。 绕组匝彼此电绝缘并且被定位成使得绕组的轴向密度从线圈的中心线性增加到其每个轴向端。 优选地，绕组匝被定位成使得圆柱形支撑结构的表面上的绕组的螺旋路径的角位置phi满足由公式确定的关系。线圈还可以包括用于补偿的额外的导电绕组匝 对于由于线圈有限长度而导致的磁场梯度的线性的变化。 根据本发明的线圈可用于提供改进的核磁共振成像和分析系统。
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公开(公告)号：US06249121B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09313339
申请日：1999-05-17
申请人： Eddy B. Boskamp , John F. Schenck
发明人： Eddy B. Boskamp , John F. Schenck
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： G01R33/34061 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3678 , G01R33/3806
摘要： The present invention comprises a whole body RF coil system for use with an open magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system. The RF coil system comprises first and second quadrature RF coil sets positioned on opposing sides of an imaging volume. Each RF coil set comprises similarly-structured, multiple RF coils. Each quadrature RF coil comprises a first and second plurality of primary path conductor segments, and first and second return path conductors, symmetrically disposed about a centerline at specified distances. The first and second plurality of primary path conductor segments are positioned in a first plane that is substantially spaced apart from a second plane, further from the imaging volume, containing the first and second return path conductors. The conductors within each of the first and second set of primary path conductor segments are adapted to have a predetermined current amplitude ratio. Upon energization of the first and second RF coil sets in quadrature to generate a circular, polarized B1 field, the positioning of the conductors and the predetermined current amplitude ratio provide a desired homogeneity within the imaging volume and a desired sensitivity drop-off outside of the imaging volume.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括与开放磁共振（MR）成像系统一起使用的全身RF线圈系统。 RF线圈系统包括定位在成像体积的相对侧上的第一和第二正交RF线圈组。 每个RF线圈组包括类似结构的多个RF线圈。 每个正交RF线圈包括第一和第二多个主路径导体段，以及第一和第二返回路径导体，以指定距离对称地设置在中心线附近。 第一和第二多个主路径导体段位于与第二平面基本间隔开的第一平面中，该第二平面与成像体积更远，包含第一和第二返回路径导体。 第一和第二组主要路径导体段内的导体适于具有预定的电流幅度比。 在正交的第一和第二RF线圈组通电以产生圆形的极化B1场时，导体的定位和预定的电流振幅比在成像体积内提供所需的均匀性，并且在 成像体积。
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公开(公告)号：US5561371A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-01
申请号：US534425
申请日：1995-09-27
申请人： John F. Schenck
发明人： John F. Schenck
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/385 , H01F7/20 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/385
摘要： Magnetic field gradient coils, such as those typically employed in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging employ folded loop current paths in which a first section carries current along a path close to an imaging volume. This produces a magnetic field gradient within the imaging volume. A second section, being a further radial distance from the imaging volume, carries current in a return path, in a substantially opposite current direction as the first section, thereby reducing stray magnetic fields outside of the second section. The second preferable has the same current pattern, but is slightly larger to contain magnetic fields at the fringes. A third section connects each turn of the coils in the first section to a corresponding turn of coils in the second section. This third section is disposed in a partially radial direction to connect the first and second sections. The present invention employs the return current, which is typically wasted current, to `shield` the gradient coils, reducing stray magnetic fields outside of the gradient coils, and therefore replace a second layer of `shielding` coils typically used in conventional systems. This results in a great power savings, and increased ability to rapidly change magnetic field gradients, while reducing claustrophobia, acoustic noise and a possibility of nerve stimulation.
摘要翻译： 磁场梯度线圈，例如通常用于磁共振（MR）成像的那些磁场梯度线圈使用折叠环电流路径，其中第一部分沿着接近成像体积的路径传送电流。 这在成像体积内产生磁场梯度。 与成像体积进一步径向距离的第二部分以与第一部分基本上相反的电流方向在返回路径中承载电流，从而减少第二部分外的杂散磁场。 第二个优选具有相同的电流图案，但稍微大于在边缘处包含磁场。 第三部分将第一部分中的线圈的每一圈连接到第二部分中相应的线圈圈。 该第三部分设置在部分径向上以连接第一和第二部分。 本发明采用通常浪费电流的“回流”来“屏蔽”梯度线圈，减少梯度线圈外的杂散磁场，从而代替常规系统中通常使用的第二层“屏蔽”线圈。 这导致了很大的功率节省，并且增加了快速改变磁场梯度的能力，同时减少幽闭恐惧症，声音噪声和神经刺激的可能性。
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