公开(公告)号：US5581192A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

申请号：US350299

申请日：1994-12-06

申请人： John J. Shea ,  James D. B. Smith ,  Karl F. Schoch, Jr.

发明人： John J. Shea ,  James D. B. Smith ,  Karl F. Schoch, Jr.

IPC分类号： H01H29/00 ,  H01H29/06 ,  H01H33/16 ,  H01H71/24 ,  G01R31/00

CPC分类号： H01H29/06 ,  H01H29/004 ,  H01H33/162 ,  H01H71/24

摘要： Novel conductive liquid compositions which have low resistivity when carrying an applied steady-state current (I.sub.Steady-State) but exhibit sharp increases in resistivity when subject to an applied fault current (I.sub.Fault). When used in circuit protection devices, the novel conductive liquid compositions having low resistivity are contained within an elongated flexible tube sealed by electrodes electrically connected to a load of an electrical circuit. The conductive liquid compositions carry an applied normal current under steady-state conditions. The flexible tube is deformed by radial contraction transverse to the direction of current flow and axial expansion, when an excessive current of fault magnitude is sensed by an actuator electrically connected to the electrodes and mechanically connected to the flexible tube to apply a deformation force on the tube, thereby causing the current path of the conductive liquid compositions to have high resistivity in order to limit the let through current to a safe value (I.sub.Limited). When the excessive current is removed, the deformation is correspondingly removed and the conductive liquid composition automatically reverts back to its original low resistivity state. The invention has specific applications as automatically resettable fuses or current limiters.

摘要翻译： 新型导电液体组合物在承载施加的稳态电流（ISteady-State）时具有低电阻率，但在受到施加的故障电流（IFault）时呈现电阻率的急剧增加。 当用于电路保护装置时，具有低电阻率的新型导电液体组合物被包含在由电连接到电路的负载的电极密封的细长柔性管中。 导电液体组合物在稳态条件下携带施加的正常电流。 柔性管通过横向于电流和轴向膨胀方向的径向收缩而变形，当故障幅度的过大电流被电连接到电极的致动器感测并机械地连接到柔性管以在其上施加变形力时 从而导致导电液体组合物的电流路径具有高电阻率，以便将通过电流限制到安全值（ILimited）。 当去除过大的电流时，相应地去除变形，并且导电液体组合物自动地回复到其原始的低电阻率状态。 本发明具有可自动复位的保险丝或电流限制器的具体应用。

公开(公告)号：US5471185A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-28

申请号：US350291

申请日：1994-12-06

申请人： John J. Shea ,  James D. B. Smith ,  Karl F. Schoch, Jr.

发明人： John J. Shea ,  James D. B. Smith ,  Karl F. Schoch, Jr.

IPC分类号： H01H29/00 ,  H01H29/06 ,  H01H71/24

CPC分类号： H01H29/06 ,  H01H29/004 ,  H01H71/24

摘要： The invention provides an electrical circuit protection device using a conductive liquid contained in a flexible tube contacted and sealed at each end by an annular metal electrode capped by a flexible membrane. The flexible tube is further sealed inside a solid insulating tube which contains a ferromagnetic liquid. The ferromagnetic liquid surrounds the flexible tube and remains in intimate contact with the outside of the flexible tube and is connected to a load sensing element which generates a magnetic field in the ferromagnetic fluid in response to excessive currents applied in the current path through the conductive liquid between the electrodes. This assembly is contained inside a tubular resistor. Under normal current conditions, a current flows through the conductive liquid which has relatively low resistivity. Upon a fault condition, a self generated magnetic field from the fault current causes the ferromagnetic fluid to rapidly constrict and pinch off current flow in the conductive liquid by constricting the current path in the liquid through deformation of the flexible capsule, i.e., by radial contraction and axial expansion. The current is then preferably commutated to the cylindrical resistor to limit the let through current to a safe value. Once the fault is limited, the magnetic field is dissipated and the flexible membranes force the conductive liquid and ferromagnetic fluid back to its their original position and the conductive liquid accordingly automatically reverts back to low resistivity for normal current conduction.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种电路保护装置，其使用包含在柔性管中的导电液体，每个端部由柔性膜覆盖的环形金属电极接触和密封。 柔性管进一步密封在含有铁磁性液体的固体绝缘管内。 铁磁液体围绕柔性管并且保持与柔性管的外部紧密接触并且连接到负载感测元件，该负载感测元件响应于在电流路径中施加的过大电流而在铁磁流体中产生磁场，该电流通过导电液体 在电极之间。 该组件包含在管状电阻器内。 在正常电流条件下，电流流过具有较低电阻率的导电液体。 在故障状态下，来自故障电流的自产生的磁场使得铁磁性流体通过使柔性胶囊的变形（即通过径向收缩）收缩液体中的电流路径，迅速收缩并夹紧导电液体中的电流 和轴向膨胀。 然后，电流优选地换向圆柱形电阻器，以将通过电流限制到安全值。 一旦故障受到限制，磁场就会消散，柔性膜会迫使导电液体和铁磁性流体回到其原始位置，导电液体会自动回复到低电阻，以保持正常的电流传导。

公开(公告)号：US6005470A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

申请号：US745386

申请日：1995-07-28

申请人： James D. B. Smith ,  John J. Shea ,  William R. Crooks

发明人： James D. B. Smith ,  John J. Shea ,  William R. Crooks

IPC分类号： H01H85/04 ,  H01H85/157 ,  H01H85/18 ,  H01H85/42 ,  H01H85/38

CPC分类号： H01H85/18 ,  H01H85/42

摘要： A high voltage circuit interrupter has a surface modified pulverulent arc-quenching filler composition, with gas-evolving material is bound to the surfaces of the arc-quenching filler by a binder. The pulverulent arc-quenching filler can be selected from the group of silicas and silicates, preferably sand, mica or quartz. The gas-evolving materials can be selected from the group of melamine, cyanuric acid, melamine cyanurate, guanidine, guanidine carbonate, guanidine acetate, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, guanine, urea, urea phosphate, hydantoin, allantoin, and mixtures and derivatives thereof. The device has a generally tubular casing of electrically insulating material, terminal elements closing the opposite ends of the casing, at least one fuse element conductively interconnecting the terminal elements, a core for supporting the fuse element, extending parallel to the longitudinal axis, and a modified pulverulent arc-quenching filler material inside the casing, in close proximity to the fuse element. The modified pulverulent arc-quenching filler material includes a pulverulent arc-quenching filler, a binder, and a gas-evolving material, and the gas-evolving material is bound to the surfaces of the arc-quenching filler.

摘要翻译： 高压断路器具有表面改性的粉末灭弧填料组合物，气体放出材料通过粘合剂结合到灭弧填料的表面。 粉状灭弧填料可以选自二氧化硅和硅酸盐，优选砂，云母或石英。 气体释放材料可以选自三聚氰胺，氰尿酸，三聚氰胺氰脲酸酯，胍，碳酸胍，乙酸胍，1,3-二苯基胍，鸟嘌呤，尿素，磷酸尿素，乙内酰脲，尿囊素及其混合物和衍生物 。 该装置具有电绝缘材料的大致管状壳体，封闭壳体的相对端的端子元件，至少一个导电互连端子元件的熔丝元件，用于支撑熔丝元件的芯体，平行于纵向轴线延伸，以及 在壳体内部，与保险丝元件紧密接合的改进的粉状灭弧填料。 改性粉末灭弧填料包括粉状灭弧填料，粘合剂和气体放出材料，气体放出材料结合到灭弧填料的表面。

公开(公告)号：US5359174A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

申请号：US114726

申请日：1993-08-31

申请人： James D. B. Smith ,  John J. Shea ,  William R. Crooks ,  Norman Davies

发明人： James D. B. Smith ,  John J. Shea ,  William R. Crooks ,  Norman Davies

IPC分类号： C08K3/28 ,  C08L75/00 ,  C08L75/04 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C09D5/25 ,  C09D133/04 ,  C09D133/08 ,  C09D161/20 ,  C09D161/28 ,  C09D175/00 ,  C09D175/04 ,  H01H33/76 ,  H01H33/04 ,  H01H9/30

CPC分类号： H01H33/76

摘要： Effective arc-quenching is desired for current interrupters as defined to include circuit breakers, contactors, fuses and the like under conditions of operation where an electrical arc is produced that must be quenched to eliminate an undesirable current flow. An improved mode of arc-quenching coatings comprising urethane, melamine and acrylic based resin compositions containing inorganic nitrides such as boron nitride, aluminum nitride and silicon nitride are found to be effective as arc-quenching materials for current interrupters. Other coating compositions comprising urethane, melamine and inorganic nitrides mentioned above and high nitrogen organic compounds such as urea, hydantoin, allantoin, guanidine carbonate, guanine, melamine cyanurate and 1,3-diphenyl guanidine are also found to be effective as arc-quenching materials for current interrupters.

摘要翻译： 对于断电器，接触器，保险丝等在需要电弧消除不期望的电流的电弧的操作条件下，需要有效地消弧。 发现包括氨基甲酸酯，三聚氰胺和含有无机氮化物如氮化硼，氮化铝和氮化硅的丙烯酸类树脂组合物的消弧涂层的改进方式作为电流断路器的消弧材料是有效的。 还发现包含上述氨基甲酸酯，三聚氰胺和无机氮化物以及高氮有机化合物如尿素，乙内酰脲，尿囊素，碳酸胍，鸟嘌呤，三聚氰胺氰尿酸酯和1,3-二苯胍的其它涂料组合物作为灭弧材料是有效的 用于电流断路器。

公开(公告)号：US20130213780A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-22

申请号：US13402239

申请日：2012-02-22

申请人： KENNETH D. KOLBERG ,  Thomas M. Whalen ,  John J. Shea ,  Percy J. Lipsey

发明人： KENNETH D. KOLBERG ,  Thomas M. Whalen ,  John J. Shea ,  Percy J. Lipsey

IPC分类号： H01H1/58

CPC分类号： H01H71/082 ,  H01H9/52 ,  H01H71/1045 ,  H01H2033/6613

摘要： An electrical switching apparatus includes a plurality of poles, each of the poles including a terminal. The terminal of a first one of the poles is proximate the terminal of a second one of the poles. A jumper is electrically connected between the terminal of the first one of the poles and the terminal of the second one of the poles. The jumper includes a plurality of heat transfer members, each of the heat transfer members being separated from others of the heat transfer members.

摘要翻译： 电气开关装置包括多个极，每个极包括端子。 第一极的端子靠近第二极的端子。 一个跳线电连接在第一极的端子和第二极的端子之间。 跳线包括多个传热构件，每个传热构件与传热构件的其它部分分离。

公开(公告)号：US08325467B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-04

申请号：US12947904

申请日：2010-11-17

申请人： John J. Shea ,  Ronald D. Hartzel ,  James E. Smith ,  Paul K. Parker

发明人： John J. Shea ,  Ronald D. Hartzel ,  James E. Smith ,  Paul K. Parker

IPC分类号： H02B1/00 ,  H01H33/08

CPC分类号： H02B13/025 ,  H02B1/20

摘要： An electrical enclosure includes a housing having a first end, an opposite second end, and a plurality of sides disposed therebetween to define an internal volume; an electrical busway having a plurality of electrical bus members; a plurality of phase-to-phase arc length limiters, each of the phase-to-phase arc length limiters being electrically connected to a corresponding one of the electrical bus members, each of the phase-to-phase arc length limiters having a first edge and a second edge, the first edge establishing a first gap to an adjacent one of the phase-to-phase arc length limiters; and a phase-to-ground arc length limiter electrically connected to the housing, the phase-to-ground arc length limiter having a number of members structured to attach an arc, each of the number of members having a number of arc attachment portions establishing a second gap to the second edge of the phase-to-phase arc length limiters.

摘要翻译： 电气外壳包括具有第一端，相对的第二端和设置在其间的多个侧面以限定内部容积的壳体; 具有多个电母线构件的电母线槽; 多个相间电弧长度限制器，所述相间电弧长度限制器中的每一个电连接到相应的一个所述电总线构件，所述相间电弧长度限制器中的每一个具有第一 边缘和第二边缘，所述第一边缘与所述相间电弧长度限制器中的相邻一个建立第一间隙; 以及电连接到所述壳体的相对地电弧长度限制器，所述相对地弧长限制器具有多个构造成附接电弧的构件，所述多个构件中的每一个具有多个弧形附接部分 与相间电弧长度限制器的第二边缘的第二间隙。

公开(公告)号：US07400225B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-15

申请号：US11215268

申请日：2005-08-30

申请人： John J. Shea

发明人： John J. Shea

IPC分类号： H01H37/76 ,  H02H5/04

CPC分类号： H01H37/761 ,  H01H37/08 ,  H01R13/7137

摘要： An electrical distribution device that includes a terminal for providing a connection to a first conductor, a spring mechanism having a first end that is electrically connected to the terminal, and a second conductor electrically connected to one or more internal components of the device. The spring mechanism has a first condition and a second condition. In the first condition, the second end is electrically connected to the second conductor by solder. When the solder melts, the spring mechanism moves from to the second condition in which the second end is no longer electrically connected to the second conductor, thereby protecting the internal components from the fault condition that lead to the overheating. A condition indicator may also be provided for indicating a fault condition.

摘要翻译： 一种配电装置，包括用于提供与第一导体的连接的端子，具有电连接到端子的第一端的弹簧机构和电连接到该装置的一个或多个内部部件的第二导体。 弹簧机构具有第一条件和第二条件。 在第一条件下，第二端通过焊料与第二导体电连接。 当焊料熔化时，弹簧机构从第二状态移动到第二状态，其中第二端不再与第二导体电连接，从而保护内部组件免于导致过热的故障状态。 还可以提供状态指示器来指示故障状况。

公开(公告)号：US07217895B1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-15

申请号：US11481540

申请日：2006-07-06

申请人： John J. Shea ,  Jeffrey A. Miller ,  Brian J. Schaltenbrand

发明人： John J. Shea ,  Jeffrey A. Miller ,  Brian J. Schaltenbrand

IPC分类号： H01H1/22

CPC分类号： H01H1/22 ,  H01H73/04

摘要： A contact assembly for a circuit breaker includes a fixed contact, a movable contact, and a movable contact arm. The movable contact arm includes a first end carrying the movable contact, a second end, and a pivot portion proximate the second end. A moving arm portion extends from the first end toward the pivot portion. The moving arm portion has a width, an upper edge, a lower edge, and a height defined by the distance between the upper edge and the lower edge. In response to a trip condition, the movable contact separates from the fixed contact and the movable contact arm pivots open at an angular opening velocity. The height of the moving arm portion of the movable contact arm is at least four times the width of the moving arm portion, thus minimizing the moment-of-inertia of the movable contact arm, and increasing the angular opening velocity.

摘要翻译： 用于断路器的接触组件包括固定触头，可动触点和可动触头臂。 可移动接触臂包括承载可动触头的第一端，第二端和靠近第二端的枢轴部分。 移动臂部从第一端部向枢轴部延伸。 移动臂部具有由上边缘和下边缘之间的距离限定的宽度，上边缘，下边缘和高度。 响应于跳闸状态，可动触头与固定触点分离，并且可动触头臂以有效的开启速度枢转打开。 可动接触臂的可动臂部分的高度至少是移动臂部分的宽度的四倍，从而使可动接触臂的惯性矩最小化，并且增大了开启速度。

公开(公告)号：US07035068B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-25

申请号：US10729525

申请日：2003-12-05

申请人： John J. Shea

发明人： John J. Shea

IPC分类号： H02H3/00

CPC分类号： H02H1/0023

摘要： An apparatus detects arcing faults at a first wavelength. A light source provides modulated light at a second different wavelength and a first frequency. An optical fiber receives the modulated light and gathers ambient light at both wavelengths. A splitter receives and splits the received light into first and second beams. A first filter extracts from the first beam a first filtered beam including the first wavelength. A first photodetector generates a first electrical signal from the first filtered beam. A second filter extracts from the second beam a second filtered beam excluding the first wavelength. A second photodetector generates a second electrical signal from the second filtered beam. A low pass filter extracts from the second electrical signal a third electrical signal representative of light at the second wavelength excluding the modulated light. A comparator generates an arcing signal when the first electrical signal exceeds the third electrical signal.

摘要翻译： 一种装置检测第一波长的电弧故障。 光源提供第二不同波长和第一频率的调制光。 光纤接收调制光并收集两个波长的环境光。 分离器接收并将接收到的光分解成第一和第二光束。 第一滤波器从第一波束提取包括第一波长的第一滤波波束。 第一光电探测器从第一滤波光束产生第一电信号。 第二滤波器从第二波束提取除第一波长之外的第二滤波波束。 第二光电检测器从第二滤波光束产生第二电信号。 低通滤波器从第二电信号中提取表示除了调制光之外的第二波长的光的第三电信号。 当第一电信号超过第三电信号时，比较器产生电弧信号。

公开(公告)号：US06724604B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US10172208

申请日：2002-06-14

申请人： John J. Shea

发明人： John J. Shea

IPC分类号： H02H300

CPC分类号： H01H79/00 ,  H02H1/0023

摘要： A shorting switch eliminates arcing faults in power distribution equipment. The shorting switch includes a magnetic core having a pin member and an opening. A conductor is electrically connected between the first and second terminals and passes through the opening of the magnetic core. A switch member is pivotally mounted to the pin member of the magnetic core and is adapted to pivot toward and engage the conductor in response to arcing fault current flowing through the conductor. A third terminal is electrically interconnected with the switch member. A latch member has a first position, which holds the switch member apart from the conductor, and a second position, which releases the switch member to permit the switch member to pivot toward the magnetic core and engage the conductor in response to the arcing fault current. A solenoid unlatches the latch member in response to an activation signal.

摘要翻译： 短路开关消除配电设备中的电弧故障。 短路开关包括具有销构件和开口的磁芯。 导体电连接在第一和第二端子之间并穿过磁芯的开口。 开关构件枢转地安装到磁芯的销构件，并且适于响应于流过导体的电弧故障电流而枢转并接合导体。 第三端子与开关构件电互连。 闩锁构件具有将开关构件与导体隔开的第一位置和第二位置，其释放开关构件以允许开关构件响应于电弧故障电流而转向磁芯并接合导体 。 螺线管响应于激活信号而使闩锁部件松开。