摘要:
Radiolabeled tracers for sulfotransferases (SULTs), their synthesis, and their use are provided. Included are substituted phenols, naphthols, coumarins, and flavones radiolabeled with 18F, 123I, 124I, 125I, or 11C. Also provided are in vivo techniques for using these and other tracers as analytical and diagnostic tools to study sulfotransferase distribution and activity, in health and disease, and to evaluate therapeutic interventions.
摘要:
Radiolabeled tracers for sulfotransferases (SULTs), their synthesis, and their use are provided. Included are substituted phenols, naphthols, coumarins, and flavones radiolabeled with 18F, 123I, 124I, 125I, or 11C. Also provided are in vivo techniques for using these and other tracers as analytical and diagnostic tools to study sulfotransferase distribution and activity, in health and disease, and to evaluate therapeutic interventions.
摘要:
A method for labeling &bgr;-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in vivo and in vitro, comprises contacting a compound of formula (I): with mammalian tissue. In formula (I), R1 is selected from the group consisting of —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)O-alkyl, —C(O)O-alkylenyl-R4, —C═C(CN)2-alkyl, —C═C(CN)2-alkylenyl-R4 , R4 is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl and substituted aryl; R5, is a radical selected from the group consisting of —NH2, —OH, —SH, —NH-alkyl, —NHR4, —NH-alkylenyl-R4, —O-alkyl, —O-alkylenyl-R4, —S-alkyl, and —S-alkylenyl-R4; R6 is a radical selected from the group consisting of —CN, —COOH, —C(O)O-alkyl, —C(O)O-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)-halogen, —C(O)NH , —C(O)NH-alkyl, —C(O)NH-alkylenyl-R4; R7 is a radical selected from the group consisting of O, NH, and S; and R8 is N, O or S. R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkylenyl-R10, wherein R10 is selected from the group consisting of —OH, —OTs, halogen, spiperone, spiperone ketal and spiperone-3-yl. Alternatively, R2 and R3 together form a heterocyclic ring, optionally substituted with at least one radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, OH, OTs, halogen, alkylenyl-R10, carbonyl, spiperone, spiperone ketal and spiperone-3-yl. In the compounds of formula (I), one or more of the hydrogen, halogen or carbon atoms can, optionally, be replaced with a radiolabel.
摘要:
Compositions useful for labeling β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are provided. The compositions comprises compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)O-alkyl, —C(O)O-alkylenyl-R4, —C═C(CN)2-alkyl, —C═C(CN)2-alkylenyl-R4, wherein R4 is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl and substituted aryl; R5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of —NH2, —OH, —SH, —NH-alkyl, —NHR4, —NH-alkylenyl-R4, —O-alkyl, —O-alkylenyl-R4, —S-alkyl, and —S-alkylenyl-R4; R6 is a radical selected from the group consisting of —CN, —COOH, —C(O)O-alkyl, —C(O)O-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)-halogen, —C(O)NH-alkyl, —C(O)NH-alkylenyl-R4 and —C(O)NH2; R7 is a radical selected from the group consisting of O, NH, and S; and R8 is N, O or S; and R2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkylenyl-R10 and R3 is alkylenyl-R10, wherein R10 is selected from the group consisting of —OH, —OTs, halogen, spiperone, spiperone ketal, and spiperone-3-yl, or R2 and R3 together form a heterocyclic ring, optionally substituted with at least one radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, OH, OTs, halogen, alkyl-R10, carbonyl, spiperone, spiperone ketal and spiperone-3-yl, and further wherein one or more of the hydrogen, halogen or carbon atoms are optionally replaced with a radiolabel.
摘要:
A method for labeling &bgr;-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in vivo and in vitro, comprises contacting a compound of formula (I): with mammalian tissue. In formula (I), R1 is selected from the group consisting of —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)O-alkyl, —C(O)O-alkylenyl-R4, —C═C(CN)2-alkyl, —C═C(CN)2-alkylenyl-R4, R4 is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl and substituted aryl; R5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of —NH2, —OH, —SH, —NH-alkyl, —NHR4, —NH-alkylenyl-R4, —O-alkyl, —O-alkylenyl-R4, —S-alkyl, and —S-alkylenyl-R4; R6 is a radical selected from the group consisting of —CN, —COOH, —C(O)O-alkyl, —C(O)O-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)-alkylenyl-R4, —C(O)-halogen, —C(O)NH, —C(O)NH-alkyl, —C(O)NH-alkylenyl-R4; R7 is a radical selected from the group consisting of O, NH, and S; and R8 is N, O or S. R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkylenyl-R10, wherein R10 is selected from the group consisting of —OH, —OTs, halogen, spiperone, spiperone ketal and spiperone-3-yl. Alternatively, R2 and R3 together form a heterocyclic ring, optionally substituted with at least one radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, OH, OTs, halogen, alkylenyl-R10, carbonyl, spiperone, spiperone ketal and spiperone-3-yl. In the compounds of formula (I), one or more of the hydrogen, halogen or carbon atoms can, optionally, be replaced with a radiolabel.
摘要:
A modular chemical production system includes multiple modules for performing a chemical reaction, particularly of radiochemical compounds, from a remote location. One embodiment comprises a reaction vessel including a moveable heat source with the position thereof relative to the reaction vessel being controllable from a remote position. Alternatively the heat source may be fixed in location and the reaction vial is moveable into and out of the heat source. The reaction vessel has one or more sealing plugs, the positioning of which in relationship to the reaction vessel is controllable from a remote position. Also the one or more reaction vessel sealing plugs can include one or more conduits there through for delivery of reactants, gases at atmospheric or an elevated pressure, inert gases, drawing a vacuum and removal of reaction end products to and from the reaction vial, the reaction vial with sealing plug in position being operable at elevated pressures. The modular chemical production system is assembled from modules which can each include operating condition sensors and controllers configured for monitoring and controlling the individual modules and the assembled system from a remote position. Other modules include, but are not limited to a Reagent Storage and Delivery Module, a Cartridge Purification Module, a Microwave Reaction Module, an External QC/Analysis/Purification Interface Module, an Aliquotting Module, an F-18 Drying Module, a Concentration Module, a Radiation Counting Module, and a Capillary Reactor Module.
摘要:
Iodylbenzene derivatives substituted with electron donating as well as electron withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring are used as precursors in aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. The iodyl group (IO2) is regiospecifically substituted by nucleophilic fluoride to provide the corresponding fluoroaryl derivatives. No-carrier-added [F-18]fluoride ion derived from anhydrous [F-18](F/Kryptofix, [F-18]CsF or a quaternary ammonium fluoride (e.g., Me4NF, Et4NF, n-Bu4NF, (PhCH2)4NF) exclusively substitutes the iodyl moiety in these derivatives and provides high specific activity F-18 labeled fluoroaryl analogs. Iodyl derivatives of a benzothiazole analog and 6-iodyl-L-dopa derivatives have been synthesized as precursors and have been used in the preparation of no-carrier-added [F-18]fluorobenzothiazole as well as 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dopa.
摘要:
An efficient, regiocontrolled approach to the synthesis of 8-fluoropurines by direct fluorination of purines with dilute elemental fluorine, or acetyl hypofluorite, is provided. In a preferred embodiment, a purine compound is dissolved in a polar solvent and reacted with a dilute mixture of F2 in He or other inert gas.
摘要:
Phenyliodonium ylide derivatives substituted with electron donating as well as electron withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring are shown for use as precursors in aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. The iodonium ylide group is substituted by nucleophiles such as halide ions to provide the corresponding haloaryl derivatives. No-carrier-added [F-18]fluoride ion exclusively substitutes the iodonium ylide moiety in these derivatives and provides high specific activity F-18 labeled fluoro derivatives. Protected L-dopa-6-iodonium ylide derivative have been synthesized as a precursors for the preparation of no-carrier-added 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dopa. The iodonium ylide group in this L-dopa.derivative is nucleophilically substituted by no-carrier-added [F-18]fluoride ion to provide a [F-18]fluoro intermediates which upon acid hydrolysis yielded 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dopa.
摘要:
A protected 6-trimethylstannyl dopa derivative has been synthesized for the as a precursor for the preparation of 6-[.sup.18 F]fluoro-L-dopa. The tin derivative readily reacts with electrophilic radiofluorinating agents such as [.sup.18 F]F.sub.2, [.sup.18 F]OF.sub.2 and [.sup.18 F]AcOF. The [.sup.18 F]fluoro intermediate was easily hydrolyzed with HBr and the product 6-[.sup.18 F]fluoro-L-dopa was isolated after HPLC purification in a maximum radiochemical yield of 23%, ready for human use.