摘要:
Grafted polyamidoamines and grafted polyethyleneimines obtainable by free-radically initiated polymerization of (a) 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinyltriazole, 1-vinylimidazoles, mixtures of said monomers or mixtures of at least one of said monomers with up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of (b) water-soluble or -dispersible polyamidoamines, polyethyleneimines or mixtures thereof in a weight ratio of (a):(b) from 5:95 to 95:5, are useful as dye transfer inhibitors in surfactant-based detergents when included therein in an amount from 0.05 to 10% by weight.
摘要:
There are described the use of copolymers obtainable by free-radically initiated copolymerization of monomer mixtures comprising(a) 60-99% by weight of 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinylimidazole or mixtures thereof,(b) 1-40% by weight of nitrogen-containing, basic ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the form of the free bases, in the form of salts or in quaternized form, and optionally(c) up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers,as detergent additives for inhibiting dye transfer during the wash, detergents which contain such polymers, and polymers which are obtainable by free-radically initiated polymerization of(a) 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinylimidazole, 1-vinylimidazolium compounds, or mixtures thereof, and optionally(b) other nitrogen-containing, basic ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the form of the free bases, in the form of the salts or in quaternized form, and/or(c) other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers,in an aqueous medium in the presence of water-soluble proteins and a process for the preparation of the polymers by polymerising the monomers (a) and optionally (b) and/or (c) in an aqueous medium in the presence of water-soluble proteins using from 0.5 to 400 parts by weight of protein per 100 parts by weight of monomer used in the polymerization.
摘要:
There are described the use of copolymers obtainable by free-radically initiated copolymerization of monomer mixtures comprising (a) 60-99% by weight of 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinyl-imidazole or mixtures thereof, (b) 1-40% by weight of nitrogen-containing, basic ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the form of the free bases, in the form of salts or in quaternized form, and optionally (c) up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, as detergent additives for inhibiting dye transfer during the wash, detergents which contain such polymers, and polymers which are obtainable by free-radically initiated polymerization of (a) 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinylimidazole, 1-vinylimidazolium compounds, or mixtures thereof, and optionally (b) other nitrogen-containing, basic ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the form of the free bases, in the form of the salts or in quaternized form, and/or (c) other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, in an aqueous medium in the presence of water-soluble proteins and a process for the preparation of the polymers by polymerising the monomers (a) and optionally (b) and/or (c) in an aqueous medium in the presence of water-soluble proteins using from 0.5 to 400 parts by weight of protein per 100 parts by weight of monomer used in the polymerization.
摘要:
Copolymers which are obtainable by free radical copolymerization of a mixture of(a) from 20 to 95% by weight of 1-vinylpyrrolidone, a 1-vinylimidazole or a mixture of 1-vinylpyrrolidone and/or 1-vinylimidazoles which may contain up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and(b) from 5 to 80% by weight of water-insoluble polymers which contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and/or one mercapto group in the molecule, processes for the preparation of the copolymers by copolymerization of the compounds of groups (a) and (b) in the abovementioned amounts in water, an alcohol, an ester or a ketone in the presence of free radical initiators, and the use of the copolymers thus obtainable and of copolymers of from 20 to 95% by weight of 1-vinylpyrrolidone or a mixture of 1-vinylpyrrolidone with up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers andfrom 10 to 80% by weight of styrene as additives for detergents for inhibiting the dye transfer during the wash process, and detergents which contain the stated copolymers.
摘要:
Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R is C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 -alkyl and A is a polyalkylene oxide radical composed of from 4 to 30 alkylene oxide units, of which from 100 to 60 mole % are ethylene oxide units and from 0 to 40 mole % are 1,2-propylene oxide units or 1,2-butylene oxide units or a mixture of these.
摘要:
Color-stabilized nonionic surfactants which contain chemically bonded poly(alkylene oxide) groups with terminal hydroxyl groups, wherein the color stabilizer is from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on surfactant, of one or more compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X is O, CH.sub.2, C.sub.2 H.sub.4 or C.sub.3 H.sub.6, Y is O or NH and Z is H, CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.2 OH.
摘要翻译:含有化学键合的具有末端羟基的聚(环氧烷)基团的颜色稳定的非离子表面活性剂,其中颜色稳定剂为基于表面活性剂的0.1至5重量%的一种或多种下式的化合物,其中X 是O,CH 2,C 2 H 4或C 3 H 6,Y是O或NH,Z是H,CH 3或CH 2 OH。
摘要:
The use of polymers which are preparable by reaction of(a) polymers that contain vinylamine units, with(b) compounds that contain aldehyde or keto groups, and optionally(c) NH- and/or OH-containing compoundsand which contain aminal, hemiaminal and/or aminal-acetal structures with or without unconverted vinylamine units, as detergent additive for inhibiting dye transfer during the wash, and polymers containing aminal, hemiaminal and/or aminal-acetal structures, obtainable by reaction of(a) polymers that contain vinylamine units, with(b) compounds that contain aldehyde or keto groups, and(c) NH- and/or OH-containing compounds,and detergents which contain the abovementioned polymers in amounts from 0.05 to 10% by weight.
摘要:
Heterocyclic compounds IR.sup.1 --X--L (I)whereL is a cyclic carbamate residue, a lactonoxy residue or a lactam residue,X is an oxygen-containing group ##STR1## where A is a linker, and R.sup.1 is an organic radical or a group L,are used as activators for inorganic peroxy compounds, in particular as cold bleach activators or optical brighteners in detergents, cleaners and bleaches and in disinfectants.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of copolymers which contain monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids as copolymerized monomer units, which comprises copolymerizinga) 10 to 60% by weight, based on the sum of the monomers, of a monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid of 4 to 6 carbon atoms, -or an alkali metal salt thereof or, an anhydride thereof,b) 90 to 40% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid of 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkali metal salt thereof andc) 0 to 20% by weight of another monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, not having carboxyl groups and which is copolymerizable with a) and b);in an aqueous medium in the presence of from 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on monomers, of a water-soluble initiator.
摘要:
.beta.-Alaninediacetic acid (Ia) or its alkali metal or ammonium salts (Ib) are prepared by a process in which iminodiacetic acid and acrylic acida) for the preparation of Ia, are reacted with one another in a nonbasic aqueous medium andb) for the preparation of Ib, are reacted with one another in an alkaline aqueous medium or an aqueous medium containing a nitrogen base, or the Ia formed in the nonbasic medium is converted with an alkali metal base, ammonia or an amine into Ib.