摘要:
Disclosed herein is an electrode that includes a catalytic layer formed on a substrate coated with a conductive material, wherein the catalytic layer includes vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. A method of manufacturing the electrode and a solar cell comprising the electrode are also described. The electrode has increased surface roughness and a shortened charge transport pathway and, therefore, reduced charge transport resistance. Thus, when the electrode is used in a solar cell, it can improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
摘要:
A tandem photovoltaic device and a method for fabricating the photovoltaic device is disclosed. The tandem photovoltaic device comprises two or more photovoltaic layers laminated to each other, each of which including a semiconductor electrode, an electrolyte layer and a counter electrode. A counter electrode of the upper photovoltaic layer is patterned in a grid shape so as to include a plurality of light-transmitting portions, which permit transmission of light to the lower photovoltaic layer. The tandem photovoltaic device has the advantages of high power conversion efficiency and degree of integration. Advantageously, the tandem photovoltaic device can reduce electric power generation costs.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a method for fabricating a flexible semiconductor electrode including preparing a first substrate having a semiconductor layer disposed on a release layer, forming a second substrate having an adhesive layer disposed on a conductive material-coated flexible substrate, and pressing the first substrate against the second substrate under heat effective to transfer the semiconductor layer from the first substrate to the second substrate. The method allows for a flexible semiconductor electrode to be fabricated at low temperatures in a stable manner, and the flexible semiconductor electrode allows for high photoelectric conversion efficiency in a solar cell.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are a metal oxide paste composition comprising a carboxylic ester dispersant and/or a phosphate dispersant, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor electrode for solar cells using the same. The disclosed metal oxide paste composition improves the dispersibility of metal oxide nanoparticles. Thus, if it is used to manufacture a semiconductor electrode for solar cells, it will allow the increased adsorption of a dye, thus improving the photoelectric efficiency of the resulting solar cell.
摘要:
A semiconductor electrode, a fabrication method thereof and a solar cell including the semiconductor electrode each include a metal oxide layer of metal oxide nanoparticles having dye molecules adsorbed thereon. In the semiconductor electrode of the present invention, the surface of the metal oxide layer is treated with an aromatic or heteroaromatic organic material having an electron-donating group. Thus, since the semiconductor electrode can provide an effect of improving photoelectric efficiency by virtue of an increase in short-circuit photocurrent density and open-circuit voltage, it can be applied to a high efficiency solar cell.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a material, and a solid electrolyte and a photovoltaic device using the same. When the material is used as a hole transporting layer material of the photovoltaic device, the reduction of an electrolytic layer resulting from leakage or volatilization of an electrolytic solution is prevented, thus the battery characteristics, long-term stability, and reliability of the photovoltaic device are improved.
摘要:
A novel electronic system for third-party service portal-initiated garment service bag creation, distribution, volumetrically-standardized pricing, and matchmaking of professional garment cleaning is disclosed. The novel electronic system physically issues and electronically tracks volumetrically-standardized online garment service bags that are shipped to potential customers, who can then utilize such service bags to load garments at volumetrically-standardized fees per service bag and transport to a plurality of independent local garment cleaning service providers subscribed to the third-party service portal. The novel electronic system also enables the plurality of independent local garment cleaning service providers to define and competitively offer garment cleaning service fees that are objectively price-comparable on a price-per-unit bag metric of laundry load due to the volumetric standardization and the pre-distribution of online garment service bags by the third-party service portal, even before the potential customers utilize such service bags to load and ship garments to garment cleaning service providers.
摘要:
A first signal input circuit outputs a first control signal in response to self-refresh and active signals. A second signal input circuit outputs a second control signal in response to the self-refresh and active signals. The power supply circuit applies a first supply voltage to an output terminal in response to the first control signal. An elevated voltage generator generates a elevated voltage by pumping a second supply voltage, and applies the elevated voltage to the output terminal, in response to the first and second control signals.
摘要:
There is provided a vacuum cleaner. The vacuum cleaner includes a dust storing part; a compression passage connecting a motor generating a negative pressure to the dust storing part; a flow passage control unit that controls opening and closing of the compression passage; and a compression unit compressing dust stored in the dust storing part when the compression passage is opened.
摘要:
A gas turbine engine blade having a dovetail with an enhanced surface for durability is disclosed. The blade includes an airfoil section and a dovetail section disposed opposite the airfoil section. The dovetail section has an outer surface, at least a portion of which has residual compressive stresses resulting from a plurality of peening operations. The dovetail section also includes a copper-nickel-indium wear coating layer disposed over the outer surface having residual compressive stresses and a lubricant coating layer disposed over the copper-nickel-indium wear coating layer, wherein the lubricant coating layer is lead-free.