公开(公告)号：US5998012A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US716376

申请日：1996-09-19

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Lothar Weber ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gert Lindemann ,  Harald Neumann ,  Ulrich Eisele

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Lothar Weber ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gert Lindemann ,  Harald Neumann ,  Ulrich Eisele

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  B32B18/00 ,  C04B35/00 ,  C04B41/50 ,  C04B41/87 ,  G01N27/407 ,  B23B17/00

CPC分类号： C04B41/009 ,  B32B18/00 ,  C04B41/5042 ,  C04B41/87 ,  G01N27/4073 ,  G01N27/4075 ,  C04B2237/34 ,  C04B2237/341 ,  C04B2237/343 ,  C04B2237/348 ,  Y10T428/252 ,  Y10T428/256 ,  Y10T428/257

摘要： A ceramic layer system including at least two layers having respective ion conductivities which are substantially different includes a substrate layer composed of a ceramic material and having substantially no ion conductivity; and at least one conducting layer positioned adjacent to the substrate layer, containing coated ceramic particles composed of ceramic particles composed of a ceramic material having no substantial ion conductivity which are coated with a material having a substantial ion conductivity so that each conducting layer of the at least one conducting layer has a continuous phase after sintering composed of the material which has a substantial ion conductivity and so that the at least one conducting layer has an ion conductivity effective to conduct ions. A method of producing a gas sensor for detecting small quantities of at least one gas in gas mixtures includes providing a substrate layer composed of ceramic particles composed of a material having substantially no ion conductivity; applying a layer composed of coated ceramic particles onto the substrate layer, the coated ceramic particles being composed of ceramic particles composed of a material that has no substantial ion conductivity coated with a material which has a substantial ion conductivity at the operating temperature of the gas sensor; applying at least one functional layer onto the layer composed of coated ceramic particles to provide a green body; preheating the green body to remove binding agents, plastifying agents, and any additional organic constituents; and sintering the green body after preheating by heating to a temperature effective to sinter the green body so that the layer comprised of coated ceramic particles has a continuous phase comprised of the material which has a substantial ion conductivity.

公开(公告)号：US5885429A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-23

申请号：US860661

申请日：1997-08-08

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Kurt Schmid ,  Claudio De La Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann ,  Uwe Glanz ,  Stefan Kuschel ,  Ralf Haug ,  Manfred Moser ,  Kurt Bayha ,  Annette Seibold ,  Carmen Schmiedel ,  Reiner Schuetz

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Kurt Schmid ,  Claudio De La Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann ,  Uwe Glanz ,  Stefan Kuschel ,  Ralf Haug ,  Manfred Moser ,  Kurt Bayha ,  Annette Seibold ,  Carmen Schmiedel ,  Reiner Schuetz

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075

摘要： An electrochemical measuring sensor having a solid electrolyte, a first electrode exposed to a gas to be measured and a second electrode exposed to a reference gas, with the electrodes preferably being arranged on opposite sides of the solid electrolyte. At least one of the electrodes (16, 20) is provided with a contouring (24) on its side (22) that is exposed to the gas to be measured or to the reference gas, with the contouring being a trench-shaped groove (26) embossed into the surface of the electrode such that the electrode is pressed into the adjacent solid electrolyte in the region of the groove. According to the method, the embossing is done while the electrode and the solid electrolyte are in the non-sintered state, and the sensor is subsequently sintered.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 01753 Sec。 371日期：1997年8月8日 102（e）日期1997年8月8日PCT提交1996年9月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 17608 日期1997年5月15日具有固体电解质的电化学测量传感器，暴露于待测气体的第一电极和暴露于参考气体的第二电极，电极优选布置在固体电解质的相对侧上。 电极（16,20）中的至少一个在其侧面（22）处设置有暴露于待测量气体或参考气体的轮廓（24），其中轮廓是沟槽形凹槽 26）压印到电极的表面中，使得电极在凹槽的区域中被压入相邻的固体电解质中。 根据该方法，在电极和固体电解质处于非烧结状态下进行压花，随后将传感器烧结。

公开(公告)号：US5545301A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-13

申请号：US360737

申请日：1994-12-23

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Roland Stahl ,  Claudio de la Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Roland Stahl ,  Claudio de la Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： A sensor element for determining concentration of at least one constituent of a gas mixture operates on an electro-chemical measuring process and includes a gas measuring chamber; a pair of electrodes and an electrode chamber located between the pair of electrodes; and a diffusion conduit adjoining the electrode chamber and having a gas input which connects with the gas measuring chamber, having a gas output which connects with the electrode chamber, and having at least one cross-sectional area including a height, w, and a length, L, which height, w, has a preselected minimum value, and which length, L, has a value which is equal to or greater than the preselected minimum value of the height, w. The constituent of the gas mixture has a mean free path length through the sensor element, the gas measuring chamber has a cross-sectional area including a height and a length each of which are at least as large as the minimum height, w, of the diffusion conduit, and the height, w, of respective ones of the at least one cross-sectional area of the diffusion conduit is at least a multiple of the mean free path length of the constituent of the gas mixture to be measured. Advantageously, substantially only gaseous phase diffusion occurs when the predetermined minimum value of the height, w, is at least a multiple of a minimum value of the mean free path length for the gas constituent measured.

摘要翻译： 用于确定气体混合物的至少一种组分的浓度的传感器元件在电化学测量过程中运行，并且包括气体测量室; 位于所述一对电极之间的一对电极和电极室; 以及邻接所述电极室并具有与所述气体测量室连接的气体输入的扩散管道，具有与所述电极室连接的气体输出，并且具有包括高度w和长度的至少一个横截面区域 ，L，其高度w具有预选的最小值，并且长度L具有等于或大于预定的最小值的最小值w的值。 气体混合物的组分具有通过传感器元件的平均自由路径长度，气体测量室具有包括高度和长度的横截面积，每个高度和长度至少与最小高度w一样大， 扩散管道的扩散管道，并且扩散管道的至少一个横截面积中相应的一个的高度w至少为要测量的气体混合物的成分的平均自由程长度的倍数。 有利地，当高度的预定最小值w至少为测量的气体成分的平均自由程长度的最小值的倍数时，基本上仅发生气相扩散。

公开(公告)号：US5476001A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US244660

申请日：1994-06-06

申请人： Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald

发明人： Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/14 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/62 ,  G01N27/417 ,  F02D41/14

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations in gas mixtures, in particular in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor has an oxygen pump cell and a measuring element having a sensitive region. Provided between the pump cell and the gas mixture is a diffusion path in which there are formed an oxygen gradient XO.sub.2 and a gradient X.sub.CO of the gas component to be determined, which extend respectively in opposite directions. The measuring element is positioned relative to the pump cell and the diffusion path in such a way that an excess of oxygen is present on the sensitive region of the measuring element.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 01164 Sec。 371日期：1994年6月6日 102（e）日期1994年6月6日PCT提交1993年12月7日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 15206 日期1997年7月7日。一种用于确定气体混合物，特别是内燃机废气中的气体成分和/或气体浓度的传感器。 传感器具有氧气泵电池和具有敏感区域的测量元件。 提供在泵电池和气体混合物之间的是扩散路径，其中形成分别沿相反方向延伸的要确定的气体成分的氧梯度XO2和梯度XCO。 测量元件相对于泵电池和扩散路径被定位成使得过量的氧存在于测量元件的敏感区域上。

公开(公告)号：US5406246A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-11

申请号：US971778

申请日：1993-02-12

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Harald Neumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Harald Neumann

IPC分类号： G01K7/18 ,  G01K7/22 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/10 ,  H01C1/012

CPC分类号： G01K7/18 ,  Y10T29/49085

摘要： A positive temperature coefficient temperature sensor for use in exhaust-gas systems of internal-combustion engines includes a sensor element having a multilayer laminate composite structure with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, formed by at least two resistor tracks arranged one above another and electrically insulated from one another. One of the layers of the multilayer structure is an insulating ceramic base film, and a first one of the at least two resistor tracks, with a supply lead, is printed onto the insulating ceramic base film. A second one of the at least two resistor tracks is disposed separately on the insulating ceramic base film by means of at least one insulating layer printed above the first one of the at least two resistor tracks. The at least two resistor tracks disposed one above another are connected by a land guided through the at least one insulating layer. A further film is subsequently laminated on the surface of the insulating ceramic base film printed with the at least two resistor tracks. The at least two resistor tracks are hermetically sealed by the laminate composite structure with respect to a gas being measured and environmental air.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00601 Sec。 371日期：1993年2月12日 102（e）日期1993年2月12日PCT 1991年7月25日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 03711 日本3月5日，1992年。用于内燃机废气系统的正温度系数温度传感器包括具有正温度系数热敏电阻的多层层压复合结构的传感器元件，该正温度系数热敏电阻由至少两个电阻轨道排列 一个在另一个之上并且彼此电绝缘。 多层结构的层之一是绝缘陶瓷基膜，并且具有供电引线的至少两个电阻轨道中的第一个被印刷到绝缘陶瓷基膜上。 所述至少两个电阻轨道中的第二个通过至少一个印刷在所述至少两个电阻轨迹中的所述至少两个电阻轨迹上的绝缘层分开设置在所述绝缘陶瓷基底膜上。 一个上面设置的至少两个电阻轨道通过穿过至少一个绝缘层引导的平台连接。 随后，在印刷有至少两个电阻轨道的绝缘陶瓷基底膜的表面上层压另外的膜。 至少两个电阻轨道相对于被测量的气体和环境空气被叠层复合结构气密密封。

公开(公告)号：US5505837A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-09

申请号：US290704

申请日：1994-12-12

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Bernd Schumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Bernd Schumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A sensor arrangement for determining at least one of gas components and gas concentrations of gas mixtures including CO, NO.sub.x and HC in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, includes a measuring element which has a sensitive region; and a pump cell that includes a solid electrolyte and inner and outer pump electrodes which are opposingly disposed at least on the solid electrolyte and which effect an oxygen transfer to the measuring element, wherein the pump cell and the measuring element are spatially separated from one another, are located in different temperature zones during operation of the sensor arrangement, and are connected to one another by a diffusion segment through which oxygen can diffuse from the pump cell to the measuring element.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00289 Sec。 371日期1994年12月12日第 102（e）日期1994年12月12日PCT 1994年3月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 24550 PCT 日期：1994年10月27日。一种用于确定内燃机废气中的CO，NO x和HC气体混合气体组分和气体浓度中的至少一种的传感器装置，包括具有敏感区域的测量元件; 以及泵电池，其包括固体电解质和内部和外部泵电极，所述内部和外部泵电极相对设置在至少在所述固体电解质上并且对所述测量元件进行氧传递，其中所述泵浦单元和所述测量元件在空间上彼此分离 位于传感器装置的操作期间的不同温度区域中，并且通过扩散段彼此连接，通过该扩散段，氧气可以从泵电池扩散到测量元件。

公开(公告)号：US20080269043A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-30

申请号：US11667867

申请日：2005-11-09

申请人： Thomas Wahl ,  Ulrich Eisele ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Bernd Schumann ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Juergen Sindel ,  Stefan Nufer ,  Frank Buse

发明人： Thomas Wahl ,  Ulrich Eisele ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Bernd Schumann ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Juergen Sindel ,  Stefan Nufer ,  Frank Buse

IPC分类号： C04B35/10

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  C04B35/117 ,  C04B2235/3205 ,  C04B2235/3215 ,  C04B2235/3222 ,  C04B2235/3239 ,  C04B2235/3244 ,  C04B2235/3248 ,  C04B2235/3418 ,  C04B2235/3472 ,  C04B2235/447 ,  C04B2235/80 ,  G01N27/4067

摘要： A ceramic insulating material, in particular for sensor elements for determining the concentration of gas components in gas mixtures, is based on an alkaline earth-containing ceramic. The insulating material contains a hexaaluminate of the alkaline earth metal and at least one mixed compound of the alkaline earth metal with an acid oxide, the molar ratio of hexaaluminate to the sum of mixed compounds in the insulating material being 1.3 to 4.0.

摘要翻译： 特别是用于确定气体混合物中气体组分浓度的传感器元件的陶瓷绝缘材料是基于含碱土金属陶瓷的。 绝缘材料包含碱土金属的六铝酸盐和碱土金属与酸性氧化物的至少一种混合化合物，六铝酸盐与绝缘材料中混合化合物的总和的摩尔比为1.3〜4.0。

公开(公告)号：US6018982A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US51099

申请日：1998-05-26

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Anton Hans

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Anton Hans

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4076

摘要： A Lambda probe type gas sensor for use in determining the oxygen content of exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine includes a sensor element of the electrochemical, solid electrolyte, metallic oxide semiconductor or Lambda air-fuel ratio variety, which sensor element is arranged in a metallic housing and is contacted by connecting cables that are brought out of the metallic housing. These connecting cables are each surrounded by cable insulation that is made of PTFE (Polytetra-fluoroethylene). The surface of the cable insulation has, at least in certain areas, a gas-permeable section that allows a reference atmosphere to arrive inside the cable insulation and, from there, in the metallic housing. The gas-permeable section, on the other hand, prevents ingress of liquids such as fuel, condensed water, etc., This is achieved, for example, by an additionally applied, PTFE film that is placed over the gas-permeable section.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE97 / 01562 Sec。 371日期：1998年5月26日 102（e）日期1998年5月26日PCT提交1997年7月24日PCT公布。 第WO98 / 05951号公报 日期1998年2月12日用于确定由内燃机产生的废气的氧含量的λ探针型气体传感器包括电化学，固体电解质，金属氧化物半导体或λ空气燃料比品种的传感器元件，其中 传感器元件布置在金属壳体中并且通过连接从金属壳体外出的电缆而接触。 这些连接电缆各自被由PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）制成的电缆绝缘体包围。 电缆绝缘体的表面至少在某些区域中具有允许参考气氛到达电缆绝缘体内部并且从那里到达金属外壳的透气部分。 另一方面，透气部防止了诸如燃料，冷凝水等的液体的进入，例如通过设置在透气部上的附加的PTFE膜来实现。

公开(公告)号：US5846391A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-08

申请号：US836425

申请日：1997-04-29

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann ,  Anton Hans

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann ,  Anton Hans

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N27/4078

摘要： A seal for a sensor element for a gas sensor for determining the oxygen content in a gas to be measured including exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, the seal including a metallic housing having defined therein a longitudinal bore; a sensor element inserted into the longitudinal bore; and a sealing arrangement provided in the longitudinal bore, surrounding at least a portion of the sensor element, and comprised of at least one seal element comprised of steatite and an additional seal element comprised of boron nitride arranged in contact with one another and in a stack having a side near the gas to be measured so that, when there is one seal element comprised of steatite, the one seal element comprised of steatite is positioned on the side of the stack near the gas to be measured, and so that, when there are two seal elements comprised of steatite, the additional seal element is positioned between the two seal elements comprised of steatite, wherein the at least one seal element comprised of steatite and the additional seal element comprised of boron nitride are inserted into the longitudinal bore of the housing as deformable rings and are pressed-in therein, and wherein, during the pressing-in, the deformable rings are deformed in such a way that the at least one seal element comprised of steatite and the additional seal element comprised of boron nitride are pushed against the sensor element and the housing.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 00567 Sec。 371日期1997年04月29日 102（e）日期1997年4月29日PCT 1996年3月21日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 08542 日期1997年3月6日用于气体传感器的传感器元件的密封件，用于确定包括内燃机废气的待测气体中的氧含量，所述密封件包括金属壳体，其中限定有纵向孔; 插入纵向孔中的传感器元件; 以及设置在所述纵向孔中的密封装置，围绕所述传感器元件的至少一部分，并且包括至少一个由滑石组成的密封元件和由氮化硼组成的另外的密封元件，所述氮化硼彼此接触并且在堆叠 具有靠近要测量的气体的一侧，使得当存在由滑石组成的一个密封元件时，由滑石组成的一个密封元件位于靠近待测量气体的堆叠侧，并且当那里 是由滑石组成的两个密封元件，附加的密封元件位于由滑石组成的两个密封元件之间，其中由滑石组成的至少一个密封元件和由氮化硼组成的另外的密封元件被插入到 壳体作为可变形环并被压入其中，并且其中，在压入期间，可变形环以这样的方式变形，使得至少一个 由滑石组成的气体元件和由氮化硼组成的另外的密封元件被推靠在传感器元件和壳体上。

公开(公告)号：US5795454A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-18

申请号：US569074

申请日：1995-12-04

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Romuald Fries ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann ,  Anton Hans

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Romuald Fries ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann ,  Anton Hans

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/407 ,  F16J15/14

CPC分类号： G01N27/4078 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4077 ,  Y10S277/936 ,  Y10S277/938 ,  Y10S277/939 ,  Y10S277/941 ,  Y10S277/943

摘要： A seal for a sensor element of a gas sensor for determining the oxygen content in gases including exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, which seal seals the sensor element in a longitudinal bore of a housing, the seal including a sealing stack which is positioned within the longitudinal bore of the housing and around the sensor element in use and which is comprised of two sealing bodies and an additional seal positioned between the two sealing bodies. The two sealing bodies are comprised of a pre-sintered ceramic material. The additional seal is comprised of a pre-pressed powder material and has a porosity which is lower than that of the two sealing bodies. The two sealing bodies and the additional seal are compressed together within the longitudinal bore in use, whereby at least the additional seal is deformed so that the sensor element is sealed in a gap-free manner within the longitudinal bore. The pre-pressed powder material of the additional seal may consist essentially of a ductile metal, which may be one of nickel or copper, or graphite which may be fiber-reinforced.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00537 Sec。 371 1995年12月4日第 102（e）日期1995年12月4日PCT 1994年5月11日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 29710 日期1994年12月22日用于确定包括内燃机的废气在内的气体中的氧含量的气体传感器的传感器元件的密封件，该密封件将传感器元件密封在壳体的纵向孔中，所述密封件包括密封件 堆叠，其位于壳体的纵向孔内并且在使用中围绕传感器元件，并且由两个密封体和位于两个密封体之间的附加密封件组成。 两个密封体由预烧结的陶瓷材料组成。 附加密封件由预压粉末材料组成，并且具有低于两个密封体的孔隙率。 两个密封体和附加密封件在使用中在纵向孔内压缩在一起，由此至少附加的密封件变形，使得传感器元件以无间隙的方式密封在纵向孔内。 附加密封件的预压粉末材料可以由可以是镍或铜之一的延性金属或可以是纤维增强的石墨组成。