公开(公告)号：US5545301A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-13

申请号：US360737

申请日：1994-12-23

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Roland Stahl ,  Claudio de la Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Roland Stahl ,  Claudio de la Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： A sensor element for determining concentration of at least one constituent of a gas mixture operates on an electro-chemical measuring process and includes a gas measuring chamber; a pair of electrodes and an electrode chamber located between the pair of electrodes; and a diffusion conduit adjoining the electrode chamber and having a gas input which connects with the gas measuring chamber, having a gas output which connects with the electrode chamber, and having at least one cross-sectional area including a height, w, and a length, L, which height, w, has a preselected minimum value, and which length, L, has a value which is equal to or greater than the preselected minimum value of the height, w. The constituent of the gas mixture has a mean free path length through the sensor element, the gas measuring chamber has a cross-sectional area including a height and a length each of which are at least as large as the minimum height, w, of the diffusion conduit, and the height, w, of respective ones of the at least one cross-sectional area of the diffusion conduit is at least a multiple of the mean free path length of the constituent of the gas mixture to be measured. Advantageously, substantially only gaseous phase diffusion occurs when the predetermined minimum value of the height, w, is at least a multiple of a minimum value of the mean free path length for the gas constituent measured.

摘要翻译： 用于确定气体混合物的至少一种组分的浓度的传感器元件在电化学测量过程中运行，并且包括气体测量室; 位于所述一对电极之间的一对电极和电极室; 以及邻接所述电极室并具有与所述气体测量室连接的气体输入的扩散管道，具有与所述电极室连接的气体输出，并且具有包括高度w和长度的至少一个横截面区域 ，L，其高度w具有预选的最小值，并且长度L具有等于或大于预定的最小值的最小值w的值。 气体混合物的组分具有通过传感器元件的平均自由路径长度，气体测量室具有包括高度和长度的横截面积，每个高度和长度至少与最小高度w一样大， 扩散管道的扩散管道，并且扩散管道的至少一个横截面积中相应的一个的高度w至少为要测量的气体混合物的成分的平均自由程长度的倍数。 有利地，当高度的预定最小值w至少为测量的气体成分的平均自由程长度的最小值的倍数时，基本上仅发生气相扩散。

公开(公告)号：US5885429A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-23

申请号：US860661

申请日：1997-08-08

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Kurt Schmid ,  Claudio De La Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann ,  Uwe Glanz ,  Stefan Kuschel ,  Ralf Haug ,  Manfred Moser ,  Kurt Bayha ,  Annette Seibold ,  Carmen Schmiedel ,  Reiner Schuetz

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Kurt Schmid ,  Claudio De La Prieta ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann ,  Uwe Glanz ,  Stefan Kuschel ,  Ralf Haug ,  Manfred Moser ,  Kurt Bayha ,  Annette Seibold ,  Carmen Schmiedel ,  Reiner Schuetz

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075

摘要： An electrochemical measuring sensor having a solid electrolyte, a first electrode exposed to a gas to be measured and a second electrode exposed to a reference gas, with the electrodes preferably being arranged on opposite sides of the solid electrolyte. At least one of the electrodes (16, 20) is provided with a contouring (24) on its side (22) that is exposed to the gas to be measured or to the reference gas, with the contouring being a trench-shaped groove (26) embossed into the surface of the electrode such that the electrode is pressed into the adjacent solid electrolyte in the region of the groove. According to the method, the embossing is done while the electrode and the solid electrolyte are in the non-sintered state, and the sensor is subsequently sintered.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 01753 Sec。 371日期：1997年8月8日 102（e）日期1997年8月8日PCT提交1996年9月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 17608 日期1997年5月15日具有固体电解质的电化学测量传感器，暴露于待测气体的第一电极和暴露于参考气体的第二电极，电极优选布置在固体电解质的相对侧上。 电极（16,20）中的至少一个在其侧面（22）处设置有暴露于待测量气体或参考气体的轮廓（24），其中轮廓是沟槽形凹槽 26）压印到电极的表面中，使得电极在凹槽的区域中被压入相邻的固体电解质中。 根据该方法，在电极和固体电解质处于非烧结状态下进行压花，随后将传感器烧结。

公开(公告)号：US5476001A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US244660

申请日：1994-06-06

申请人： Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald

发明人： Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Werner Gruenwald

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/14 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/62 ,  G01N27/417 ,  F02D41/14

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A sensor for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations in gas mixtures, in particular in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor has an oxygen pump cell and a measuring element having a sensitive region. Provided between the pump cell and the gas mixture is a diffusion path in which there are formed an oxygen gradient XO.sub.2 and a gradient X.sub.CO of the gas component to be determined, which extend respectively in opposite directions. The measuring element is positioned relative to the pump cell and the diffusion path in such a way that an excess of oxygen is present on the sensitive region of the measuring element.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 01164 Sec。 371日期：1994年6月6日 102（e）日期1994年6月6日PCT提交1993年12月7日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 15206 日期1997年7月7日。一种用于确定气体混合物，特别是内燃机废气中的气体成分和/或气体浓度的传感器。 传感器具有氧气泵电池和具有敏感区域的测量元件。 提供在泵电池和气体混合物之间的是扩散路径，其中形成分别沿相反方向延伸的要确定的气体成分的氧梯度XO2和梯度XCO。 测量元件相对于泵电池和扩散路径被定位成使得过量的氧存在于测量元件的敏感区域上。

公开(公告)号：US5998012A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US716376

申请日：1996-09-19

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Lothar Weber ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gert Lindemann ,  Harald Neumann ,  Ulrich Eisele

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Lothar Weber ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gert Lindemann ,  Harald Neumann ,  Ulrich Eisele

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  B32B18/00 ,  C04B35/00 ,  C04B41/50 ,  C04B41/87 ,  G01N27/407 ,  B23B17/00

CPC分类号： C04B41/009 ,  B32B18/00 ,  C04B41/5042 ,  C04B41/87 ,  G01N27/4073 ,  G01N27/4075 ,  C04B2237/34 ,  C04B2237/341 ,  C04B2237/343 ,  C04B2237/348 ,  Y10T428/252 ,  Y10T428/256 ,  Y10T428/257

摘要： A ceramic layer system including at least two layers having respective ion conductivities which are substantially different includes a substrate layer composed of a ceramic material and having substantially no ion conductivity; and at least one conducting layer positioned adjacent to the substrate layer, containing coated ceramic particles composed of ceramic particles composed of a ceramic material having no substantial ion conductivity which are coated with a material having a substantial ion conductivity so that each conducting layer of the at least one conducting layer has a continuous phase after sintering composed of the material which has a substantial ion conductivity and so that the at least one conducting layer has an ion conductivity effective to conduct ions. A method of producing a gas sensor for detecting small quantities of at least one gas in gas mixtures includes providing a substrate layer composed of ceramic particles composed of a material having substantially no ion conductivity; applying a layer composed of coated ceramic particles onto the substrate layer, the coated ceramic particles being composed of ceramic particles composed of a material that has no substantial ion conductivity coated with a material which has a substantial ion conductivity at the operating temperature of the gas sensor; applying at least one functional layer onto the layer composed of coated ceramic particles to provide a green body; preheating the green body to remove binding agents, plastifying agents, and any additional organic constituents; and sintering the green body after preheating by heating to a temperature effective to sinter the green body so that the layer comprised of coated ceramic particles has a continuous phase comprised of the material which has a substantial ion conductivity.

公开(公告)号：US5505837A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-09

申请号：US290704

申请日：1994-12-12

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Bernd Schumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Bernd Schumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A sensor arrangement for determining at least one of gas components and gas concentrations of gas mixtures including CO, NO.sub.x and HC in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, includes a measuring element which has a sensitive region; and a pump cell that includes a solid electrolyte and inner and outer pump electrodes which are opposingly disposed at least on the solid electrolyte and which effect an oxygen transfer to the measuring element, wherein the pump cell and the measuring element are spatially separated from one another, are located in different temperature zones during operation of the sensor arrangement, and are connected to one another by a diffusion segment through which oxygen can diffuse from the pump cell to the measuring element.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00289 Sec。 371日期1994年12月12日第 102（e）日期1994年12月12日PCT 1994年3月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 24550 PCT 日期：1994年10月27日。一种用于确定内燃机废气中的CO，NO x和HC气体混合气体组分和气体浓度中的至少一种的传感器装置，包括具有敏感区域的测量元件; 以及泵电池，其包括固体电解质和内部和外部泵电极，所述内部和外部泵电极相对设置在至少在所述固体电解质上并且对所述测量元件进行氧传递，其中所述泵浦单元和所述测量元件在空间上彼此分离 位于传感器装置的操作期间的不同温度区域中，并且通过扩散段彼此连接，通过该扩散段，氧气可以从泵电池扩散到测量元件。

公开(公告)号：US5406246A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-11

申请号：US971778

申请日：1993-02-12

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Harald Neumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Harald Neumann

IPC分类号： G01K7/18 ,  G01K7/22 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/10 ,  H01C1/012

CPC分类号： G01K7/18 ,  Y10T29/49085

摘要： A positive temperature coefficient temperature sensor for use in exhaust-gas systems of internal-combustion engines includes a sensor element having a multilayer laminate composite structure with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, formed by at least two resistor tracks arranged one above another and electrically insulated from one another. One of the layers of the multilayer structure is an insulating ceramic base film, and a first one of the at least two resistor tracks, with a supply lead, is printed onto the insulating ceramic base film. A second one of the at least two resistor tracks is disposed separately on the insulating ceramic base film by means of at least one insulating layer printed above the first one of the at least two resistor tracks. The at least two resistor tracks disposed one above another are connected by a land guided through the at least one insulating layer. A further film is subsequently laminated on the surface of the insulating ceramic base film printed with the at least two resistor tracks. The at least two resistor tracks are hermetically sealed by the laminate composite structure with respect to a gas being measured and environmental air.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00601 Sec。 371日期：1993年2月12日 102（e）日期1993年2月12日PCT 1991年7月25日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 03711 日本3月5日，1992年。用于内燃机废气系统的正温度系数温度传感器包括具有正温度系数热敏电阻的多层层压复合结构的传感器元件，该正温度系数热敏电阻由至少两个电阻轨道排列 一个在另一个之上并且彼此电绝缘。 多层结构的层之一是绝缘陶瓷基膜，并且具有供电引线的至少两个电阻轨道中的第一个被印刷到绝缘陶瓷基膜上。 所述至少两个电阻轨道中的第二个通过至少一个印刷在所述至少两个电阻轨迹中的所述至少两个电阻轨迹上的绝缘层分开设置在所述绝缘陶瓷基底膜上。 一个上面设置的至少两个电阻轨道通过穿过至少一个绝缘层引导的平台连接。 随后，在印刷有至少两个电阻轨道的绝缘陶瓷基底膜的表面上层压另外的膜。 至少两个电阻轨道相对于被测量的气体和环境空气被叠层复合结构气密密封。

公开(公告)号：US07083710B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-01

申请号：US10169235

申请日：2000-12-14

申请人： Heiner Scheer ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann ,  Josef Hickl ,  Thomas Wahl ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann ,  Lothar Diehl ,  Jurgen Karle ,  Hans-Joerg Renz

发明人： Heiner Scheer ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann ,  Josef Hickl ,  Thomas Wahl ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann ,  Lothar Diehl ,  Jurgen Karle ,  Hans-Joerg Renz

IPC分类号： G01N27/409

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  Y10T29/417

摘要： The reference air channel of a gas sensor or a lambda probe having a laminate body produced by printing technology is provided. The laminate body is produced by printing a suitably structured layer onto a neighboring layer, for example, by screen printing.

公开(公告)号：US20070246358A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-25

申请号：US11628700

申请日：2005-04-27

申请人： Jens Schneider ,  Detlef Heimann ,  Thomas Wahl ,  Thomas Egner ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann ,  Andreas Schaak

发明人： Jens Schneider ,  Detlef Heimann ,  Thomas Wahl ,  Thomas Egner ,  Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann ,  Andreas Schaak

IPC分类号： G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： A sensor element is described for determining a physical property of a measuring gas, in particular the pressure or the concentration of a gas component in a gas mixture, in particular in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The sensor element has an electrode exposed to the measuring gas and a reference electrode exposed to a reference gas, ambient air in particular, through a porous volume. The two electrodes are separated from one another by a solid electrolyte. To avoid premature aging of the reference electrode as a result of deposits of foreign substances contained in the reference gas or of chemical interactions caused by the foreign substances, the volume material is selected with respect to its physical and chemical properties in such a way that the foreign substances are bound in the volume and/or are subjected to a chemical reaction.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于确定测量气体的物理性质的传感器元件，特别是气体混合物中的气体组分的压力或浓度，特别是在内燃机的排气中。 传感器元件具有暴露于测量气体的电极和暴露于参考气体的参考电极，特别是通过多孔体积的环境空气。 两个电极通过固体电解质彼此分离。 为了避免参考电极因包含在参考气体中的外来物质的沉积物或由外来物质引起的化学相互作用而引起的参考电极的过早老化，相对于其物理和化学性质选择体积材料，使得 异物结合体积和/或经受化学反应。

公开(公告)号：US06964733B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-15

申请号：US09176124

申请日：1998-10-21

申请人： Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann

发明人： Gerhard Schneider ,  Harald Neumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/41

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： A planar sensor element for determining gas components, which includes a layer structure with a heating element integrated therein with a layer-shaped heating conductor. The heating conductor is arranged in a layer plane of the layer structure so that an at least approximately homogeneous distribution of the heating power of the heating element over the cross-section of the layer structure is obtained.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定气体组分的平面传感器元件，其包括具有与层状加热导体集成在其中的加热元件的层结构。 加热导体布置在层结构的层平面中，使得获得加热元件的加热功率在层结构的横截面上的至少近似均匀的分布。

公开(公告)号：US5902470A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-11

申请号：US952204

申请日：1997-11-07

申请人： Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann

发明人： Gerhard Schneider ,  Hans-Joerg Renz ,  Harald Neumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  F01N13/08 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N27/4067

摘要： The invention relates to a sensor element, particularly for an electrochemical measuring sensor, for determining the oxygen content of gases, having a first electrode, which is exposed to a gas to be measured, a second electrode, which is exposed to a reference gas, a heating device for the sensor element and a reference gas conduit extending between the heating device and the second electrode.It is provided that the reference gas conduit (20) is configured so as to be branched at least in the region of the heating device (30).

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 02031 Sec。 371日期：1997年11月7日 102（e）1997年11月7日PCT PCT 1996年10月23日PCT公布。 出版物WO97 / 33163 日期1997年9月12日本发明涉及一种传感器元件，特别是用于电化学测量传感器，用于确定气体的氧含量，具有暴露于待测气体的第一电极，暴露于第二电极 参考气体，用于传感器元件的加热装置和在加热装置和第二电极之间延伸的参考气体导管。 设置参考气体导管（20）至少在加热装置（30）的区域中分支。