摘要:
An electronic memory device for storing data comprises a memory cell array arranged in at least one memory bank and comprising memory cells in which information is stored. The electronic memory device further comprises word lines and bit lines for addressing and reading the memory cells of the memory cell array. The word lines are configured to refresh in a refresh mode the information stored in the memory cells of the memory cell area by applying a predetermined activation potential at a predetermined refresh rate to the word lines. All word lines of the memory bank which do not have a common bit line are activated simultaneously in the refresh mode.
摘要:
A method for predicting a development over time of a system quantity (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) of a system (2), to which a number of system quantities (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) are assigned, a sequence of one of the system quantities (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) in each case being characterized by at least one event, wherein a delay of the at least one event is detected. On this basis, at least one actual value (I) over time for at least one event of at least one system quantity (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) is calculated within one measurement period to be predicted. The present invention makes it possible to provide a prediction of the system (2) or of one or a plurality of system quantities (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) based on flexible measurement periods. A future development of the system (2) or of the at least one system quantity (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) may not only be estimated roughly but instead may be calculated reliably under consideration of measurable data. The method makes reliable planning for future sequences of the at least one system quantity (WP, 41, 42, 43, 44, 6) and even of the entire system (2) possible.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus for testing an SDRAM are described. The SDRAM is used as a main memory in the PC, and an additional circuit configuration is accommodated on a plug-in board and has an additional memory in the form of an SRAM and logic circuits. The method according to the invention allows the SDRAM to be tested in a module bank in the running PC to be set deliberately to a test mode. In this case the code for test mode activation is modified by a high-level language program (PASCAL) in accordance with the user requirements, is copied to the additional memory on the plug-in board, and is then called by the high-level language program using MS DOS. After activation of the selected test mode by a code programmed in Assembler, a defined jump is made back to the calling program once again. This allows the use of the test mode provided in the SDRAM in standard PCs and using standard operating systems. This greatly increases the test options for SDRAMs on standard PCs.
摘要:
Signal transit times on printed circuit boards which are equipped with all the passive components but without any active components can be determined using automatic standard test equipment composed of a standard test unit and a performance board with fittings attached thereto. In that first, using a standard routine of the test unit, a transit time is measured on the performance board from the CIF connector as far as the fitting, then a printed circuit board is plugged into the fitting location determined for it and then the sum transit time of the CIF connector is measured as far as the landing pad on the printed circuit board. By forming differences between the two measured values, the transit times on a printed circuit board can be measured with a high degree of precision with the automatic standard test equipment used in standard module testing technology.
摘要:
In a method for producing a multilayer circuit, it is possible to produce capacitor structures including electrodes and a dielectric arranged in between. By pressing the capacitor structures into a ceramic layer, it is possible to produce a high-quality capacitor inside the multilayer circuit.
摘要:
A device for applying a treatment medium, especially in foam form, to a running web of material, especially a rug web, with an application beam extending transversely to the web of material, the application beam having a longitudinal slot, through which the treatment medium emerges onto the web of material. On the side opposite the slot an elastic cushion which presses the web of material against the sliding surface of the application beam is arranged on the back of the web of material. The cushion may be an inflatable elastic hollow body or a foam material cushion.
摘要:
In a device for the storage and reaction treatment of textile material in web form for continuous passage which includes a cylinder, a transporting device for transporting the textile material onto the surface of the cylinder in the circumferential direction thereof, a pleating device for pleating the textile material in several layers with folds parallel to the axis of the cylinder onto the top of the cylinder, a depositing device arranged underneath the cylinder, and a pulling off device for pulling the textile material off at a point following the lower crest of the cylinder in the travel direction, dissolving the folded layers, the velocities of the transporting device and the pleating device and the stroke of the pleating device are controlled such that the folded layers extend at least one-third on both sides of the upper crests of the cylinder and that the length of a folded layer from one fold to another fold is one-quarter to one-half of the cylinder circumference, and that the folded layers cover each other on at least two-thirds of their length.
摘要:
The invention relates to a press-in pin (1, 2) for an electrical press-in connection between an electronic component (3) and a substrate plate (4) with an electrical contact hole (5). The press-in pin (1, 2) has a press-in pin head (6) which has a press-in head length (1K) which is matched to a thickness (d) of the substrate plate (4). A press-in pin leg (7) extends between the electronic component (3) and the press-in pin head (6). A press-in pin collar (13) forms a transition between the press-in pin leg (7) and the press-in pin head (6) and has a locking projection (14). The press-in pin head (6) is coated with a layer (20) of a lead-free tin alloy (15). At least the press-in pin collar (13) with the locking projection (14) has an electrically insulating coating (16).
摘要:
A control device module for a motor vehicle includes a control device that has a closed housing in which a first internal pressure prevails, and at least one connecting device for coupling a connecting element of an electrical cable. A closed space is defined in the coupled state between the connecting device and the connecting element, in which closed space a second internal pressure prevails. The control device also includes a pressure compensating device for adapting the first and second internal pressures to an external pressure that acts on the control device module from outside.
摘要:
The invention provides a test apparatus for testing a circuit unit (101) to be tested having a test system (100), a control bus (102) for transferring control data (106), an address bus (103) for transferring addressing data (107) and a data bus (104) for exchanging test data (108) between the test system (100) and the circuit unit (101) to be tested. A voltage generating device (200) connected between the test system (100) and the circuit unit (101) to be tested serves for generating a predeterminable operating voltage output signal (202, 202a-202n) for the voltage supply of the circuit unit (101) to be tested in a manner dependent on a control signal (211) that is provided by the test system (100) and fed via the control bus (102).