摘要:
In each node of an optical transmission system: an optical preamplifier has an ALC function for maintaining an optical output level constant and an AGC function for maintaining the gain constant; the operational mode of the optical preamplifier is changed from an ALC mode to an AGC mode after the gain is set in the ALC mode; an optical postamplifier has an AGC function; an optical switch unit performs an optical crossconnect operation; and a thru-light-shutoff control unit makes a switch setting so as to shut off pass-through light in the optical switch unit and stop transmission of an optical signal having an unstable level to a next stage when the optical preamplifier operates in the ALC mode, and clears the switch setting when the operational mode of the optical preamplifier is changed to the AGC mode.
摘要:
The gain control circuit controls the amplification ratio of EDFA based on the results of having measured the input power monitor which monitors the EDFA input optical level which amplifies light and of having measured the output power monitor which monitors the output optical level. The optical pre-amplifier receives a notice of the number of wavelengths from a fore node and a notice of whether the optical post-amplifier of a fore node is in normal operation by a supervisory control signal, and changes over the gain control circuit to either the ALC or AGC mode. When the number of wavelengths changes while the optical pre-amplifier is operating in the ALC mode, the optical pre-amplifier is controlled in the AGC mode using the backed-up amplifier gain. Also, the gain value when the optical pre-amplifier is in routine operation is backed up in an amplifier gain back-up unit and an back-up unit.
摘要:
A WDM optical transmission apparatus is disclosed utilizing ASE light. The WDM optical transmission apparatus includes a pre-amplifier having two control modes consisting of ALC mode in which the gain of an optical amplifier is controlled such that the total output of the optical amplifier is constant for a multiplexed wavelength number n, and of AGC mode which is a control mode maintaining constant the ratio of an optical input level to an optical output level for the multiplexed wavelength number n; and a post-amplifier having two control modes consisting of ASE mode in which the gain of the post-amplifier is set higher than that in the AGC mode and is set such that the output level of ASE light corresponds to the multiplexed wavelength number n, and of the AGC mode; wherein in the ASE mode, the gain of the pre-amplifier in the WDM optical transmission apparatus at the next node is set under an ALC control utilizing ASE light output from the post-amplifier.
摘要:
The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus that allow production of metal plate chip resistors having a relatively low resistance with high accuracy and yield through simple process. The object is achieved by apparatus for manufacturing metal plate chip resistors including cutting mold for cutting intermediate product strip transversely to obtain worked product chip, ohm meter for measuring the resistance of the worked product chip, control device having a calculating part for performing a calculation using the resistance measured by the ohm meter to work out a width in which the strip is to be cut transversely so as to obtain a worked product chip of a desired resistance, and cutting width adjustor for making an adjustment so that the strip is to be cut transversely in the width obtained from the calculating part.
摘要:
The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus that allow production of metal plate chip resistors having a relatively low resistance with high accuracy and yield through simple process. The object is achieved by apparatus 10 for manufacturing metal plate chip resistors including cutting mold 21 for cutting intermediate product strip 14 transversely to obtain worked product chip 16a, ohm meter 22 for measuring the resistance of the worked product chip 16a, control device 23 having a calculating part for performing a calculation using the resistance measured by the ohm meter 22 to work out a width in which the strip 14 is to be cut transversely so as to obtain a worked product chip of a desired resistance, and cutting width adjusting means 26, 27 for making an adjustment so that the strip 14 is to be cut transversely in the width obtained from the calculating part.
摘要:
A motorcycle includes a combustion engine (E) of a type, in which a cylinder block (34) protrudes upwardly from a crankcase (32), an air cleaner unit (42) for substantially purifying an air, and a supercharger (44) for taking a substantially purified air from the air cleaner unit (42) thereinto and supplying the air towards the combustion engine (E). The supercharger (44) is disposed rearwardly of the cylinder block (34) and the air cleaner unit (42) is disposed rearwardly thereof. Also, a surge tank (48) is disposed rearwardly upwardly of the cylinder block (34) of the combustion engine (E) and above the supercharger (44).
摘要:
An output signal characteristic of a differential amplifier circuit is improved. When an input data signal becomes ‘Low’, current flowing through a first transistor will decrease and potential at a connection (a node) between a first resistor and a second resistor will increase. This potential is input (negatively fed back) to the gate of a second transistor, and because this gate potential increases, a tail current amount is adjusted in an increasing direction. When the input data signal becomes ‘High’, the current of the first transistor increases and thus the potential at the node decreases. Thus, the gate potential (negative feedback) of the second transistor decreases, and the tail current amount is adjusted in a decreasing direction. Thus, in the rising and falling of an input waveform, the difference in a delay time with respect to the output waveform decreases, respectively.
摘要:
In reacting an anthranilic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1), especially the anthranilic acid derivative selected from anthranilic acid, anthranilamide and anthranilate, with formamide, the reaction is attained under the condition of coexistence of acetic acid and a base as a catalyst in the reaction liquid, and it has made it possible to produce a quinazolin-4-one derivative represented by the general formula (2) and useful as a material for medicine intermediates, at high yield with no side production.
摘要:
In a level conversion circuit mounted in an integrated circuit device using a plurality of high- and low-voltage power supplies, the input to the differential inputs are provided. In a level-down circuit, MOS transistors that are not supplied with 3.3 V between the gate and drain and between the gate and source use a thin oxide layer. In a level-up circuit, a logic operation function is provided.
摘要:
The present invention comprises a CHA 110 which transmits/receives data to/from an external device, a DKA 140 which transmits/receives data to/from an HDD unit 200, a primary cache unit 120 which has a primary cache memory 124, a secondary cache unit 130 which is installed between the primary cache unit 120 and the DKA 140 and has a secondary cache memory 134, a CCP 121 which stores write target data received by the CHA 110 in the primary cache memory 124, and a CCP 131 which stores the write target data in the secondary cache memory 134, and transfers the write target data stored in the secondary cache memory 134 to the DKA 140.