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公开(公告)号：US06265190B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09389641
申请日：1999-09-02
IPC分类号： C12P746
CPC分类号： C12P7/46 , Y10S435/822
摘要： A highly efficient process for the production and recovery of pure succinic acid from a succinate salt that involves minimal use of additional reagents, and produces virtually no waste by-products, and permits internal recycle of the base and acid values, is provided. The method involves the formation of diammonium succinate, either by using an ammonium ion based material to maintain neutral8 pH in the fermenter or by substituting the ammonium cation for the cation of the succinate salt created in the fermenter. The diammonium succinate can then be reacted with a sulfate ion, such as by combining the diammonium succinate with ammonium bisulfate and/or sulfuric acid at sufficiently low pH to yield succinic acid and ammonium sulfate. The ammonium sulfate is advantageously cracked thermally into ammonia and ammonium bisulfate. The succinic acid can be purified with a methanol dissolution step. Various filtration, reflux and reutilization steps can also be employed.
摘要翻译： 提供了从琥珀酸盐生产和回收纯琥珀酸的高效方法，其涉及最少使用另外的试剂，并且几乎不产生废物副产物，并且允许碱的内部循环和酸值。 该方法包括通过使用铵离子基材料在发酵罐中保持中性8 pH或通过用铵阳离子代替在发酵罐中产生的琥珀酸盐的阳离子来形成琥珀酸二铵。 然后可以将琥珀酸二铵与硫酸根离子反应，例如通过在足够低的pH下将琥珀酸二铵与硫酸氢铵和/或硫酸组合以产生琥珀酸和硫酸铵。 硫酸铵有利地热裂解成氨和硫酸氢铵。 琥珀酸可以用甲醇溶解步骤纯化。 也可以使用各种过滤，回流和再利用步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US5958744A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US134061
申请日：1998-08-13
IPC分类号： C12P20060101 , C12P7/46 , C12P1/04 , C12P1/20
CPC分类号： C12P7/46 , Y10S435/822
摘要： A highly efficient process for the production and recovery of pure succinic acid from a succinate salt that involves minimal use of additional reagents, and produces virtually no waste by-products, and permits internal recycle of the base and acid values, is provided. The method involves the formation of diammonium succinate, either by using an ammonium ion based material to maintain neutral8 pH in the fermenter or by substituting the ammonium cation for the cation of the succinate salt created in the fermenter. The diammonium succinate can then be reacted with a sulfate ion, such as by combining the diammonium succinate with ammonium bisulfate and/or sulfuric acid at sufficiently low pH to yield succinic acid and ammonium sulfate. The ammonium sulfate is advantageously cracked thermally into ammonia and ammonium bisulfate. The succinic acid can be purified with a methanol dissolution step. Various filtration, reflux and reutilization steps can also be employed.
摘要翻译： 提供了从琥珀酸盐生产和回收纯琥珀酸的高效方法，其涉及最少使用另外的试剂，并且几乎不产生废物副产物，并且允许碱的内部循环和酸值。 该方法包括通过使用铵离子基材料在发酵罐中保持中性8 pH或通过用铵阳离子代替在发酵罐中产生的琥珀酸盐的阳离子来形成琥珀酸二铵。 然后可以将琥珀酸二铵与硫酸根离子反应，例如通过在足够低的pH下将琥珀酸二铵与硫酸氢铵和/或硫酸组合以产生琥珀酸和硫酸铵。 硫酸铵有利地热裂解成氨和硫酸氢铵。 琥珀酸可以用甲醇溶解步骤纯化。 也可以使用各种过滤，回流和再利用步骤。
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3.发明授权Environmentally benign, non-toxic, non-corrosive engine coolant/antifreeze 有权环保良好，无毒，无腐蚀性的发动机冷却液/防冻液公开(公告)号：US06846431B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10746096
申请日：2003-12-26
CPC分类号： C09K5/20
摘要： A liquid antifreeze which is produced from renewable resources, and which is biodegradable, non-toxic, and is non-corrosive to engines is provided. The liquid antifreeze composition for use as an engine coolant in a dilute or concentrate form comprises a water soluble salt of succinic acid, a water soluble salt of acetic acid, ethanol, and water, wherein the composition has a freezing point of greater than −30° C. in the engine. A method for cooling an engine with a cooling system which comprises the coolant compositions is also provided.
摘要翻译： 提供由可再生资源生产并且是可生物降解的，无毒的并且对发动机不具有腐蚀性的液体防冻剂。 用作稀释或浓缩形式的发动机冷却剂的液体防冻组合物包含琥珀酸的水溶性盐，乙酸，乙醇和水的水溶性盐，其中所述组合物的凝固点大于-30 在发动机中。 还提供了一种用包括冷却剂组合物的冷却系统冷却发动机的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06623657B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-23
申请号：US10125147
申请日：2002-04-18
IPC分类号： C09K318
摘要： Deicing compositions are provided for removing ice from a surface which include either succinic acid or succinic anhydride, or both, and a neutralizing base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or ammonium hydroxide wherein the deicing compositions when mixed with water produce succinate salts in a reaction that rapidly releases sufficient heat to melt the ice on the surface and the succinate salts act as a deicer and freezing point depressant. In particular embodiments, the deicing compositions further include a glycol which inhibits reformation of the ice on the deiced surface. The deicing compositions are suitable and effective for airport applications in which corrosion of aircraft alloys and concrete runways are of concern.
摘要翻译： 提供了除冰组合物用于从包括琥珀酸或琥珀酸酐或二者的表面除去冰，以及中和碱如氢氧化钠，氢氧化钾或氢氧化铵，其中除冰组合物与水混合时产生琥珀酸盐 快速释放足够的热量以融化表面上的冰的反应，琥珀酸盐作为除冰剂和凝固点抑制剂。 在具体实施方案中，除冰组合物还包括抑制冰在切面上重新形成的二醇。 除冰组合物对于飞机合金和混凝土跑道的腐蚀是关注的机场应用是合适的和有效的。
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公开(公告)号：US06635188B1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-21
申请号：US10124979
申请日：2002-04-18
IPC分类号： C09K318
摘要： Deicing and anti-icing compositions comprising a succinate salt and at least one freezing point depressant selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, monomethyl or monoethyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, and mixtures thereof. The compositions have enhanced ice-melting capacity compared to the ice-melting capacity of the succinate salt or the alcohol alone, particularly at temperatures below about −10° C. The compositions are particularly useful as a windshield deicer/washer. Particular embodiments of the compositions are environmentally friendly.
摘要翻译： 包含琥珀酸盐和至少一种选自一元醇，多元醇，多元醇的一甲基或一乙基醚，以及它们的混合物的至少一种凝固点抑制剂的除冰和防冰组合物。 该组合物与琥珀酸盐或单独的醇的冰融化能力相比具有更高的冰融化能力，特别是在低于约-10℃的温度下。组合物特别适用于挡风玻璃除冰机/洗衣机。 组合物的具体实施方案是环境友好的。
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公开(公告)号：US06287480B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-11
申请号：US09480401
申请日：2000-01-11
IPC分类号： C09K318
摘要： Improved deicing compositions and methods are provided. In particular, the subject invention is directed at deicing compositions which are suitable and effective for airport applications in which corrosion of magnesium based alloys is an issue. In particular, the invention is directed at deicing compositions which are less corrosive of steel and aluminum and certain magnesium based parts than conventional road salt. For example, the invention is directed to deicing compositions which are substantially less corrosive than allowed for use on aircraft metal parts, such as magnesium based alloys unlike acetate and formate salts. The subject invention is also directed at deicing compositions which inhibit the corrosive effects of conventional road salt. The subject invention is also directed at deicing compositions comprising effective deicing amounts of succinate salts, such as potassium succinate (trihydrate), ammonium succinate (anyhdrous), sodium succinate (hexahydrate), either alone or in combination. The subject invention is also directed at deicing compositions comprising effective corrosion inhibiting, deicing amounts of potassium succinate together with effective amounts of 1) polymaleimide sodium salt and magnesium succinate, 2) magnesium succinate and sodium polyaspartate, 3) sodium polysuccinimide, 4) sodium polyaspartate and polymaleimide sodium salt, 5) magnesium succinate or 6) sodium chloride which will enhance deicing and/or corrosion inhibiting properties.
摘要翻译： 提供了改进的除冰组合物和方法。 特别地，本发明涉及对于其中镁基合金的腐蚀是问题的机场应用是合适的和有效的除冰组合物。 特别地，本发明涉及除常规道路盐对钢，铝和某些镁基部分腐蚀性较小的除冰组合物。 例如，本发明涉及除飞行器金属部件（例如不同于乙酸盐和甲酸盐）的镁基合金以外的腐蚀性明显较小的除冰组合物。 本发明还涉及抑制常规路盐的腐蚀作用的除冰组合物。 本发明还涉及包含有效除冰量的琥珀酸盐，例如琥珀酸钾（三水合物），琥珀酸铵（anyadrous），琥珀酸钠（六水合物），单独或组合的除冰组合物。 本发明还涉及除冰组合物，其包含有效的腐蚀抑制，除冰量的琥珀酸钾以及有效量的1）聚马来酰亚胺钠盐和琥珀酸镁，2）琥珀酸镁和聚天冬氨酸钠，3）聚琥珀酰亚胺钠，4）聚天冬氨酸钠 和聚马来酰亚胺钠盐，5）琥珀酸镁或6）氯化钠，这将增强除冰和/或腐蚀抑制性能。
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公开(公告)号：US08981166B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-17
申请号：US14131256
申请日：2012-07-13
申请人： Kris A. Berglund , Peter K. Rossman
发明人： Kris A. Berglund , Peter K. Rossman
CPC分类号： C07C29/74 , B01D3/009 , B01D11/0426 , B01D11/0488
摘要： An improved process for extracting fusel alcohols and/or fusel alcohol esters from an ethanol fermentation product involves adding to the fermentation product an extractant solvent selected from amyl alcohols, amyl acetates, and mixtures thereof to produce a two-phase system including a water and alcohol phase, and an immiscible second phase comprised of amyl alcohols, amyl acetates or a mixture thereof. Thereafter, the first and second phases can be separated to obtain a first phase depleted of fusel alcohols and/or esters of fusel alcohols and a second phase containing fusel alcohols and/or esters of fusel alcohols extracted from the first phase.
摘要翻译： 从乙醇发酵产物中提取杂醇和/或杂醇醇酯的改进方法包括向发酵产物中加入选自戊醇，戊酸乙酯及其混合物的萃取剂溶剂，以产生包括水和醇的两相体系 相和由戊醇，乙酸戊酯或其混合物组成的不混溶的第二相。 此后，可以分离第一相和第二相以获得从第一相提取的杂醇和/或杂醇的酯的第一相和含有杂醇的杂醇和/或杂醇的第二相。
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公开(公告)号：US06878797B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-12
申请号：US10125933
申请日：2002-04-19
申请人： Kris A. Berglund , Parminder Agarwal , Qiuyue Yu , Adam Harant
发明人： Kris A. Berglund , Parminder Agarwal , Qiuyue Yu , Adam Harant
IPC分类号： C11D3/37 , C08F222/40 , C08G73/10 , C08G73/12 , C08G69/08 , C08F4/46 , C08F6/00 , C08G63/00 , C08G73/00
CPC分类号： C08F222/40 , C08G73/121
摘要： A process for producing alkali metal polymaleimide salts by alkaline hydrolysis of maleimide polymers prepared by polymerization of maleimide monomers in the presence of a metal oxide and alcohol initiator or a base. In particular, the process produces alkali metal polymaleimide salts with particular ratios of C—N and C—C connected maleimide-derived monomer units which are dependent on the particular initiator used to synthesize the maleimide polymer. The alkali metal polymaleimide salts, which have chelating and anti-scaling properties, are useful as chelating agents and detergent builders and as such are suitable biodegradable replacements for synthetic polymers and sodium polyaspartate.
摘要翻译： 通过在金属氧化物和醇引发剂或碱的存在下通过马来酰亚胺单体聚合制备的马来酰亚胺聚合物的碱水解生产碱金属聚马来酰亚胺的方法。 特别地，该方法产生具有特定比例的C-N和C-C连接的马来酰亚胺衍生的单体单元的碱金属聚马来酰亚胺盐，其取决于用于合成马来酰亚胺聚合物的特定引发剂。 具有螯合和抗结垢性能的碱金属聚马来酰亚胺盐可用作螯合剂和洗涤剂助洗剂，因此适用于合成聚合物和聚天冬氨酸钠的可生物降解替代物。
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公开(公告)号：US5897908A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-27
申请号：US593160
申请日：1996-02-01
申请人： Kris A. Berglund , Hasan Alizadeh
发明人： Kris A. Berglund , Hasan Alizadeh
IPC分类号： A23L1/227 , A23L1/237 , A23L1/305 , C07C55/10 , C07C229/00 , C07C229/26
CPC分类号： C07C55/10 , A23L27/45 , A23L33/175 , C07C229/26 , Y10S426/804
摘要： A physical mixture which consists essentially of compositions of lysine monohydrochloride and potassium chloride alone or admixed with small amounts of succinic acid, in particular weight ratios, and which has a salty taste comparable to table salt (sodium chloride). The mixture masks the bitter aftertaste of the potassium chloride and can provide dietary lysine which is an essential amino acid.
摘要翻译： 一种物理混合物，其基本上由赖氨酸一盐酸盐和氯化钾的组合物单独组合或与少量琥珀酸混合，特别是重量比，并且具有与餐盐（氯化钠）相当的咸味。 该混合物掩盖了氯化钾的苦味，并且可提供作为必需氨基酸的膳食赖氨酸。
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公开(公告)号：US06630431B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-07
申请号：US10146973
申请日：2002-05-16
申请人： Kris A. Berglund
发明人： Kris A. Berglund
IPC分类号： C11D344
CPC分类号： A61K8/37 , A61K8/0208 , A61Q3/04
摘要： A composition which is a mixture of a hydroxylated carboxylic acid ester and a mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acid ester for solvating a nail polish lacquer for removal is described. Included are kits for compositions for and a method of using the compositions.
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