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    Implantable medical device for monitoring congestive heart failure
    1.
    发明授权
    Implantable medical device for monitoring congestive heart failure 失效
    用于监测充血性心力衰竭的植入式医疗装置

    公开(公告)号：US06438408B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

    申请号：US09751079

    申请日：2000-12-28

    申请人： Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  D. Curtis Deno ,  Tom D. Bennett ,  David A. Igel ,  Michael R. S. Hill

    发明人： Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  D. Curtis Deno ,  Tom D. Bennett ,  David A. Igel ,  Michael R. S. Hill

    IPC分类号： A61B50452

    CPC分类号： A61N1/36564 ,  G06F19/00

    摘要： An implantable stimulator and monitor measures a group of heart failure parameters indicative of the state of heart failure employing EGM signals, measures of blood pressure including absolute pressure P, developed pressure (DP=systolic P−diastolic P), and/or dP/dt, and measures of heart chamber volume (V) over one or more cardiac cycles. These parameters include: (1) relaxation or contraction time constant tau (&tgr;); (2) mechanical restitution (MR), i.e., the mechanical response of a heart chamber to premature stimuli applied to the heart chamber; (3) recirculation fraction (RF), i.e., the rate of decay of PESP effects over a series of heart cycles; and (4) end systolic elastance (EES), i.e., the ratios of end systolic blood pressure P to volume V. These heart failure parameters are determined periodically regardless of patient posture and activity level. However, certain of the parameters are only measured or certain of the data are only stored when the patient heart rate is regular and within a normal sinus range between programmed lower and upper heart rates. The parameter data is associated with a date and time stamp and with other patient data, e.g., patient activity level, and the associated parameter data is stored in IMD memory for retrieval at a later date employing conventional telemetry systems. Incremental changes in the parameter data over time, taking any associated time of day and patient data into account, provide a measure of the degree of change in the heart failure state of the heart.

    摘要翻译： 可植入的刺激器和监测器测量一组指示使用EGM信号的心力衰竭状态的心力衰竭参数，包括绝对压力P的血压测量，开发压力（DP =收缩期舒张压P）和/或dP / dt ，以及一个或多个心动周期的心室容量（V）的测量。 这些参数包括：（1）松弛或收缩时间常数τ（＆tgr;）; （2）机械恢复（MR），即心脏室对施加到心脏室的过早刺激的机械响应; （3）循环分数（RF），即一系列心脏循环中PESP效应的衰减速率; 和（4）收缩末期弹性（EES），即收缩末期血压P与体积V的比值。不管患者的姿势和活动水平如何，这些心力衰竭参数是周期性确定的。 然而，仅测量某些参数，或仅当患者心率为规律且在编程的较低和较高心率之间的正常窦范围内时才存储某些数据。 参数数据与日期和时间戳以及与其他患者数据（例如患者活动水平）相关联，并且相关联的参数数据存储在IMD存储器中，以便以后采用常规遥测系统进行检索。 随着时间的推移，随着时间的推移，随着时间的推移和相关的患者数据的变化，可以提供心脏心力衰竭状态的变化程度。

    Implantable medical device for treating cardiac mechanical dysfunction by electrical stimulation
    2.
    发明授权
    Implantable medical device for treating cardiac mechanical dysfunction by electrical stimulation 有权
    用于通过电刺激治疗心脏机械功能障碍的植入式医疗装置

    公开(公告)号：US06738667B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-05-18

    申请号：US09750631

    申请日：2000-12-28

    申请人： D. Curtis Deno ,  Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  Tom D. Bennett ,  David A. Igel ,  Michael R. S. Hill ,  Richard J. Shaw

    发明人： D. Curtis Deno ,  Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  Tom D. Bennett ,  David A. Igel ,  Michael R. S. Hill ,  Richard J. Shaw

    IPC分类号： A61N118

    CPC分类号： A61N1/3627 ,  A61N1/36564

    摘要： An implantable stimulator and monitor measures a group of heart failure parameters indicative of the state of heart failure employing EGM signals, measures of blood pressure including absolute pressure P, developed pressure (DP=systolic P−diastolic P), and/or dP/dt, and measures of heart chamber volume (V) over one or more cardiac cycles. These parameters include: (1) relaxation or contraction time constant tau (&tgr;); (2) mechanical restitution (MR), i.e., the mechanical response of a heart chamber to premature stimuli applied to the heart chamber; (3) recirculation fraction (RF), i.e., the rate of decay of PESP effects over a series of heart cycles; and (4) end systolic elastance (EES), i.e., the ratios of end systolic blood pressure P to volume V. These heart failure parameters are determined periodically regardless of patient posture and activity level. The physician can determine whether a particular therapy is appropriate, prescribe the therapy for a period of time while again accumulating the stored patient data for a later review and assessment to determine whether the applied therapy is beneficial or not, thereby enabling periodic changes in therapy, if appropriate. Drug therapies and electrical stimulation therapies, including PESP stimulation, and pacing therapies including single chamber, dual chamber and multi-chamber (bi-atrial and/or bi-ventricular) pacing can be delivered. In patient's prone to malignant tachyarrhythmias, the assessment of heart failure state can be taken into account in setting parameters of detection or classification of tachyarrhythmias and the therapies that are delivered.

    摘要翻译： 可植入的刺激器和监测器测量一组指示使用EGM信号的心力衰竭状态的心力衰竭参数，包括绝对压力P的血压测量，开发压力（DP =收缩期舒张压P）和/或dP / dt ，以及一个或多个心动周期的心室容量（V）的测量。 这些参数包括：（1）松弛或收缩时间常数τ（τ）; （2）机械恢复（MR），即心脏室对施加到心脏室的过早刺激的机械响应; （3）循环分数（RF），即一系列心脏循环中PESP效应的衰减速率; 和（4）收缩末期弹性（EES），即收缩末期血压P与体积V的比值。不管患者的姿势和活动水平如何，这些心力衰竭参数是周期性确定的。 医生可以确定特定治疗是否合适，在一段时间内开出治疗，同时再次累积存储的患者数据以供稍后进行检查和评估，以确定所应用的治疗是否有益，从而使治疗周期性变化， 如果合适的话。 可以提供药物治疗和电刺激疗法，包括PESP刺激和起搏治疗，包括单室，双室和多室（双心房和/或双心室）起搏。 在患者易发生恶性快速性心律失常的情况下，可以在设定快速性心律失常检测或分类参数和所传递的治疗方案时考虑心力衰竭状态的评估。

    Cardiac stimulation during a refractory period
    3.
    发明授权
    Cardiac stimulation during a refractory period 失效
    电动高效神经兴奋刺激技术领域

    公开(公告)号：US07292888B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-06

    申请号：US10638855

    申请日：2003-08-11

    申请人： D. Curtis Deno ,  David E. Euler ,  Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  Edwin G. Duffin ,  David A. Igel

    发明人： D. Curtis Deno ,  David E. Euler ,  Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  Edwin G. Duffin ,  David A. Igel

    IPC分类号： A61N1/365

    CPC分类号： A61N1/36514 ,  A61N1/3627 ,  A61N1/36564 ,  A61N1/368

    摘要： A medical device, e.g., an implantable medical device, delivers one or more neurally-excitable stimulation pulses to myocardial tissue during a period when the tissue is refractory. The width of the pulses is less than or equal to approximately one half millisecond. In some embodiments, the current amplitude of the pulses is less than or equal to approximately twenty milliamps. In exemplary embodiments, the medical device delivers a pulse train of six or fewer pulses separated from each other by an interval that is greater than or equal to approximately ten milliseconds. In some embodiments, the medical device delivers pulses according to a schedule stored in a memory, or as a function of a monitored physiological parameter of a patient, such as an intracardiac pressure. In some embodiments, the medical device suspends or withholds delivery of neurally-excitable based on detection of cardiac ischemia.

    摘要翻译： 医疗装置，例如可植入的医疗装置，在组织难治的时期期间，向心肌组织递送一个或多个神经可兴奋的刺激脉冲。 脉冲的宽度小于或等于大约一个半毫秒。 在一些实施例中，脉冲的电流幅度小于或等于大约二十毫安。 在示例性实施例中，医疗设备递送彼此间隔大于或等于大约十毫秒的六个或更少个脉冲的脉冲串。 在一些实施例中，医疗装置根据存储在存储器中的计划或者作为患者的被监测的生理参数（例如心脏内压力）递送脉冲。 在一些实施方案中，基于心脏缺血的检测，医疗装置暂停或禁止神经可兴奋的递送。

    Method and apparatus for optimization and assessment of response to extra-systolic stimulation (ESS) therapy
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for optimization and assessment of response to extra-systolic stimulation (ESS) therapy 失效
    用于优化和评估对收缩期刺激（ESS）治疗的反应的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07970466B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

    申请号：US10680494

    申请日：2003-10-07

    申请人： Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  D. Curtis Deno ,  John E. Burnes ,  Nirav V. Sheth

    发明人： Lawrence J. Mulligan ,  D. Curtis Deno ,  John E. Burnes ,  Nirav V. Sheth

    IPC分类号： A61N1/00 ,  A61B5/04

    CPC分类号： A61N1/3627 ,  A61N1/36514 ,  A61N1/36578

    摘要： A method and apparatus for optimizing and assessing the response to extra-systolic stimulation (ESS) are provided. An optimization/monitoring parameter is calculated as a function of potentiation ratio, PR, and recirculation fraction, RF, derived from measurements of myocardial contractile function during and after ESS. PR may be computed as the ratio of the contractile function on post-extra-systolic beats during ESS to baseline contractile function. RF may be computed as the slope of a linear regression performed on a plot of the contractile function for a post-extra-systolic beat versus the contractile function for the previous post-extra-systolic beat after ESS is ceased. The ESI resulting in a maximum optimization/monitoring parameter, preferably computed as the product of PR and RF, is determined as the optimal ESI. The operating ESI may be automatically adjusted, and/or PR and RF data may be stored for monitoring purposes.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于优化和评估对收缩期刺激（ESS）的反应的方法和装置。 根据ESS期间和之后的心肌收缩功能测量得出，优化/监测参数作为增强比PR和再循环分数RF的函数计算。 PR可以计算为ESS期间收缩功能对收缩后收缩期与基线收缩功能的比值。 RF可以被计算为在ESS停止之后针对收缩后收缩压的收缩功能图与先前的收缩后节拍后的收缩功能的曲线进行的线性回归的斜率。 产生最大优化/监测参数的ESI，优选地计算为PR和RF的乘积，被确定为最佳ESI。 可以自动调整操作ESI，并且可以存储和/或PR和RF数据用于监视目的。