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公开(公告)号：US5448239A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-05
申请号：US202311
申请日：1994-02-25
摘要： Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D converter) consisting of several continuously integrating charge balancing (CB) conversion stages. During each conversion interval, all CB capacitors are discharged by a reference current. In each stage, the end of the discharge of the CB capacitor is detected by a zero crossing detector. Time intervals between the zero crossing events and corresponding discharge termination events represent time equivalents of quantization errors. Each stage, other than the first, converts the time equivalents of quantization errors of the previous stage. Output of the entire multistage A/D converter is combined from the outputs of all stages in a way which provides compensation of a quantization error of any stage by the output of the next stage. Quantization noise (sequence of quantization errors) of the entire A/D converter becomes the same as the N-time differenced (N-number of stages) quantization noise of the last stage. The differencing shapes spectral density of quantization noise in such a way that the largest portion of the noise energy becomes shifted outside of the signal bandwidth. The larger the number of stages, the smaller the in-band portion of the quantization noise. The out-of-band portion of quantization noise can be filtered out in the post-conversion digital signal processing.
摘要翻译： 由数字连续积分电荷平衡（CB）转换级组成的模数转换器（A / D转换器）。 在每个转换间隔期间，所有CB电容都通过参考电流放电。 在每个阶段，CB电容器的放电结束由过零检测器检测。 零交叉事件和相应的放电终止事件之间的时间间隔表示量化误差的等效时间。 除了第一级之外的每个阶段转换前一级的量化误差的时间等价物。 整个多级A / D转换器的输出从所有级的输出组合起来，其方法是通过下一级的输出提供任何级的量化误差的补偿。 整个A / D转换器的量化噪声（量化误差序列）与最后一级的N次差分（N级）量化噪声相同。 差分形式使得噪声能量的最大部分变得偏离信号带宽以外的量化噪声的频谱密度。 级数越大，量化噪声的带内部分越小。 量化噪声的带外部分可以在后转换数字信号处理中被滤除。
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公开(公告)号：USD422925S
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US95677
申请日：1998-10-28
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公开(公告)号：US5587520A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-24
申请号：US537182
申请日：1995-09-29
申请人： Robert P. Rhodes
发明人： Robert P. Rhodes
CPC分类号： G01N27/185
摘要： A thermal conductivity detector includes a cavity wall defining a cavity for receiving a quantity of the sample fluid, the cavity wall being subject to a cavity wall temperature, and a sensor located in the cavity and connected as a first element in a bridge circuit configuration. The sensor exhibits a resistance which is dependent on a temperature of the sensor. A variable resistor having a selectable resistance in response to a control signal is connected in the bridge circuit configuration as a second element. A signal providing means, connected to the balance nodes of the bridge circuit configuration, provides a first signal which is related to a change in resistance of the sensor and thereby representative of the sensor temperature. Means for sensing the temperature of the cavity wall provides a temperature sense signal to a controller, which in response provides a heating control signal to a cavity wall heating means. The controller also determines the cavity wall temperature and in response causes the variable resistor to achieve a selected resistance value that will cause the sensor resistance to change. The temperature of the sensor is thereby set so as to accurately and reliably establish a selectable, predetermined temperature differential between the sensor and the cavity wall.
摘要翻译： 热导率检测器包括限定用于接收一定量样品流体的空腔的空腔壁，空腔壁经受空腔壁温度，以及位于空腔中的传感器，并以桥式电路结构的第一元件连接。 传感器表现出一个取决于传感器温度的电阻。 作为响应于控制信号的具有可选电阻的可变电阻器作为第二元件连接在桥式电路配置中。 连接到桥接电路结构的平衡节点的信号提供装置提供与传感器的电阻变化相关的第一信号，从而代表传感器温度。 用于感测空腔壁的温度的装置向控制器提供温度感测信号，控制器响应于向腔壁加热装置提供加热控制信号。 控制器还确定空腔壁温度，并且在响应时使可变电阻器实现将导致传感器电阻改变的选定电阻值。 因此，传感器的温度被设定为准确可靠地建立传感器和空腔壁之间的可选择的预定温差。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for spectrochemical analysis having maximum repeatability 失效具有最大可重复性的用于光谱化学分析的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5022756A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US431504
申请日：1989-11-03
申请人： Robert P. Rhodes
发明人： Robert P. Rhodes
CPC分类号： G05D23/1919 , G01N21/68 , H05B6/80 , G01N2030/025 , G01N30/74
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling measurement repeatability in spectrochemical analysis which analysis utilizes a plasma source is shown to include a plasma generator for providing energy to the plasma source to sustain plasma, a sensor for sensing the operating temperature of the plasma generator and a temperature controller for controlling the operating temperature of the plasma generator in response to the temperature sensed by the sensor. The temperature controller controls the operating temperature of the plasma generator either within a temperature range, such as between 100.degree. C. or at a set point temperature. In the case of a magnetron having heat conductive fins as the plasma generator, the sensor senses the temperature of at least one of said fins and the temperature controller includes a fan directed to move air across the fins and a speed controller for controlling the speed of the fan in response to the sensed temperature of the fins.
摘要翻译： 用于控制分析利用等离子体源的光谱化学分析中的测量重复性的方法和装置被示为包括用于向等离子体源提供能量以维持等离子体的等离子体发生器，用于感测等离子体发生器的操作温度的传感器和温度控制器 用于响应于由传感器感测到的温度来控制等离子体发生器的工作温度。 温度控制器在等温发生器的工作温度范围内，例如在100℃或设定温度之间。 在具有作为等离子体发生器的导热翅片的磁控管的情况下，传感器感测至少一个所述散热片的温度，并且温度控制器包括用于将空气移动穿过翅片的风扇和用于控制散热片的速度的速度控制器 风扇响应于感测到的翅片的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US4338589A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-06
申请号：US11822
申请日：1979-02-13
IPC分类号： G01R15/09 , G01D3/02 , G01R15/00 , G01R15/08 , G01R35/00 , G01R35/02 , H03M1/00 , H04B1/64 , H04B14/04 , H03K13/02
摘要： An analog-to-digital converter system is disclosed in which the amplitude of the signal is compressed by means including a logging means prior to an analog-to-digital converter. Reference signals of known values are applied to the logging means and their values at the output of the converter are used to determine a linearity factor which is applied to a multiplier coupled to the output of the converter. The amplitude of one of the reference signals at the output of the multiplier is compared with what it should be and the difference is added by an adder at the output of the multiplier.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种模拟 - 数字转换器系统，其中信号的幅度通过在模数转换器之前的记录装置的装置被压缩。 已知值的参考信号被施加到记录装置，并且其在转换器的输出处的值被用于确定施加到耦合到转换器的输出的乘法器的线性系数。 将乘法器输出端的参考信号中的一个的幅度与其应该进行比较，并且通过加法器在乘法器的输出端加上差值。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5772321A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US548037
申请日：1995-10-25
申请人： Robert P. Rhodes
发明人： Robert P. Rhodes
CPC分类号： G01N30/66 , G01N27/185 , G01N2030/626
摘要： A thermal conductivity detector includes a cavity wall defining a cavity for receiving a quantity of a sample fluid, the cavity wall being subject to a cavity wall temperature that is temporally and spatially variable, and a sensor located in the cavity and connected preferably in a bridge circuit configuration for providing a temperature sense signal. The sensor exhibits a resistance which is dependent on a temperature of the sensor. A first signal providing means includes reference means preferably in the form of first and second reference resistors located within first and second reference resistor cavities. The first and second reference resistors are connected to a reference voltage in a voltage divider network such that a node of the voltage divider network provides a temperature compensation signal that is representative of the average temperature of the cavity wall. Second signal providing means, connected to the balance nodes of the bridge circuit configuration, provide a temperature sense signal that is related to a change in resistance of the sensor resistor and thereby representative of the sensor temperature. The temperature compensation signal may optionally be conditioned by a voltage gain circuit and a voltage offset circuit to provide a temperature compensation signal. The temperature sense signal and the temperature compensation signal are provided to a third signal providing means wherein the temperature compensating signal is used to accurately compensate for changes in the temperature sense signal that are due to the temporal and/or spatial variations in the cavity wall temperature. In particular, the temperature compensation signal may represent an averaged value of at least two cavity wall temperatures, thus particularly compensating for the effect of a spatial temperature gradient in the cavity wall.
摘要翻译： 热导率检测器包括限定用于接收一定量样品流体的空腔的空腔壁，空腔壁经受在时间和空间上可变的空腔壁温度，以及位于空腔中的传感器，优选地连接在桥 电路配置，用于提供温度感测信号。 传感器表现出一个取决于传感器温度的电阻。 第一信号提供装置包括优选地以第一和第二参考电阻器腔内的第一和第二参考电阻器的形式的参考装置。 第一和第二参考电阻器连接到分压器网络中的参考电压，使得分压器网络的节点提供代表空腔壁的平均温度的温度补偿信号。 连接到桥式电路结构的平衡节点的第二信号提供装置提供与传感器电阻器的电阻变化相关的温度感测信号，从而代表传感器温度。 温度补偿信号可以可选地由电压增益电路和电压偏移电路来调节以提供温度补偿信号。 温度检测信号和温度补偿信号被提供给第三信号提供装置，其中使用温度补偿信号来精确地补偿由于空腔壁温度的时间和/或空间变化导致的温度感测信号的变化 。 特别地，温度补偿信号可以表示至少两个空腔壁温度的平均值，因此特别地补偿空腔壁中的空间温度梯度的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US4346055A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-24
申请号：US159034
申请日：1980-06-13
CPC分类号： G01N30/68 , G01N27/626
摘要： Apparatus for igniting a flame ionization detector wherein means are provided for gradually reducing the flow of oxygen to the jet in response to a sudden increase in the temperature at a point downstream from the jet and wherein normal oxygen flow is restored after the temperature decreases to an operating value.
摘要翻译： 用于点燃火焰离子化检测器的装置，其中提供了用于响应于在射流下游的点处的温度的突然增加而逐渐减少氧气流到喷嘴的装置，并且其中在温度降低到 经营价值。
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8.发明授权Gas chromatograph providing semi-automatic identification of connected sample flow components, and method of operating same 有权提供半自动识别连接的样品流组分的气相色谱仪及其操作方法公开(公告)号：US09027384B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-12
申请号：US13193436
申请日：2011-07-28
IPC分类号： G01N30/88
CPC分类号： G01N30/88
摘要： A method for semi-automatically generating configuration information for a gas chromatograph uses an identification device reader of the gas chromatograph to 1) determine a presence and location of sample flow component identification devices in or on identification device holders that hold the sample flow component identification devices; 2) read information from sample flow component identification devices held in the identification device holders; and 3) output configuration information for the gas chromatograph. The configuration information is based on the presence and location of particular sample flow component identification devices in or on particular identification device holders, and on associations of particular identification device holders with particular sample flow component connections to the gas chromatograph. The configuration information indicates if and how sample flow components are connected to the gas chromatograph.
摘要翻译： 用于半自动生成气相色谱仪配置信息的方法使用气相色谱仪的识别装置读取器，1）确定样品流分量识别装置在保持样品流分量识别装置的识别装置保持器中或之上的存在和位置 ; 2）从识别装置持有者中保存的样本流分量识别装置读取信息; 3）输出气相色谱仪的配置信息。 配置信息基于特定的识别装置保持器中或特定识别装置保持器上的特定样品流分量识别装置的存在和位置，以及特定识别装置保持器与气相色谱仪的特定样品流分量连接的关联。 配置信息指示流体组分如何以及如何连接到气相色谱仪。
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9.发明申请GAS CHROMATOGRAPH PROVIDING SEMI-AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF CONNECTED SAMPLE FLOW COMPONENTS, AND METHOD OF OPERATING SAME 有权提供连接样品流动组件的半自动识别的气相色谱及其操作方法公开(公告)号：US20130025347A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-31
申请号：US13193436
申请日：2011-07-28
IPC分类号： G01N30/02
CPC分类号： G01N30/88
摘要： A method for semi-automatically generating configuration information for a gas chromatograph uses an identification device reader of the gas chromatograph to 1) determine a presence and location of sample flow component identification devices in or on identification device holders that hold the sample flow component identification devices; 2) read information from sample flow component identification devices held in the identification device holders; and 3) output configuration information for the gas chromatograph. The configuration information is based on the presence and location of particular sample flow component identification devices in or on particular identification device holders, and on associations of particular identification device holders with particular sample flow component connections to the gas chromatograph. The configuration information indicates if and how sample flow components are connected to the gas chromatograph.
摘要翻译： 用于半自动生成气相色谱仪配置信息的方法使用气相色谱仪的识别装置读取器，1）确定样品流分量识别装置在保持样品流分量识别装置的识别装置保持器中或之上的存在和位置 ; 2）从识别装置持有者中保存的样本流分量识别装置读取信息; 3）输出气相色谱仪的配置信息。 配置信息基于特定的识别装置保持器中或特定识别装置保持器上的特定样品流分量识别装置的存在和位置，以及特定识别装置保持器与气相色谱仪的特定样品流分量连接的关联。 配置信息指示流体组分如何以及如何连接到气相色谱仪。
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公开(公告)号：US07467316B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-16
申请号：US11311544
申请日：2005-12-19
申请人： Robert P. Rhodes
发明人： Robert P. Rhodes
CPC分类号： G06F1/12
摘要： A system for synchronizing clock signals in an analytical device includes a first module including a timing command generator configured to generate a command signal, the command signal related to a master clock signal, and a second module including a command interpreter configured to generate a timing reference signal related to the command signal and a local clock signal. The second module includes a clock generator configured to receive the timing reference signal and the local clock signal and is configured to adjust a timing output of the second module so that the timing of the second module is synchronized to the master clock signal.
摘要翻译： 用于在分析装置中同步时钟信号的系统包括：第一模块，包括被配置为产生命令信号的定时命令发生器，与主时钟信号相关的命令信号;以及第二模块，包括命令解释器，其被配置为生成定时参考 与指令信号相关的信号和本地时钟信号。 第二模块包括时钟发生器，其被配置为接收定时参考信号和本地时钟信号，并且被配置为调整第二模块的定时输出，使得第二模块的定时与主时钟信号同步。
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