摘要:
A process for the preparation of butyrolactones of the formula I ##STR1## where the substituents R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups, or aryl and trialkylsilyl groups, if appropriate carrying inert: substituents, is described in which an alkyne of the formula IIR.sup.1 --C.tbd.C--R.sup.2 IIwhere the substituents have the meanings indicated above, is reacted under reducing conditions at elevated pressure and elevated temperature with carbon monoxide CO and hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal catalyst or with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.
摘要:
N-Hydroxyalkyl-substituted aminoalkynes of the formula I ##STR1## are prepared by reacting an alkyne with a 1-oxa-3-azaheterocyclo-alkane in a reaction with heterogeneous catalysis by a catalyst which comprises a compound of a metal of the first or second sub-group.
摘要:
A process for preparing N-alkyl-substituted aminoalkynes by reacting an alkyne with a carbonyl compound and an amine with heterogeneous catalysis in which an unsupported copper acetylide derived from malachite is used as the catalyst. The N-alkyl-substituted aminoalkyne have a wide variety of uses including their use as precursors for pharmaceuticals, their use in electroplating processes and their use as corrosion inhibitors.
摘要:
In a process for isolating &agr;-ethynyl carbinols from the liquid reaction mixture from the addition of acetylene onto &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carbonyl compounds by distillation, the distillation is carried out continuously, the feed stream is introduced into the middle section of a distillation column (K), the major part of the water is distilled off azeotropically together with the solvent at the top of the column, and the &agr;-ethynyl carbinol target product is taken off below the feed point to the column.
摘要:
Higher &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated alcohols are prepared by monoethynylation of a ketone by the NH3/KOH method, if desired hydrogenation of the acetylene alcohol in the presence of hydrogen over a Pd-containing thin layer catalyst, purifying distillation of the hydrogenation product, preferably in a dividing wall column with recirculation of the unreacted ketone to the ethynylation step, and, if desired, preparation of higher alcohols having in each case 5 more carbon atoms in the chain by reacting the alcohols prepared by monoethynylation and, if desired, partial hydrogenation with alkyl acetoacetates diketene in a Carroll reaction to form ketones and using these as starting materials for the steps ethynylation, optional hydrogenation and fractional distillation.
摘要:
A system for protecting stored goods in a container (10), comprises a cage-like structure (20) formed by at least one pesticide treated net (22), capable of enclosing the stored goods, wherein the cage like structure (20), further comprises means for suspending the pesticide treated nets (14, 28, 30, 32, 34), and means for opening and closing the cage-like structure (26) on at least one section (24) of the at least one net (22). The system is particularly useful for the transport of tobacco, coffee, dried fruits, cocoa, nuts, tea, cereals, vegetables, spices and animals.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material, which comprises the following steps: (A) contacting of the mixture comprising the at least one first material and at least one second material with at least one selective hydrophobicizing agent in the presence of a suspension medium so that an adduct is formed from the at least one hydrophobicizing agent and the at least one first material but not with the at least one second material, (B) contacting of the adduct from step (A) with at least one magnetic particle which is functionalized on the surface with at least one polymeric compound having a transition temperature LCST (lower critical solution temperature) at a temperature at which the polymeric compound has hydrophobic character so that the adduct from step (A) and the at least one functionalized magnetic particle agglomerate, (C) if appropriate addition of further suspension medium to the mixture obtained in step (B), (D) separation of the agglomerate present in the suspension from step (B) or (C) from the suspension by application of a magnetic field, (E) dissociation of the agglomerate separated off in step (D) by setting of a temperature at which the polymeric compound has hydrophilic character in order to obtain the at least one first material.
摘要:
A sheet-like structure, in particular a net, finished with an insecticidal mixture comprising a) chlorfenapyr and b) one or more pyrethroids from the group consisting of alpha-cypermethrin (b1), deltamethrin (b2), permethrin (b3) and lambda-cyhalothrin (b4), in an amount of (in each case relative to the sheet-like structure) a) 50 to 150 mg/m2 chlorfenapyr; b1) 50 to 150 mg/m2 alpha-cypermethrin; b2) 15 to 45 mg/m2 deltamethrin; b3) 50 to 750 mg/m2 permethrin; b4) 5 to 30 mg/m2 lambda-cyhalothrin, is suitable for controlling harmful insects in buildings and for protecting humans and domestic animals from such harmful insects and from vector-transmitted diseases which are transmitted by the harmful insects.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process of the invention for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material, which comprises the steps: (A) Contacting of at least one magnetic particle and at least one bifunctional molecule or an adduct of the two with the mixture comprising the at least one first material and at least one second material so that an adduct is formed from the at least one magnetic particle, the bifunctional compound of the general formula (I) and the at least one first material, (B) suspension of the adduct obtained in step (A) in a suitable suspension medium, (C) separation of the adduct present in the suspension from step (B) from the suspension by application of a magnetic field, (D) if appropriate, dissociation of the adduct separated off in step (C) in order to obtain the at least one first material. a corresponding adduct and the use of such an adduct for the separation of mixtures of materials.
摘要:
The alkoxylate mixtures comprise alkoxylates of the formula (I) C5H11CH(C3H7)CH2O(B)p(A)n(B)m(A)qH (I) where A is ethyleneoxy, B, in each case independently, are C3-10-alkyleneoxy or mixtures thereof, groups A and B being present in the form of blocks in the stated sequence, p is a number from 0 to 10, n is a number greater than 0 to 20, m is a number greater than 0 to 20, q is a number greater than 0 to 10, p+n+m+q is at least 1, from 70 to 99% by weight of alkoxylates A1, in which C5H11 is n-C5H11, and from 1 to 30% by weight of alkoxylates A2, in which C5H11 is C2H5CH(CH3)CH2 and/or CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2, being present in the mixture.
摘要翻译:烷氧基化物混合物包括式(I)的烷氧基化物:C 5 H 11 CH(C 3 H 7)CH 2 O(B)p(A)n(B)m(A)qH(I)其中A是亚乙基氧基,B各自独立地是C3- 10-亚烷基氧基或其混合物,基团A和B以所述顺序以嵌段的形式存在,p为0至10的数,n为大于0至20的数,m为大于0至 20,q是大于0至10的数,p + n + m + q至少为1,70至99重量%的烷氧基化物A1,其中C5H11为n-C5H11,1〜30%为 其中C5H11是C2H5CH(CH3)CH2和/或CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2)的烷氧基化物A2的重量存在于混合物中。