摘要:
An apparatus is provided. The apparatus generally comprises a plurality of pairs of differential transmission lines. The plurality of pairs of differential transmission lines includes a set of pairs of differential transmission lines with each pair of differential transmission lines from the set of pairs of differential transmission lines including at least one twist to alternate current direction. Also, the plurality of differential transmission lines are arranged such that alternating current directions substantially eliminate cross-talk across the plurality of pairs of differential transmission lines.
摘要:
An apparatus for compensating operating current in an amplifier device when supply voltage to the amplifier device decreases below a predetermined value at an input voltage supply locus includes: (a) A first control circuit coupled with the input voltage supply locus. The first control circuit generates an output signal at an output locus when the supply voltage decreases below the predetermined value. (b) A second control circuit coupled with the output locus and coupled with the amplifier device. The second control circuit effects the compensating in response to the output signal.
摘要:
For differential signal transmission (especially in high speed applications), intra-pair skew between paths carrying complementary portions of a differential signal can significantly affect performance. Conventional de-skew circuits employ simple filters (i.e., low-pass filters) to operate as delay elements to account for skew; however, these filters can distort the differential signal, which can also adverse affect performance. Here, an all-pass, adjustable delay element and de-skew circuit are provided to allow for compensation of skew without degrading the differential signal as conventional circuit do and, thus, having better performance characteristics.
摘要:
In the many microelectronics applications, delays present in circuitry can affect both the design and the function of the circuitry. One example of delays impacting the function of a circuit is a relaxation oscillator, where delays present in comparator circuits and latches can cause its frequency to vary beyond desired ranges. Here, a relaxation circuit with delay compensation is described.
摘要:
An apparatus for regulating voltage for at least one differential transistor pair having a voltage follower buffer, the voltage follower section having a first voltage-temperature response, includes: (a) a differential amplifier having two input loci and an output locus, a first input locus of the two input loci receiving a reference voltage; (b) a temperature responsive unit coupled between the output locus and ground; and (c) a feedback line coupled between the temperature responsive unit and a second input locus of the two input loci. The temperature responsive unit has a second voltage-temperature response similar to the first voltage-temperature response.
摘要:
Quadrature clocking schemes are widely used in modern communications systems, but often suffer from phase imbalance. Conventional solutions that attempt to address this phase imbalance, however, are generally large and use a substantial amount of power. Here, however, a correction circuit is provided that can locally correct for phase imbalance without the need for bulky and high power consuming circuitry.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus to provide an equalizer for analog adaptive control are disclosed. An example equalizer described herein includes a high frequency amplifier to receive an input signal and to amplify a high frequency portion of the input signal, a low frequency amplifier to receive the input signal and to amplify a low frequency portion of the input signal, and a weight factor controller to control a gain of the high frequency amplifier and a gain of the low frequency amplifier.
摘要:
Quadrature clocking schemes are widely used in modern communications systems, but often suffer from phase imbalance. Conventional solutions that attempt to address this phase imbalance, however, are generally large and use a substantial amount of power. Here, however, a correction circuit is provided that can locally correct for phase imbalance without the need for bulky and high power consuming circuitry.
摘要:
In bipolar CMOS or BiCMOS process technologies, drivers (such as mixed mode or hybrid mode drivers) using both bipolar and CMOS transistors (i.e., field effect transistors or FETs) may have undesirable properties, such as reduced speed, ringing, latch-up, or lower electrostatic discharge (ESD) performance. Here, a mixed or hybrid mode driver is provided that employs a current steering circuit (instead of voltages driven differential pair(s) as is done with conventional drivers) to generate pull-down currents that precisely match the voltages in the pull-up portions of driver. It increases the speed and produces smaller output common-mode voltage fluctuation over conventional drivers. Thus, the driver provided here can be produced in BiCMOS process technologies without the undesirable effects of conventional drivers.
摘要:
A self-calibrating, adaptive equalization system for generating an ideal digital signal is disclosed. The adaptive equalization system includes an equalizer and a high-gain buffer. The equalizer includes a first equalizer loop that feeds-back a control voltage to the equalizer and the high-gain buffer that includes a second equalizer loop that feeds-back a high-pass-to-low-pass filter ratio signal. Each of the first and second equalizer loops has a high-pass and a low-pass filter, rectifying circuits for each of the filters, and an integrating circuit that compares signal energy output from the rectifiers. The adaptive equalization system generates an ideal digital signal.