摘要:
A cross-linked product of ethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer is a good elastic material and has excellent resistance to attack by uranium hexafluoride even at a high temperature. Components made of said copolymer exhibit surprisingly long life, when used in a uranium enrichment plant.
摘要:
A novel process for the production of a separator for use in a cell to prevent the short-circuiting of positive active material and negative active material comprises irradiating a polyolefin film 150 .mu.m or less thick with ionizing radiation at a dose rate of 5.times.10.sup.4 -10.sup.7 rads/sec. to give a total dose of 1 Mrad or more, contacting the irradiated film with an aqueous solution of a terminally unsaturated monomer such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like at a temperature of 10.degree. C.-60.degree. C. to thereby cause grafting of the monomer onto the polyolefin film before the grafted polymer film is treated with an aqueous alkaline solution to finally obtain the separator for use in a cell, which is substantially improved in that it shows low electrical resistance and is excellent both in its acid resistance and mechanical strength.
摘要:
A battery separator composed of a composite sheet of film to which a monomer having a hydrophilic or electrolytic group is grafted is disclosed. Said film consists of a first polymeric layer containing a substance capable of catching a metal ion dissolved from a positive or negative active material and a second polymeric layer integrally bonded to either one or both sides of the first polymeric layer and which contains no such substance or contains it in a smaller amount that that contained in said first polymeric layer. Also disclosed is a method of producing a battery separator by irradiating such composite sheet of film with ionizing radiation and immersing the irradiated film in a solution of a monomer containing a hydrophilic or electrolytic group or bringing it into contact with the monomer solution to thereby graft the monomer to the film.
摘要:
A process for the production of water-soluble, substantially solid, cationic polymers comprises the step of irradiating an aqueous solution with ionizing radiation, the aqueous solution comprising at least 50% by weight of one, or two or more of specific type of amino ester or esters optionally being accompanied by acrylamide, and at least 0.1% by weight of a specific type of alcohol as an agent for inhibiting water-insolubility of the resulting polymer.The amino esters have the generic formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms and x.sup.(-) represents an anion; or from the combination of at least one of said amino esters and acrylamide.The alcohols have the formula ##STR2## wherein X', Y' and Z' each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, providing at least one of said X', Y' and Z' is OH; and L, m and n each represents a natural number; and include isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, sec. butyl alcohol, glycerine and propylene glycol.
摘要:
A novel process for the production of fluorine-containing multi-component copolymers having functional groups is disclosed, which process is characterized in that tetrafluoroethylene having the formula: CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF.sub.2 ; one or two or more .alpha.,.beta.,.beta.-trifluoroacrylate having the generic formula: CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCOOC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 wherein n represents an integer of 1 or greater; and one or two or more .alpha.-olefin having the generic formula: ##STR1## wherein j and m each independently represents an integer of 0 to 11 inclusive; are copolymerized with one another in the presence of a radical initiator. The resultant interpolymer is hydrolyzed and cross-linked using ionizing radiation.
摘要:
Removal of gaseous pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide from effluent gases can be carried out advantageously from an industrial viewpoint by effecting irradiation of said gases under specifically selected conditions. High dose rate electron beam irradiation at a dose rate in the region of 10.sup.5 rad/sec or higher is, unexpectedly, remarkably effective and efficient for said purpose. Irradiation under increased pressure is also preferable. Wash of gases after irradiation or effecting irradiation in the presence of water vapor is effective especially for the removal of nitrogen oxides. Further, by carrying out the process in two-steps in which nitrogen oxides are removed from such gases almost completely by irradiation with the minimum dose of electron beams before sulfur dioxide is removed from the thus treated gases by conventional desulfurization means, the process can be carried out very economically. Thus, it has become industrially feasible to treat the effluent gases with irradiation, for the removal of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide before releasing them into the atmosphere.
摘要:
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can be removed from effluent gases with increased efficiency by blowing contaminated air present in the irradiation room into a stream of the effluent gases before the mixture is delivered to a reaction chamber to be irradiated with an ionizing radiation or ultraviolet light. This provides also a convenient process for purifying the contaminated air containing nitrogen oxides and ozone before release into the atmosphere. Thus, simultaneous purification of industrial effluent gases and contaminated air is advantageously carried out.
摘要:
A method of removing harmful gas from a refuse combustion exhaust gas. The refuse combustion exhaust gas, containing a harmful gas such as hydrogen chloride, is supplied to a reactor. Other steps include atomizing an alkaline material within the reactor, and applying radiation, such as an electron beam, to the refuse combustion exhaust gas, simultaneously with the atomizing of the alkaline material, thereby causing a reaction between the gas and the alkaline material, and recovering a salt produced by the reaction.
摘要:
A method of producing an ion exchange membrane comprising irradiating a polyethylene film not more than 150 .mu.m thick with ionizing radiation for a total dose of 1-30 Mrads in vacuum or in an inert gas, bringing the irradiated film into contact with a 15 to 50 wt % aqueous solution of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid at 15.degree. to 50.degree. C. to have acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid graft copolymerized onto polyethylene, followed by treatment of the graft copolymer with a 2 to 10 wt % aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide.
摘要:
A novel process for the production of fluorine-containing multi-component copolymers having functional groups is disclosed, which process is characterized in that tetrafluoroethylene having the formula: CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF.sub.2 ; one or two or more .alpha.,.beta.,.beta.-trifluoroacrylate having the generic formula: CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCOOC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 wherein n represents an integer of 1 or greater; and one or two or more .alpha.-olefin having the generic formula: ##STR1## wherein j and m each independently represents an integer of 0 to 11 inclusive; are copolymerized with one another in the presence of a radical initiator.