公开(公告)号：US20050227390A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-13

申请号：US10999716

申请日：2004-11-30

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/42

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4213 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method of fabricating an optoelectronic device comprises: depositing a first layer having protrusions over a first electrode, in which the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material; depositing a second layer on the first layer such that the second layer is in physical contact with the first layer; in which the smallest lateral dimension of the protrusions are between 1 to 5 times the exciton diffusion length of the first organic small molecule material; and depositing a second electrode over the second layer to form the optoelectronic device. A method of fabricating an organic optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction is also provided and comprises: depositing a first layer with protrusions over an electrode by organic vapor phase deposition; depositing a second layer on the first layer where the interface of the first and second layers forms a bulk heterojunction; and depositing another electrode over the second layer.

Abstract translation: 制造光电器件的方法包括：在第一电极上沉积具有突起的第一层，其中第一层包含第一有机小分子材料; 在所述第一层上沉积第二层，使得所述第二层与所述第一层物理接触; 其中突起的最小横向尺寸为第一有机小分子材料的激子扩散长度的1至5倍; 以及在所述第二层上沉积第二电极以形成所述光电器件。 还提供了制造具有体异质结的有机光电子器件的方法，其包括：通过有机气相沉积在电极上沉积具有突起的第一层; 在第一层上沉积第二层，其中第一和第二层的界面形成体异质结; 并在第二层上沉积另一电极。

公开(公告)号：US20050227406A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-13

申请号：US10824288

申请日：2004-04-13

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/42

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4213 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction comprises the steps of: depositing a first layer over a first electrode by organic vapor phase deposition, wherein the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material; depositing a second layer on the first layer such that the second layer is in physical contact with the first layer, wherein the interface of the second layer on the first layer forms a bulk heterojunction; and depositing a second electrode over the second layer to form the optoelectronic device. In another embodiment, a first layer having protrusions is deposited over the first electrode, wherein the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material. For example, when the first layer is an electron donor layer, the first electrode is an anode, the second layer is an electron acceptor layer, and the second electrode is a cathode. As a further example, when the first layer is an electron acceptor layer, the first electrode is a cathode, the second layer is an electron donor layer, and the second electrode is an anode.

Abstract translation: 制造具有本体异质结的有机光电子器件的方法包括以下步骤：通过有机气相沉积在第一电极上沉积第一层，其中第一层包含第一有机小分子材料; 在所述第一层上沉积第二层使得所述第二层与所述第一层物理接触，其中所述第一层上的所述第二层的界面形成体异质结; 以及在所述第二层上沉积第二电极以形成所述光电器件。 在另一个实施例中，具有突起的第一层沉积在第一电极上，其中第一层包括第一有机小分子材料。 例如，当第一层是电子供体层时，第一电极是阳极，第二层是电子受体层，第二电极是阴极。 作为另一个例子，当第一层是电子受体层时，第一电极是阴极，第二层是电子供体层，第二电极是阳极。

公开(公告)号：US20060013549A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10892465

申请日：2004-07-16

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: G02B6/02

CPC classification number: H01L51/4253 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/4206 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5287 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A photoactive fiber is provided, as well as a method of fabricating such a fiber. The fiber has a conductive core including a first electrode. An organic layer surrounds and is electrically connected to the first electrode. A transparent second electrode surrounds and is electrically connected to the organic layer. Other layers, such as blocking layers or smoothing layers, may also be incorporated into the fiber. The fiber may be woven into a cloth.

公开(公告)号：US20080025681A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11725641

申请日：2007-03-19

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/12

CPC classification number: H01L51/4253 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/4206 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5287 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A photoactive fiber is provided, as well as a method of fabricating such a fiber. The fiber has a conductive core including a first electrode. An organic layer surrounds and is electrically connected to the first electrode. A transparent second electrode surrounds and is electrically connected to the organic layer. Other layers, such as blocking layers or smoothing layers, may also be incorporated into the fiber. The fiber may be woven into a cloth.

Abstract translation: 提供光活性纤维，以及制造这种纤维的方法。 光纤具有包括第一电极的导电芯。 有机层包围并电连接到第一电极。 透明的第二电极围绕并电连接到有机层。 其它层，例如阻挡层或平滑层，也可以并入纤维中。 纤维可以编织成布。

公开(公告)号：US20050214452A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-29

申请号：US10810853

申请日：2004-03-29

Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Max Shtein

Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Max Shtein

IPC: G01Q30/02 ,  G01Q60/18 ,  C09K7/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/262

Abstract: A device is provided. The device includes a base, and a reservoir disposed in the base. The reservoir is defined by a cladding and the base, and has an opening with a largest dimension of about 200 nm or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, and most preferably 60 nm or less. A material may be disposed within the reservoir. The base may be attached to a position control apparatus that may control the position of the base with an accuracy on the order of nanometers. The position control apparatus may include an atomic force microsope and/or a near field scanning optical microscope. The base may also be coupled to an energy application apparatus that may apply energy to the material. The device may be used to deposit material onto a substrate with a very high resolution, on the order of a few molecules across. The device may also be used to remove material from a substrate with a very high resolution by transmitting energy through the base. A device used for such removal may or may not include a reservoir.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种设备。 该装置包括底座和设置在基座中的储存器。 储存器由包层和基底限定，并且具有最大尺寸为约200nm或更小，更优选为100nm或更小，最优选为60nm或更小的开口。 材料可以设置在储存器内。 基座可以附接到位置控制装置，该位置控制装置可以以大约数量级的精度控制基座的位置。 位置控制装置可以包括原子力微透镜和/或近场扫描光学显微镜。 基座还可以耦合到能够施加能量到材料的能量施加装置。 该器件可用于以非常高的分辨率将材料沉积到衬底上，几分子跨越数量级。 该装置还可以用于通过将能量透过基底以非常高的分辨率从衬底去除材料。 用于这种去除的装置可以包括或可以不包括储存器。

公开(公告)号：US20050087131A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

申请号：US10690704

申请日：2003-10-23

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Joe Michels

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Joe Michels

IPC: C23C14/04 ,  C23C14/12 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/40 ,  C23C16/00 ,  B05D3/00

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0081

Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying an organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas. In some embodiments, the background pressure is at least about 10e-3 Torr, more preferably about 0.1 Torr, more preferably about 1 Torr, more preferably about 10 Torr, more preferably about 100 Torr, and most preferably about 760 Torr. A device is also provided. The device includes a nozzle, which further includes a nozzle tube having a first exhaust aperture and a first gas inlet; and a jacket surrounding the nozzle tube, the jacket having a second exhaust aperture and a second gas inlet. The second exhaust aperture completely surrounds the first tube aperture. A carrier gas source and an organic source vessel may be connected to the first gas inlet. A guard flow gas source may be connected to the second gas inlet. The device may include an array of such nozzles.

Abstract translation: 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积在基板上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。 在一些实施方案中，背景压力为至少约10e-3乇，更优选约0.1乇，更优选约1乇，更优选约10乇，更优选约100乇，最优选约760乇。 还提供了一种设备。 所述装置包括喷嘴，所述喷嘴还包括具有第一排气孔和第一气体入口的喷嘴管; 以及围绕喷嘴管的护套，护套具有第二排气孔和第二气体入口。 第二排气孔完全围绕第一管孔。 载气源和有机源容器可以连接到第一气体入口。 保护流气源可以连接到第二气体入口。 该装置可以包括这种喷嘴的阵列。

公开(公告)号：US11374172B2

公开(公告)日：2022-06-28

申请号：US12974070

申请日：2010-12-21

Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Richard Lunt

Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Richard Lunt

IPC: C23C14/12 ,  C23C16/455 ,  C23C16/44 ,  C23C14/24 ,  H01L51/00

Abstract: Methods and systems for organic vapor jet deposition are provided, where an exhaust is disposed between adjacent nozzles. The exhaust may reduce pressure buildup in the nozzles and between the nozzles and the substrate, leading to improved deposition profiles, resolution, and improved nozzle-to-nozzle uniformity. The exhaust may be in fluid communication with an ambient vacuum, or may be directly connected to a vacuum source.

公开(公告)号：US20150357366A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-10

申请号：US14720312

申请日：2015-05-22

Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Xin Xu ,  Christopher Kyle Renshaw

Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Xin Xu ,  Christopher Kyle Renshaw

IPC: H01L27/146 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/0304

CPC classification number: H01L27/14643 ,  H01L27/1446 ,  H01L27/14618 ,  H01L27/14636 ,  H01L31/022408 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/03926 ,  H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  H01L31/1892 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y02E10/548

Abstract: A device includes a three-dimensionally curved substrate, a patterned metal layer disposed on the curved substrate, and an array of optoelectronic devices, each optoelectronic device including an optoelectronic structure supported by the curved substrate. Each optoelectronic structure includes an inorganic semiconductor stack. The device further includes a set of contact stripes extending across the curved substrate, each optoelectronic structure being coupled to a respective contact stripe of the set of contact stripes. The array of optoelectronic devices is secured to the curved substrate via a bond between the patterned metal layer and the set of contact stripes.

Abstract translation: 一种器件包括三维弯曲的衬底，设置在弯曲衬底上的图案化金属层和光电器件阵列，每个光电器件包括由弯曲衬底支撑的光电结构。 每个光电子结构包括无机半导体堆叠。 该装置还包括跨越弯曲基板延伸的一组接触条，每个光电子结构耦合到该组接触条的相应接触条。 光电子器件的阵列通过图案化的金属层和一组接触条之间的接合固定到弯曲的基底上。

公开(公告)号：US09065010B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-23

申请号：US13536003

申请日：2012-06-28

Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Xin Xu ,  Christopher Kyle Renshaw

Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Xin Xu ,  Christopher Kyle Renshaw

IPC: H01L21/00 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L27/144 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/075

CPC classification number: H01L27/14643 ,  H01L27/1446 ,  H01L27/14618 ,  H01L27/14636 ,  H01L31/022408 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/03926 ,  H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  H01L31/1892 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y02E10/548

Abstract: A method of fabricating an optoelectronic device includes creating an optoelectronic structure on a first substrate. The optoelectronic structure includes a release layer and a plurality of inorganic semiconductor layers supported by the release layer. The plurality of inorganic semiconductor layers is configured to be active in operation of the optoelectronic device. The plurality of inorganic semiconductor layers are permanently attached to a second substrate, which is flexible. The plurality of inorganic semiconductor layers are released from the first substrate after the attaching step, and the second substrate is deformed to a non-planar configuration.

Abstract translation: 制造光电子器件的方法包括在第一衬底上产生光电子结构。 光电结构包括释放层和由释放层支撑的多个无机半导体层。 多个无机半导体层被配置为在光电子器件的操作中是有效的。 多个无机半导体层永久地附接到柔性的第二基板上。 在安装步骤之后，多个无机半导体层从第一基板释放，第二基板变形为非平面构造。

公开(公告)号：US08952362B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US13600651

申请日：2012-08-31

Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Yifan Zhang

Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Yifan Zhang

IPC: H01L51/54

CPC classification number: H01L51/5012 ,  H01L2251/55

Abstract: A first device is provided. The first device further comprises an organic light emitting device. The organic light emitting device further comprises an anode, a cathode, and an emissive layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The emissive layer may include an organic host compound and at least one organic emitting compound capable of fluorescent emission at room temperature. Various configurations are described for providing a range of current densities in which T-T fusion dominates over S-T annihilation, leading to very high efficiency fluorescent OLEDs.

Abstract translation: 提供第一个设备。 第一器件还包括有机发光器件。 有机发光器件还包括阳极，阴极和布置在阳极和阴极之间的发光层。 发射层可以包括在室温下能够发荧光的有机主体化合物和至少一种有机发光化合物。 描述了各种配置以提供一定范围的电流密度，其中T-T融合优于S-T湮灭，导致非常高效率的荧光OLED。