公开(公告)号：US20050227390A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-13

申请号：US10999716

申请日：2004-11-30

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/42

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4213 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method of fabricating an optoelectronic device comprises: depositing a first layer having protrusions over a first electrode, in which the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material; depositing a second layer on the first layer such that the second layer is in physical contact with the first layer; in which the smallest lateral dimension of the protrusions are between 1 to 5 times the exciton diffusion length of the first organic small molecule material; and depositing a second electrode over the second layer to form the optoelectronic device. A method of fabricating an organic optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction is also provided and comprises: depositing a first layer with protrusions over an electrode by organic vapor phase deposition; depositing a second layer on the first layer where the interface of the first and second layers forms a bulk heterojunction; and depositing another electrode over the second layer.

Abstract translation: 制造光电器件的方法包括：在第一电极上沉积具有突起的第一层，其中第一层包含第一有机小分子材料; 在所述第一层上沉积第二层，使得所述第二层与所述第一层物理接触; 其中突起的最小横向尺寸为第一有机小分子材料的激子扩散长度的1至5倍; 以及在所述第二层上沉积第二电极以形成所述光电器件。 还提供了制造具有体异质结的有机光电子器件的方法，其包括：通过有机气相沉积在电极上沉积具有突起的第一层; 在第一层上沉积第二层，其中第一和第二层的界面形成体异质结; 并在第二层上沉积另一电极。

公开(公告)号：US20050227406A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-13

申请号：US10824288

申请日：2004-04-13

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/42

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4213 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction comprises the steps of: depositing a first layer over a first electrode by organic vapor phase deposition, wherein the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material; depositing a second layer on the first layer such that the second layer is in physical contact with the first layer, wherein the interface of the second layer on the first layer forms a bulk heterojunction; and depositing a second electrode over the second layer to form the optoelectronic device. In another embodiment, a first layer having protrusions is deposited over the first electrode, wherein the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material. For example, when the first layer is an electron donor layer, the first electrode is an anode, the second layer is an electron acceptor layer, and the second electrode is a cathode. As a further example, when the first layer is an electron acceptor layer, the first electrode is a cathode, the second layer is an electron donor layer, and the second electrode is an anode.

Abstract translation: 制造具有本体异质结的有机光电子器件的方法包括以下步骤：通过有机气相沉积在第一电极上沉积第一层，其中第一层包含第一有机小分子材料; 在所述第一层上沉积第二层使得所述第二层与所述第一层物理接触，其中所述第一层上的所述第二层的界面形成体异质结; 以及在所述第二层上沉积第二电极以形成所述光电器件。 在另一个实施例中，具有突起的第一层沉积在第一电极上，其中第一层包括第一有机小分子材料。 例如，当第一层是电子供体层时，第一电极是阳极，第二层是电子受体层，第二电极是阴极。 作为另一个例子，当第一层是电子受体层时，第一电极是阴极，第二层是电子供体层，第二电极是阳极。

公开(公告)号：US20060013549A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10892465

申请日：2004-07-16

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: G02B6/02

CPC classification number: H01L51/4253 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/4206 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5287 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A photoactive fiber is provided, as well as a method of fabricating such a fiber. The fiber has a conductive core including a first electrode. An organic layer surrounds and is electrically connected to the first electrode. A transparent second electrode surrounds and is electrically connected to the organic layer. Other layers, such as blocking layers or smoothing layers, may also be incorporated into the fiber. The fiber may be woven into a cloth.

公开(公告)号：US20080025681A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11725641

申请日：2007-03-19

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC: G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/12

CPC classification number: H01L51/4253 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/4206 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5287 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A photoactive fiber is provided, as well as a method of fabricating such a fiber. The fiber has a conductive core including a first electrode. An organic layer surrounds and is electrically connected to the first electrode. A transparent second electrode surrounds and is electrically connected to the organic layer. Other layers, such as blocking layers or smoothing layers, may also be incorporated into the fiber. The fiber may be woven into a cloth.

Abstract translation: 提供光活性纤维，以及制造这种纤维的方法。 光纤具有包括第一电极的导电芯。 有机层包围并电连接到第一电极。 透明的第二电极围绕并电连接到有机层。 其它层，例如阻挡层或平滑层，也可以并入纤维中。 纤维可以编织成布。

公开(公告)号：US20050214452A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-29

申请号：US10810853

申请日：2004-03-29

Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Max Shtein

Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Max Shtein

IPC: G01Q30/02 ,  G01Q60/18 ,  C09K7/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/262

Abstract: A device is provided. The device includes a base, and a reservoir disposed in the base. The reservoir is defined by a cladding and the base, and has an opening with a largest dimension of about 200 nm or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, and most preferably 60 nm or less. A material may be disposed within the reservoir. The base may be attached to a position control apparatus that may control the position of the base with an accuracy on the order of nanometers. The position control apparatus may include an atomic force microsope and/or a near field scanning optical microscope. The base may also be coupled to an energy application apparatus that may apply energy to the material. The device may be used to deposit material onto a substrate with a very high resolution, on the order of a few molecules across. The device may also be used to remove material from a substrate with a very high resolution by transmitting energy through the base. A device used for such removal may or may not include a reservoir.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种设备。 该装置包括底座和设置在基座中的储存器。 储存器由包层和基底限定，并且具有最大尺寸为约200nm或更小，更优选为100nm或更小，最优选为60nm或更小的开口。 材料可以设置在储存器内。 基座可以附接到位置控制装置，该位置控制装置可以以大约数量级的精度控制基座的位置。 位置控制装置可以包括原子力微透镜和/或近场扫描光学显微镜。 基座还可以耦合到能够施加能量到材料的能量施加装置。 该器件可用于以非常高的分辨率将材料沉积到衬底上，几分子跨越数量级。 该装置还可以用于通过将能量透过基底以非常高的分辨率从衬底去除材料。 用于这种去除的装置可以包括或可以不包括储存器。

公开(公告)号：US20050087131A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

申请号：US10690704

申请日：2003-10-23

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Joe Michels

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Joe Michels

IPC: C23C14/04 ,  C23C14/12 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/30 ,  H01L51/40 ,  C23C16/00 ,  B05D3/00

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0081

Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying an organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas. In some embodiments, the background pressure is at least about 10e-3 Torr, more preferably about 0.1 Torr, more preferably about 1 Torr, more preferably about 10 Torr, more preferably about 100 Torr, and most preferably about 760 Torr. A device is also provided. The device includes a nozzle, which further includes a nozzle tube having a first exhaust aperture and a first gas inlet; and a jacket surrounding the nozzle tube, the jacket having a second exhaust aperture and a second gas inlet. The second exhaust aperture completely surrounds the first tube aperture. A carrier gas source and an organic source vessel may be connected to the first gas inlet. A guard flow gas source may be connected to the second gas inlet. The device may include an array of such nozzles.

Abstract translation: 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积在基板上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。 在一些实施方案中，背景压力为至少约10e-3乇，更优选约0.1乇，更优选约1乇，更优选约10乇，更优选约100乇，最优选约760乇。 还提供了一种设备。 所述装置包括喷嘴，所述喷嘴还包括具有第一排气孔和第一气体入口的喷嘴管; 以及围绕喷嘴管的护套，护套具有第二排气孔和第二气体入口。 第二排气孔完全围绕第一管孔。 载气源和有机源容器可以连接到第一气体入口。 保护流气源可以连接到第二气体入口。 该装置可以包括这种喷嘴的阵列。

公开(公告)号：US07970242B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

申请号：US12253310

申请日：2008-10-17

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Kevin P. Pipe

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Kevin P. Pipe

IPC: G02B6/12

CPC classification number: H01L27/301 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L2251/5338 ,  Y10S385/901

Abstract: A fiber-based electric apparatus includes an elongate, flexible fiber core. The apparatus also includes an electric device layered on the fiber core.

Abstract translation: 一种基于纤维的电气设备包括细长的柔性纤维芯。 该装置还包括层叠在纤维芯上的电气装置。

公开(公告)号：US07026187B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-11

申请号：US10819658

申请日：2004-04-06

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/40

CPC classification number: H01L51/0545 ,  B05D1/60 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0002 ,  H01L51/0052 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method of employing organic vapor phase deposition to fabricate a polycrystalline organic thin film is described. By employing organic vapor phase deposition at moderate deposition chamber pressures and substrate temperatures, a polycrystalline organic thin film results having significantly larger purity and grain size than what is achievable by vacuum thermal evaporation. These polycrystalline organic thin films may be employed in a variety of applications, including, for example, organic light emitting devices, photovoltaic cells, photodetectors, lasers, and thin film transistors.

Abstract translation: 描述了使用有机气相沉积来制造多晶有机薄膜的方法。 通过在中等沉积室压力和衬底温度下采用有机气相沉积，多晶有机薄膜具有比通过真空热蒸发可实现的显着更大的纯度和晶粒尺寸。 这些多晶有机薄膜可以用于各种应用中，包括例如有机发光器件，光伏电池，光电检测器，激光器和薄膜晶体管。

公开(公告)号：US20110308077A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-22

申请号：US13154186

申请日：2011-06-06

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Kevin P. Pipe

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Kevin P. Pipe

IPC: H01R43/00 ,  B05D5/12

CPC classification number: H01L51/5287 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02B6/001 ,  G02B6/036 ,  H01L25/048 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L2251/5338 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y10S385/901 ,  Y10T29/49117 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fiber-based electric apparatus includes providing an elongate, flexible fiber core and layering an electric device on the fiber core.

Abstract translation: 一种制造基于纤维的电气设备的方法包括提供细长的柔性纤维芯，并在光纤芯上分层电气装置。

公开(公告)号：US20110253200A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-20

申请号：US13087665

申请日：2011-04-15

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Kevin P. Pipe ,  Brendan T. O'Connor ,  Denis Nothern

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Kevin P. Pipe ,  Brendan T. O'Connor ,  Denis Nothern

IPC: H01L31/048 ,  H01L31/042

CPC classification number: H01L31/042 ,  H01L27/302 ,  H01L27/304 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/043 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  H01L31/0549 ,  H01L51/447 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A novel solar cell architecture consisting of multiple fiber-based photovoltaic (PV) cells. Each PV fiber element is designed to maximize the power conversion efficiency within a narrow band of the incident solar spectrum, while reflecting other spectral components through the use of optical microcavity effects and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) coatings. Combining PV fibers with complementary absorption and reflection characteristics into volume-filling arrays produces an array of spectrally tuned solar cells with an effective dispersion element intrinsic to the architecture, resulting in high external quantum efficiency over the visible spectrum.

Abstract translation: 一种由多个光纤（PV）电池组成的新型太阳能电池结构。 每个PV光纤元件被设计成使入射太阳光谱的窄带内的功率转换效率最大化，同时通过使用光学微腔效应和分布式布拉格反射器（DBR）涂层反射其他光谱分量。 将光纤纤维与补充吸收和反射特性组合成体积填充阵列产生一系列频谱调谐的太阳能电池，具有该体系结构固有的有效色散元件，从而在可见光谱上产生高的外部量子效率。