公开(公告)号：US20070167317A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

申请号：US11692895

申请日：2007-03-28

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  James DYE

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  James DYE

IPC: B01J21/00

CPC classification number: B01J35/002 ,  B01J20/02 ,  B01J20/103 ,  B01J20/28047 ,  B01J20/28078 ,  B01J20/28097 ,  B01J20/281 ,  B01J20/291 ,  B01J20/3078 ,  B01J20/3204 ,  B01J20/3236 ,  B01J23/04 ,  B01J37/023 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J2220/42 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  B01J2220/56 ,  B01J2220/58 ,  C01B3/001 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C07C2/861 ,  C07C2/868 ,  C07D333/76 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02E60/36 ,  C07C15/18 ,  C07C15/14

Abstract: The invention relates to Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions comprising silica gel and an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy. The compositions of the inventions are described as Stage 0, I, II, and III materials. These materials differ in their preparation and chemical reactivity. Each successive stage may be prepared directly using the methods described below or from an earlier stage material. Stage 0 materials may, for example, be prepared using liquid alloys of Na and K which are rapidly absorbed by silica gel (porous SiO2) under isothermal conditions, preferably at or just above room temperature, to form loose black powders that retain much of the reducing ability of the parent metals. When the low melting Group 1 metals are absorbed into the silica gel, a mild exothermic reaction produces Stage I material, loose black powders that are indefinitely stable in dry air. Subsequent heating to 400° C. produces Stage II materials, which are also loose black powders. Further heating above 400° C. forms Stage III material with release of some Group 1 metal. It is believed that Stage I, II and III materials represent reductions of the silica gel after absorption of the Group 1 metal. Preferred Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions of the invention are those containing sodium, potassium, or sodium-potassium alloys with sodium and sodium-potassium alloys being most preferred. Each stage of the Group 1 metal/silica gel composition of the invention may be used as a reducing agent reacting with a number of reducible organic materials in the same manner known for alkali metals and their alloys.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及包含硅胶和碱金属或碱金属合金的第1族金属/硅胶组合物。 本发明的组合物被描述为阶段0，I，II和III材料。 这些材料的制备和化学反应性不同。 可以使用下述方法或从较早阶段的材料直接制备每个连续阶段。 例如，可以使用在等温条件下优选在或高于室温的硅胶（多孔SiO 2）快速吸收的Na和K的液体合金来制备阶段0材料，以形成 松散的黑色粉末保留了母体金属的大部分还原能力。 当低熔点的第1族金属被吸收到硅胶中时，温和的放热反应产生阶段I材料，在干燥空气中无限稳定的松散的黑色粉末。 随后加热至400°C，产生阶段II材料，它们也是松散的黑色粉末。 在400℃以上进一步加热，形成具有一些第1组金属释放的III级材料。 据认为，I，II和III族材料表示吸收第1族金属后硅胶的减少。 本发明优选的第1族金属/硅胶组合物是含有钠，钾或钠 - 钾合金的那些，其中钠和钠 - 钾合金是最优选的。 本发明的第1族金属/硅胶组合物的每个阶段可以以与碱金属及其合金已知的相同的方式用作与许多可还原的有机材料反应的还原剂。

公开(公告)号：US20090105430A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-23

申请号：US12239296

申请日：2008-09-26

Applicant: Mana ITO ,  Stephane CARLOTTI ,  Alain DEFFIEUX ,  Michael LEFENFELD

Inventor： Mana ITO ,  Stephane CARLOTTI ,  Alain DEFFIEUX ,  Michael LEFENFELD

IPC: C08F2/10

CPC classification number: C07C7/12 ,  C07C7/14841 ,  C08F4/025 ,  C08F4/463 ,  C08F6/003 ,  C08F112/08 ,  Y10S526/912 ,  C07C11/18 ,  C07C15/46 ,  C07C13/18

Abstract: Stage I Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide compositions or Stage II Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide compositions are shown to be useful to remove impurities and act as drying agents for various types of solvents and for olefinic monomers used in anionic polymerizations. One important advantage of these compositions is their ability to dry simultaneously solvent and monomers, without inducing a significant polymerization of the latter. Another important characteristic is the capacity of the compositions to be totally inactive toward conventional anionic polymerization which allows them to be left in situ during the polymerization itself.

Abstract translation: 阶段I第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物或II级第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物被证明可用于除去杂质并用作各种类型的溶剂和用于阴离子聚合的烯烃单体的干燥剂。 这些组合物的一个重要优点是它们能够同时干燥溶剂和单体，而不会引起后者的显着聚合。 另一个重要的特征是组合物对于常规的阴离子聚合完全无活性的能力，这允许它们在聚合本身期间留在原位。

公开(公告)号：US20120201734A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-09

申请号：US13445557

申请日：2012-04-12

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. DYE

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. DYE

IPC: C01B33/06 ,  B08B7/00 ,  F24J1/00 ,  C01B3/06

CPC classification number: C11D7/04 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C01B3/08 ,  C01B33/06 ,  C11D17/042 ,  F24V30/00 ,  Y02E60/364

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of making alkali metal silicide compositions, and the compositions resulting from the method, comprising mixing an alkali metal with silicon and heating the resulting mixture to a temperature below about 475° C. The resulting compositions do not react with dry O2. Also, the invention relates to sodium silicide compositions having a powder X-ray diffraction pattern comprising at least three peaks with 2Theta angles selected from about 18.2, 28.5, 29.5, 33.7, 41.2, 47.4, and 56.2 and a solid state 23Na MAS NMR spectra peak at about 18 ppm. Moreover, the invention relates to methods of removing a volatile or flammable substance in a controlled manner. Furthermore, the alkali metal silicide compositions of the invention react with water to produce hydrogen gas.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种制备碱金属硅化物组合物的方法和由该方法得到的组合物，其包括将碱金属与硅混合并将所得混合物加热至低于约475℃的温度。所得组合物不与干 O2。 此外，本发明涉及具有粉末X射线衍射图的硅化钠组合物，其包含至少三个具有选自约18.2,28.5,29.5,33.7,41.2,47.4和56.2的2θ角的峰和固态23Na MAS NMR光谱 峰值约为18ppm。 此外，本发明涉及以受控方式除去挥发性或易燃物质的方法。 此外，本发明的碱金属硅化物组合物与水反应产生氢气。

公开(公告)号：US20120115054A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US13291815

申请日：2011-11-08

Applicant: Andrew P. WALLACE ,  John M. MELACK ,  Michael LEFENFELD

Inventor： Andrew P. WALLACE ,  John M. MELACK ,  Michael LEFENFELD

IPC: H01M8/06

CPC classification number: H01M8/04208 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C01B3/065 ,  C01B3/08 ,  F17C11/005 ,  H01M8/04216 ,  H01M8/065 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02E60/362

Abstract: A water reactive hydrogen fueled power system includes devices and methods to combine reactant fuel materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is converted in a fuel cell to provide electricity. The water reactive hydrogen fueled power system includes a fuel cell, a water feed tray, and a fuel cartridge to generate power for portable power electronics. The removable fuel cartridge is encompassed by the water feed tray and fuel cell. The water feed tray is refillable with water by a user. The water is then transferred from the water feed tray into the fuel cartridge to generate hydrogen for the fuel cell which then produces power for the user.

Abstract translation: 水反应性氢燃料动力系统包括将反应物燃料和水溶液组合以产生氢的装置和方法。 所产生的氢气在燃料电池中转化以提供电力。 水反应性氢燃料电力系统包括燃料电池，供水盘和用于为便携式电力电子产生电力的燃料盒。 可拆卸的燃料盒被供水盘和燃料电池包围。 供水托盘可由用户重新填充水。 然后将水从供水盘传送到燃料盒中，以产生用于燃料电池的氢气，然后为用户产生电力。

公开(公告)号：US20100249476A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-30

申请号：US12692561

申请日：2010-01-22

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  Robert RAJA ,  Alexander James PATERSON ,  Matthew Edward POTTER

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  Robert RAJA ,  Alexander James PATERSON ,  Matthew Edward POTTER

IPC: C07C1/00 ,  C01B25/45 ,  C01B25/36

CPC classification number: B01J29/84 ,  B01J29/85 ,  B01J35/1057 ,  C01B37/065 ,  C01B37/08 ,  C01B39/54 ,  C07C1/24 ,  C07C2529/84 ,  C07C2529/85 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  C07C11/04 ,  C07C11/09 ,  C07C11/06 ,  C07C15/46

Abstract: The disclosure describes a new class of isomorphously metal-substituted aluminophosphate materials with high phase purity that are capable of performing selective Brönsted acid catalyzed chemical transformations, such as transforming alcohols to olefins, with high conversions and selectivities using mild conditions. Isomorphous substitutions of functional metal ions for both the aluminum ions and the phosphorous ions were successful in various AlPO structures, along with multiple metal substitutions into a single aluminum site and/or a phosphorous site. This invention can be used towards the catalytic conversion of hydroxylated compounds of linear and/or branched moiety with the possibility of being substituted to their respective hydrocarbon products, preferably light olefins containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, among other chemistries.

Abstract translation: 本公开描述了一类具有高相纯度的同晶金属取代的磷酸铝材料，其能够使用温和条件进行选择性布朗斯台德酸催化的化学转化，例如将醇转化为烯烃，具有高转化率和选择性。 铝离子和磷离子的功能金属离子的同晶取代在各种AlPO结构中成功，以及多个金属取代成单个铝位点和/或磷位置。 本发明可以用于线性和/或支化部分的羟基化化合物的催化转化，并且可以将其取代为各自的烃产物，优选含有2至10个碳原子的轻质烯烃等化学物质。

公开(公告)号：US20100166648A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

申请号：US12723588

申请日：2010-03-12

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. Dye

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. Dye

IPC: C01B3/08 ,  C07C15/28 ,  C07C1/00

CPC classification number: B01J35/002 ,  B01J20/02 ,  B01J20/103 ,  B01J20/28047 ,  B01J20/28078 ,  B01J20/28097 ,  B01J20/281 ,  B01J20/291 ,  B01J20/3078 ,  B01J20/3204 ,  B01J20/3236 ,  B01J23/04 ,  B01J37/023 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J2220/42 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  B01J2220/56 ,  B01J2220/58 ,  C01B3/001 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C07C2/861 ,  C07C2/868 ,  C07D333/76 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02E60/36 ,  C07C15/18 ,  C07C15/14

Abstract: The invention relates to Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions comprising silica gel and an alkali metal or alloy, wherein Group 1 metals or alloys are absorbed into the silica gel pores. The invention relates to producing hydrogen gas comprising contacting a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition with water, and further relates to an alkali metal reduction of an organic compound, the improvement comprising contacting the organic compound with a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition. In these embodiments, the Group 1 metal/silica gel composition reacts with dry O2. The invention also relates to producing hydrogen gas comprising contacting a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition with water, and further relates to an alkali metal reduction of an organic compound, the improvement comprising contacting the organic compound with a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition. In these embodiments, the Group 1 metal/silica gel composition produced does not react with dry O2.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及包含硅胶和碱金属或合金的第1族金属/硅胶组合物，其中第1族金属或合金被吸收到硅胶孔中。 本发明涉及生产氢气，包括使第1族金属/硅胶组合物与水接触，还涉及有机化合物的碱金属还原，其改进包括使有机化合物与第1族金属/硅胶组合物接触。 在这些实施方案中，第1族金属/硅胶组合物与干燥的O 2反应。 本发明还涉及生产氢气，包括使第1族金属/硅胶组合物与水接触，还涉及有机化合物的碱金属还原，其改进包括使有机化合物与第1族金属/硅胶组合物 。 在这些实施方案中，所生产的第1族金属/硅胶组合物不与干燥的O 2反应。

公开(公告)号：US20090187486A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-23

申请号：US12355452

申请日：2009-01-16

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  Randall DAVIS

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  Randall DAVIS

IPC: G06Q30/00 ,  G06F17/30

CPC classification number: G06Q30/0277 ,  G06Q30/02

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention permit a user to receive content that is directly targeted to that particular user's interests, including a method for targeting content that is arranged on a page that is displayable by a computing device, including the steps of displaying a list of categories of available advertising content, wherein the available advertising content is stored in a database, receiving a selection of at least one of the categories of the advertising content from a user, selecting advertising content from the database that corresponds to the selection of categories received from the user, and transmitting a page including the selected advertising content to a computing device for display on the computing device. In addition, embodiments of the present invention allow the tracking of content from when it is initially shared, to when revenue is generated based on an action of a user on the shared content portion.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施例允许用户接收直接针对该特定用户兴趣的内容，包括用于定位布置在可由计算设备显示的页面上的内容的方法，包括以下步骤：显示类别列表 可用的广告内容，其中所述可用的广告内容存储在数据库中，从用户接收对所述广告内容的类别中的至少一个的选择，从所述数据库中选择与从所述广告内容接收的类别的选择相对应的广告内容 用户，并且将包括所选择的广告内容的页面发送到计算设备以在所述计算设备上显示。 此外，本发明的实施例允许从原始共享的内容到内容的跟踪，基于用户对共享内容部分的动作来生成收入。

公开(公告)号：US20120199789A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-09

申请号：US13197942

申请日：2011-08-04

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. Dye

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. Dye

IPC: C09K3/00

CPC classification number: B01J35/002 ,  B01J20/02 ,  B01J20/103 ,  B01J20/28047 ,  B01J20/28078 ,  B01J20/28097 ,  B01J20/281 ,  B01J20/291 ,  B01J20/3078 ,  B01J20/3204 ,  B01J20/3236 ,  B01J23/04 ,  B01J37/023 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J2220/42 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  B01J2220/56 ,  B01J2220/58 ,  C01B3/001 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C07C2/861 ,  C07C2/868 ,  C07D333/76 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02E60/36 ,  C07C15/18 ,  C07C15/14

Abstract: The invention relates to Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions comprising silica gel and an alkali metal or alloy, wherein Group 1 metals or alloys are absorbed into the silica gel pores. The invention relates to producing hydrogen gas comprising contacting a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition with water, and further relates to an alkali metal reduction of an organic compound, the improvement comprising contacting the organic compound with a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition. In these embodiments, the Group 1 metal/silica gel composition reacts with dry O2. The invention also relates to producing hydrogen gas comprising contacting a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition with water, and further relates to an alkali metal reduction of an organic compound, the improvement comprising contacting the organic compound with a Group 1 metal/silica gel composition. In these embodiments, the Group 1 metal/silica gel composition produced does not react with dry O2.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及包含硅胶和碱金属或合金的第1族金属/硅胶组合物，其中第1族金属或合金被吸收到硅胶孔中。 本发明涉及生产氢气，包括使第1族金属/硅胶组合物与水接触，还涉及有机化合物的碱金属还原，其改进包括使有机化合物与第1族金属/硅胶组合物接触。 在这些实施方案中，第1族金属/硅胶组合物与干燥的O 2反应。 本发明还涉及生产氢气，包括使第1族金属/硅胶组合物与水接触，还涉及有机化合物的碱金属还原，其改进包括使有机化合物与第1族金属/硅胶组合物 。 在这些实施方案中，所生产的第1族金属/硅胶组合物与干燥的O 2不反应。

公开(公告)号：US20080111104A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-15

申请号：US11852820

申请日：2007-09-10

Applicant: Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. DYE ,  Partha NANDI ,  James JACKSON

Inventor： Michael LEFENFELD ,  James L. DYE ,  Partha NANDI ,  James JACKSON

IPC: H01M4/58 ,  B05D5/12

CPC classification number: C07F1/02 ,  C01C1/026 ,  C01D15/00 ,  C01P2002/86 ,  C01P2002/87 ,  C01P2002/89 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: The invention relates to lithium metal/porous metal oxide compositions. These lithium metal compositions are prepared by mixing liquid lithium metal with a porous metal oxide in an inert atmosphere under exothermic conditions sufficient to absorb the liquid lithium metal into the porous metal oxide pores. The lithium metal/porous metal oxide compositions of the invention are preferably loaded with lithium metal up to about 40% by weight, with about 20% to 40% by weight being the most preferred loading. The invention also relates to lithium reagent-porous metal oxide compositions having RLi absorbed into a porous oxide. In formula RLi, R is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group, or an NR1R2 group; R1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group; and R2 is hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, and an alkaryl group. The preparation and use of these compositions are also described.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及锂金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物。 这些锂金属组合物通过在惰性气氛中将液态锂金属与多孔金属氧化物混合，在足以将液态锂金属吸收到多孔金属氧化物孔中的放热条件下来制备。 本发明的锂金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物优选负载高达约40重量％的锂金属，其中最优选的负载量为约20重量％至40重量％。 本发明还涉及具有吸收到多孔氧化物中的RLi的锂试剂多孔金属氧化物组合物。 在式RLi中，R是烷基，烯基，炔基，芳基，烷芳基或NR 1 R 2 O 2基; R 1是烷基，烯基，炔基，芳基，烷芳基; R 2是氢，烷基，烯基，炔基，芳基和烷芳基。 还描述了这些组合物的制备和用途。

公开(公告)号：US20120282166A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-08

申请号：US13465863

申请日：2012-05-07

Applicant: Andrew P. WALLACE ,  John M. MELACK ,  Michael LEFENFELD

Inventor： Andrew P. WALLACE ,  John M. MELACK ,  Michael LEFENFELD

IPC: C01B3/06 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: C01B3/06 ,  B01J7/02 ,  C01B3/065 ,  C01B3/501 ,  Y02E60/362

Abstract: A water reactive hydrogen generation system includes devices and methods to combine reactant fuel materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is used in a fuel cell or other application. The water reactive hydrogen generation system includes a reactant fuel chamber, a reactor chamber (zone), a water solution inlet, a hydrogen output port, and a material delivery device. The material delivery device can include a drive screw and a sliding piston to move the fuel material into the reactor zone when a reaction is initiated. As the reaction takes place, the reaction waste product is removed from the reaction zone to allow additional reactant fuel materials and aqueous solutions to be introduced and to continue the hydrogen-generating reaction. A reaction waste product created is exchanged for additional reactant fuel material at determined intervals to allow the reaction to continue until the reactant fuel is exhausted.

Abstract translation: 水反应性氢生成系统包括将反应物燃料和水溶液组合以产生氢的装置和方法。 产生的氢气用于燃料电池或其他应用。 水反应性氢产生系统包括反应物燃料室，反应室（区），水溶液入口，氢输出口和物料输送装置。 当反应开始时，材料输送装置可以包括驱动螺杆和滑动活塞以将燃料材料移动到反应器区域中。 当反应发生时，将反应废物从反应区除去，以允许引入另外的反应物燃料材料和水溶液并继续发生氢反应。 将所产生的反应废物与确定的间隔交换用于附加的反应物燃料，以允许反应持续直至反应物燃料排出。