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公开(公告)号：US06436346B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09395630
申请日：1999-09-14
申请人： Mitchel J. Doktycz , Charles L. Britton, Jr. , Stephen F. Smith , Patrick I. Oden , William L. Bryan , James A. Moore , Thomas G. Thundat , Robert J. Warmack
发明人： Mitchel J. Doktycz , Charles L. Britton, Jr. , Stephen F. Smith , Patrick I. Oden , William L. Bryan , James A. Moore , Thomas G. Thundat , Robert J. Warmack
IPC分类号： G01N2520
CPC分类号： G01K17/006
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for detecting and monitoring micro-volumetric enthalpic changes caused by molecular reactions. Micro-machining techniques are used to create very small thermally isolated masses incorporating temperature-sensitive circuitry. The thermally isolated masses are provided with a molecular layer or coating, and the temperature-sensitive circuitry provides an indication when the molecules of the coating are involved in an enthalpic reaction. The thermally isolated masses may be provided singly or in arrays and, in the latter case, the molecular coatings may differ to provide qualitative and/or quantitative assays of a substance.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于检测和监测由分子反应引起的微量焓变的方法和装置。 微加工技术用于创建非常小的热隔离块，并结合温度敏感电路。 热隔离的质量块设置有分子层或涂层，并且当涂层的分子参与焓反应时，温度敏感电路提供指示。 可以单独地或以阵列形式提供热分离的质量，并且在后一种情况下，分子涂层可以不同以提供物质的定性和/或定量测定。
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2.发明授权Capacitively readout multi-element sensor array with common-mode cancellation 有权电容式读出具有共模消除的多元件传感器阵列公开(公告)号：US06167748A
公开(公告)日：2001-01-02
申请号：US09144309
申请日：1998-08-31
申请人： Charles L. Britton, Jr. , Robert J. Warmack , William L. Bryan , Robert L. Jones , Patrick Ian Oden , Thomas Thundat
发明人： Charles L. Britton, Jr. , Robert J. Warmack , William L. Bryan , Robert L. Jones , Patrick Ian Oden , Thomas Thundat
IPC分类号： G01B716
CPC分类号： G01B7/023 , G01D5/2417 , G01N27/227 , Y10S436/806
摘要： An improved multi-element apparatus for detecting the presence of at least one chemical, biological or physical component in a monitored area comprising an array or single set of the following elements: a capacitive transducer having at least one cantilever spring element secured thereto, the cantilever element having an area thereof coated with a chemical having an affinity for the component to be detected; a pick-up plate positioned adjacent to the cantilever element at a distance such that a capacitance between the cantilever element and the pick-up plate changes as the distance between the cantilever element and the pick-up plate varies, the change in capacitance being a measurable variation; a detection means for measuring the measurable variation in the capacitance between the cantilever element and the pick-up plate that forms a measurement channel signal; and at least one feedback cantilever spring element positioned apart from the coated cantilever element, the cantilever element substantially unaffected by the component being monitored and providing a reference channel signal to the detection means that achieves a common mode cancellation between the measurement channel signal and reference channel signal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测被监测区域中至少一种化学，生物或物理组分的存在的改进的多元件装置，包括阵列或单组以下元件：具有固定到其上的至少一个悬臂弹簧元件的电容换能器，所述悬臂 元件，其面积涂覆有对要检测的组分具有亲和性的化学品; 一个与悬臂元件相邻的拾取板，其距离使得悬臂元件和拾取板之间的电容随着悬臂元件和拾取板之间的距离而变化，电容的变化是 可测量变化; 用于测量形成测量通道信号的悬臂元件和拾取板之间的电容的可测量变化的检测装置; 以及至少一个反向悬臂弹簧元件，其与所述涂覆的悬臂元件分开定位，所述悬臂元件基本上不受所监视的部件的影响，并且向所述检测装置提供参考通道信号，所述参考通道信号实现所述测量通道信号和参考通道之间的共模消除 信号。
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3.发明授权Space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers 有权运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计公开(公告)号：US07936270B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-03
申请号：US12406680
申请日：2009-03-18
CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 , G08B13/2462 , G08B21/12 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers. A method includes insitu polling a suite of passive integrating ionizing radiation sensors including reading-out dosimetric data from a first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and a second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor, where the first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and the second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor remain situated where the dosimetric data was integrated while reading-out. Another method includes arranging a plurality of ionizing radiation sensors in a spatially dispersed array; determining a relative position of each of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors to define a volume of interest; collecting ionizing radiation data from at least a subset of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors; and triggering an alarm condition when a dose level of an ionizing radiation source is calculated to exceed a threshold.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计的方法和装置。 一种方法包括自动轮询一套无源积分电离辐射传感器，包括来自第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二无源积分电离辐射传感器的读出剂量学数据，其中第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二被动积分电离 辐射传感器仍然位于读数时集成剂量测量数据的位置。 另一种方法包括在空间上分散的阵列中布置多个电离辐射传感器; 确定所述多个电离辐射传感器中的每一个的相对位置以限定感兴趣的体积; 从所述多个电离辐射传感器的至少一个子集收集电离辐射数据; 并且当计算电离辐射源的剂量水平超过阈值时触发警报状况。
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4.发明授权Space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers 失效运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计公开(公告)号：US07525431B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-28
申请号：US10840553
申请日：2004-05-06
IPC分类号： G08B13/14
CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 , G08B13/2462 , G08B21/12 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers. A method includes insitu polling a suite of passive integrating ionizing radiation sensors including reading-out dosimetric data from a first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and a second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor, where the first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and the second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor remain situated where the dosimetric data was integrated while reading-out. Another method includes arranging a plurality of ionizing radiation sensors in a spatially dispersed array; determining a relative position of each of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors to define a volume of interest; collecting ionizing radiation data from at least a subset of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors; and triggering an alarm condition when a dose level of an ionizing radiation source is calculated to exceed a threshold.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计的方法和装置。 一种方法包括自动轮询一套无源积分电离辐射传感器，包括来自第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二无源积分电离辐射传感器的读出剂量学数据，其中第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二被动积分电离 辐射传感器仍然位于读数时集成剂量测量数据的位置。 另一种方法包括在空间上分散的阵列中布置多个电离辐射传感器; 确定所述多个电离辐射传感器中的每一个的相对位置以限定感兴趣的体积; 从所述多个电离辐射传感器的至少一个子集收集电离辐射数据; 并且当计算电离辐射源的剂量水平超过阈值时触发警报状况。
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5.发明申请SPACE CHARGE DOSIMETERS FOR EXTREMELY LOW POWER MEASUREMENTS OF RADIATION IN SHIPPING CONTAINERS 有权用于运输集装箱辐射的极低功率测量的空间充电量计公开(公告)号：US20100072380A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-25
申请号：US12406680
申请日：2009-03-18
IPC分类号： G01T1/02
CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 , G08B13/2462 , G08B21/12 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers. A method includes insitu polling a suite of passive integrating ionizing radiation sensors including reading-out dosimetric data from a first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and a second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor, where the first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and the second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor remain situated where the dosimetric data was integrated while reading-out. Another method includes arranging a plurality of ionizing radiation sensors in a spatially dispersed array; determining a relative position of each of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors to define a volume of interest; collecting ionizing radiation data from at least a subset of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors; and triggering an alarm condition when a dose level of an ionizing radiation source is calculated to exceed a threshold.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计的方法和装置。 一种方法包括自动轮询一套无源积分电离辐射传感器，包括来自第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二无源积分电离辐射传感器的读出剂量学数据，其中第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二被动积分电离 辐射传感器仍然位于读数时集成剂量测量数据的位置。 另一种方法包括在空间上分散的阵列中布置多个电离辐射传感器; 确定所述多个电离辐射传感器中的每一个的相对位置以定义感兴趣的体积; 从所述多个电离辐射传感器的至少一个子集收集电离辐射数据; 并且当计算电离辐射源的剂量水平超过阈值时触发警报状况。
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6.发明授权Space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers 有权运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计公开(公告)号：US07932828B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-26
申请号：US12406725
申请日：2009-03-18
CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 , G08B13/2462 , G08B21/12 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers. A method includes in situ polling a suite of passive integrating ionizing radiation sensors including reading-out dosimetric data from a first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and a second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor, where the first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and the second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor remain situated where the dosimetric data was integrated while reading-out. Another method includes arranging a plurality of ionizing radiation sensors in a spatially dispersed array; determining a relative position of each of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors to define a volume of interest; collecting ionizing radiation data from at least a subset of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors; and triggering an alarm condition when a dose level of an ionizing radiation source is calculated to exceed a threshold.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计的方法和装置。 一种方法包括原位轮询一套无源积分电离辐射传感器，包括从第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二无源积分电离辐射传感器读出剂量学数据，其中第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二被动积分 电离辐射传感器仍然位于读数时整合剂量测量数据的位置。 另一种方法包括在空间上分散的阵列中布置多个电离辐射传感器; 确定所述多个电离辐射传感器中的每一个的相对位置以限定感兴趣的体积; 从多个电离辐射传感器的至少一个子集收集电离辐射数据; 并且当计算电离辐射源的剂量水平超过阈值时触发警报状况。
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7.发明申请SPACE CHARGE DOSIMETERS FOR EXTREMELY LOW POWER MEASUREMENTS OF RADIATION IN SHIPPING CONTAINERS 有权用于运输集装箱辐射的极低功率测量的空间充电量计公开(公告)号：US20090212226A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12406725
申请日：2009-03-18
CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 , G08B13/2462 , G08B21/12 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for space charge dosimeters for extremely low power measurements of radiation in shipping containers. A method includes insitu polling a suite of passive integrating ionizing radiation sensors including reading-out dosimetric data from a first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and a second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor, where the first passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor and the second passive integrating ionizing radiation sensor remain situated where the dosimetric data was integrated while reading-out. Another method includes arranging a plurality of ionizing radiation sensors in a spatially dispersed array; determining a relative position of each of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors to define a volume of interest; collecting ionizing radiation data from at least a subset of the plurality of ionizing radiation sensors; and triggering an alarm condition when a dose level of an ionizing radiation source is calculated to exceed a threshold.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于运输容器中辐射极低功率测量的空间电荷剂量计的方法和装置。 一种方法包括自动轮询一套被动集成电离辐射传感器，包括来自第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二无源积分电离辐射传感器的读出剂量学数据，其中第一无源积分电离辐射传感器和第二被动积分电离 辐射传感器仍然位于读数时集成剂量测量数据的位置。 另一种方法包括在空间上分散的阵列中布置多个电离辐射传感器; 确定所述多个电离辐射传感器中的每一个的相对位置以限定感兴趣的体积; 从所述多个电离辐射传感器的至少一个子集收集电离辐射数据; 并且当计算电离辐射源的剂量水平超过阈值时触发警报状况。
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公开(公告)号：US5203203A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-20
申请号：US594950
申请日：1990-10-10
申请人： William L. Bryan , James M. Bryan
发明人： William L. Bryan , James M. Bryan
IPC分类号： G01N11/12
CPC分类号： G01N11/12
摘要： An apparatus for measuring in situ the viscosity of a fluid in a sealed container which includes a spherical ball forming an integral package before any fluid is placed within the container. The apparatus further includes a composite ball consisting of a spherical core of one material surrounded by one or more layers of different materials distributed spherically about the core. The container may also be supported by an angular support member which angularly positions the container such that the ball will move within the container through the fluid at a specific speed. A sensing device is provided along the wall of the container to measure the speed of the ball wherein the sensing device includes a pair of sensors spaced apart by a known distance to sense when the ball passes by each of the sensors providing a speed which is useful for calculating the viscosity of the fluid.
摘要翻译： 一种用于原位测量密封容器中的流体粘度的装置，其包括在将任何流体放置在容器内之前形成整体包装的球形球。 该装置还包括一个复合球，其由一个材料的球形芯组成，所述球形芯由围绕芯部球形分布的一层或多层不同材料围绕。 容器还可以由角度支撑构件支撑，该角度支撑构件成角度地定位容器，使得球将以容器内的速度以特定速度移动通过流体。 沿着容器的壁设置感测装置以测量球的速度，其中感测装置包括间隔开已知距离的一对传感器，以便当球通过每个传感器时提供有用的速度 用于计算流体的粘度。
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9.发明授权Method for preparing calcium magnesium acetate and a residual mineral product by selectively calcining dolomite 失效通过选择性煅烧白云石制备乙酸钙镁和残留矿物产品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5122350A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-16
申请号：US545572
申请日：1990-06-29
申请人： William L. Bryan
发明人： William L. Bryan
摘要： Fermentors, reactors and processes for preparing magnesium enriched calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) (Mg:Ca mole ratios of 1:1 to 20:1) by reacting a dolomitic lime product with a Mg:Ca mole ratio less than one with dilute acetic acid, such as in fermentation broths. A process to prepare a mildly aklaline mineral product by calcining the dolomite under conditions to convert only the MgCO.sub.3 to MgO and treating the selectively calcined dolomite with acidic solutions to dissolve largely the MgO, leaving the original CaCO.sub.3 matrix intact. The mildly alkaline mineral product includes a highly porous structure derived from dolomite, consisting of a matrix of CaCO.sub.3 with smaller amounts of MgO and interspersed with a regular array of voids on a molecular scale.
摘要翻译： 通过使白云石石灰产物与Mg:Ca摩尔比小于1的稀乙酸反应制备富镁醋酸钙镁（CMA）（Mg：Ca摩尔比为1:1至20:1）的发酵罐，反应器和方法 ，如在发酵液中。 通过在仅将MgCO 3转化为MgO的条件下煅烧白云石并用酸性溶液处理选择性煅烧的白云石以大部分溶解MgO，使原始CaCO 3基体保持完整的方法来制备轻度碱性矿物产品。 轻度碱性矿物产品包括衍生自白云石的高度多孔结构，由具有较少量MgO的CaCO 3基质组成，并且在分子尺度上散布有规则排列的空隙。
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