摘要:
An electric storage system includes at least two types of electric storage cells. A first electric storage unit is configured from a first electric storage cell, and a second electric storage unit is configured from a second electric storage cell. The first and second electric storage units are electrically connected to each other through a current controlling circuit.
摘要:
A battery states estimation method includes the steps of: measuring an electric current value of a battery B at an electric current value detection section and a terminal voltage value of the battery B at voltage detection section at a time of charge/discharge of the battery; and calculating at least one of such states of the battery as a state of charge (SOC), a state of health (SOH) and a full charge capacity based on the electric current value and the terminal voltage value as measured. When a change in the measured electric current value per second is at a predetermined value or higher, at least one of the SOC, the SOH and the full charge capacity of the battery is calculated based on the electric current values and the terminal voltage values measured during a battery charge/discharge period other than the lapsed period.
摘要:
An optical device is capable of changing signal light to a plurality of paths. The device includes a film, a heating source attached to the film, and a heat radiator plate attached to the other portion of the film. The refractive index of the film varies according to heat excitation, and the film comprises crystal grains of an oxide and amorphous portions present between the crystal grains.
摘要:
An amorphous magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate and an amorphous magnetic layer, where a magnetic domain formation-controlling layer comprising a main phase and 1 to 3 kinds of discrete spherical isolating phases arranged horizontally in lines in the main phase or 1 to 3 kinds of discrete spherical phases vertically stacked one upon another in the main phase is formed on the top side or the bottom side directly or through at least one of other layers to bring the amorphous magnetic layer into a finer magnetic domain structure, can satisfy high density recording.
摘要:
A dielectrically isolated semiconductor device of high reliability is provided by realizing a fine and deep element isolating region which can prevent dislocation of an oxide film as an insulation layer by oxidation-induced stress. The dielectrically isolated semiconductor device includes an SOI substrate supporting an active element layer deeper than an expanded distance of a depletion layer subjected to the highest voltage applied to the device, and an element isolating region which encloses the active element layer. The element isolating region contains a deep trench which comes into contact with the insulation layer, and which is filled with n heavily doped layers on both side walls, second insulation films each adjacent to the n heavily doped layer and a polycrystalline semiconductor layer formed between the second insulation films.
摘要:
An electrode device for an electric field emission electron source suitable for duty drive having an element size of 50 &mgr;m or smaller and an electrode device fabricating method. A glass film used as catalyst of forming carbon nanotubes is formed on a substrate to form metal catalyst at nano meter level and control dispersion. Carbon nanotubes are dispersively formed on the metal catalyst and a metal coat is formed on the surface of carbon nanotubes to improve electric pulse response characteristics.
摘要:
A battery system having a battery string configured by connecting in series a plurality of battery units includes: an SOC detection unit for individually detecting states of charge of the plurality of battery units; and a charge-and-discharge control unit for individually charging and discharging the battery units, based on a full charge capacity of each battery unit and each state of charge of the battery units individually detected by the detection unit, upon the battery system being in no load state, the control unit individually charges and discharges the battery units so that the states of charge of the battery units are approximately equal with each other when the battery units are in a discharge end state and so that a difference between the states of charge of the battery units is relatively large when the battery units are approximately in a full charge state.
摘要:
The invention provides an optical switch that consumes a less power, excels in a high-speed response, and possesses a structure suitable for a miniaturization and multi-channel switching. The optical switch switches a plurality of input signals to a plurality of output positions, in which a laminated structure that has a nonlinear optical layer and a buffer layer laminated in the same number as that of input parts intersects an optical path between the input parts and output parts. By providing the laminated structure using the nonlinear optical thin films, the invention achieves a small matrix optical switch excellent in a high-speed response and suitable for switching a large-capacity of information.
摘要:
An optical switch, in which focal position of beams is adjusted to provide a high switching efficiency and a high stability in action without increasing a light source output of a control light, comprising a condensing means for making a signal light and a control light convergent and incident upon a nonlinear optical thin-film and wherein irradiation of the control light causes a change of the nonlinear optical thin-film in refractive index to thereby change the signal light into a transmitted light or a reflected light to take out the same as an output signal.
摘要:
A non-linear optical material comprising crystal grains of an oxide having a corundum type crystal structure, and amorphous portions in the surroundings of the crystal grains, in a thin film, is disclosed. The non-linear optical thin film has such a property that its refractive index varies largely when energy is applied thereto. Since the material shows little loss of light transmitted therethrough, it is possible, by use of the material, to provide a non-linear optical device for efficiently changing over the emission path of a light signal or turning-ON/OFF the light signal.