摘要:
An observation device (1) for observing a portion near the end of a wafer (10), comprising an imaging section (40) for imaging an image near the end of a wafer (10) from the extending direction of the wafer (10), and an image processing section (50) for detecting the edge of a film formed on the surface of the wafer (10) is further provided, as an illumination section for illuminating a portion near the end of a wafer (10), with an epi-illumination source (48) for illuminating a portion near the end of a wafer (10) via an observation optical system (41), and a diffusion illumination source (31) arranged to face the surface of the wafer (10) and illuminate a portion near the end of a wafer (10) using diffused light.
摘要:
An inspecting apparatus according to the present invention has: an imaging section 30 for obtaining images of a first range and a second range of an inspection target object; the first range being shifted from the first range in a prescribed direction, a differential processing section 44 for obtaining a difference between signals of the image of the first range and that of the second range; and an inspecting section 46 for inspecting the existence of a defect in the inspection target object, based on processing results obtained from the differential processing section 44.
摘要:
High-quality video is provided using a small amount of coded bits. The moving picture decoding method performs inter-frame prediction processing. With the aforementioned inter-frame prediction processing, blocks with similar motion vectors from among the motion vectors in multiple blocks that have already been decoded are combined and a combined area is computed. A predicted vector for a target block to be decoded is computed using the motion vector of the aforementioned combined area, and a motion vector for the aforementioned target block is computed based on the aforementioned predicted vector and a difference vector which is included in a coded stream that is input. A predicted image is generated using the aforementioned motion vector, and a difference image which is included in the aforementioned coded stream and the aforementioned predicted image are added to generate a decoded image.
摘要:
The present invention provides an image encoding/decoding technique that is capable of achieving the higher compression efficiency. An image encoding method comprises: an intra prediction step which performs intra prediction on a block basis to generate a predicted image; a subtraction step which calculates the difference in prediction between the predicted image generated by the intra prediction step and an original image; a frequency conversion step which performs frequency conversion processing for the difference in prediction; a quantization step which subjects the output of the frequency conversion step to quantization processing; and a variable-length encoding step which subjects the output of the quantization step to variable-length encoding processing; wherein the intra prediction encoding step predicts a target pixel to be encoded by use of pixel values of two reference pixels between which the target pixel to be encoded is located.
摘要:
A lightweight metal mold having a necessary hardness is realized. A plurality of bar-shaped members formed of an evaporative material and a plurality of connecting members formed of an evaporative material are prepared. Each of the connecting members has a spherical shape, and ends of a plurality of the bar-shaped members can be connected to each connecting member. Since a fixing angle of each bar-shaped member with respect to the connecting member can be adjusted freely, a three-dimensional mesh structure having various shapes can be formed. By combining the plurality of bar-shaped members and the plurality of connecting members, an evaporative pattern including the three-dimensional mesh structure can be assembled. By adjusting the shape of the three-dimensional mesh structure, the hardness necessary for the metal mold can be obtained, and the metal mold can be made lighter.
摘要:
Provided is a video encoding device having an AFF-mode-determining unit (140) for determining the AFF mode when an input image is an interlaced image, and a video encoding unit (110) for encoding the input image depending on a result of the mode determination obtained from the AFF-mode-determining unit (140). The AFF-mode-determining unit (140) makes a determination combining: a mode determination result based on each of a texture value when an image is treated as a field and a frame, or based on an equivalent object; and a mode determination result based on the ease of predicting a motion vector in both encodings estimated with reference to a previously obtained movement vector, or based on the cost.
摘要:
A steam turbine blade includes a coating film formed at least a portion of a surface of the steam turbine blade, the coating film containing a ceramic matrix and nanosheet particles dispersed in the ceramic matrix. The steam turbine blade is employed as one of stator blades or one of rotor blades in a steam turbine. The steam turbine includes a turbine rotor, the rotor blades implanted in the turbine rotor, the stator blades provided in an upstream side of the corresponding rotor blades, and a turbine casing supporting the stator blades and accommodating turbine rotor, the rotor blades and the stator blades. The steam turbine is also configured such that the rotor blades are paired with the corresponding stator blades to form turbine stages arranged in an axial direction of the turbine rotor, thereby forming steam paths.
摘要:
Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein G, L1, L2, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are defined in the specification. This disclosure also relates to materials and methods for preparing compounds of Formula 1, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their use for treating disorders, diseases, and conditions involving the immune system and inflammation, including rheumatoid arthritis, hematological malignancies, epithelial cancers (i.e., carcinomas), and other disorders, diseases, and conditions for which inhibition of SYK is indicated.
摘要:
There is provided a photoreceptor cleanerless image forming apparatus capable of decreasing color mixture or an exposure error due to reverse transfer toner an untransferred toner. An image forming apparatus 100 according to the present invention comprises four image forming units 100a, 100b, 100c, and 100d configured to be photoreceptor cleanerless in a 4-drum tandem manner. Each image forming unit includes a photoreceptor 103a, 103b, 103c, or 103d, a charger 105a, 105b, 105c, or 105d, an exposure apparatus 106a, 106b, 106c, or 106d, and a developing apparatus 109a, 109b, 109c, or 109d. When exposure intensities Iy, Ic, Im, and Ik are assumed for exposure sources of the exposure apparatuses in the image forming units which form yellow, magenta, cyan, and black images, respectively, the exposure intensities are configured to satisfy conditions of Ik≧Ic≧Im≧Iy and Ik>Iy. This decreases an exposure error (image hysteresis) in an image formed on paper.
摘要:
A control device of an internal combustion engine includes: an air-fuel ratio modulator, performing modulation of an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust which flows in an exhaust purifier provided in an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine; a fluctuation detector, detecting a fluctuation of the internal combustion engine due to the modulation of the air-fuel ratio performed by the air-fuel ratio modulator; a feed-back controller, performing feed-back control of a driving control parameter of the internal combustion engine so as to suppress the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detector; a determiner, determining whether or not a driving state of the internal combustion engine is in an operating area of the feed-back controller; and an operator, setting a fluctuation suppression target value, which is a target value for suppressing the fluctuation of the internal combustion engine, to operate the feed-back controller based on the fluctuation suppression target value, when the determiner determines that the driving state of the internal combustion engine is not in the operating area of the feed-back controller, while the air-fuel modulator performs the modulation of the air-fuel ratio.