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公开(公告)号：US5351152A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US930927
申请日：1992-08-14
申请人： Pao-Kuang Kuo , Robert L. Thomas , Lawrence D. Favro , Li Chen
发明人： Pao-Kuang Kuo , Robert L. Thomas , Lawrence D. Favro , Li Chen
CPC分类号： G02B21/0032 , G02B21/0044
摘要： A direct-view stereoscopic confocal microscope including a light source, an aperture plate, image collector, and first and second vibrators. The light source is used for illuminating a portion of a specimen and the aperture plate is used for passing a portion of the light emanating from the light source onto a portion of the specimen. The image collector is optically coupled to the illuminated portion of the specimen and acts to separate the image created by the illuminated portion of the specimen from the light illuminating the specimen. A first vibrator is coupled to the specimen for vibrating the specimen along a first axis and the second vibrator is coupled to the image collector, and synchronized with said first vibrator, for vibrating the collecting means along a second axis.
摘要翻译： 一种直视立体共焦显微镜，包括光源，孔板，图像采集器以及第一和第二振动器。 光源用于照射样本的一部分，并且孔板用于将从光源发出的光的一部分通过到样本的一部分上。 图像采集器光学地耦合到样本的照射部分，并且用于将由样本的照射部分产生的图像与照射样本的光分离。 第一振动器耦合到样本，用于沿着第一轴线振动样本，并且第二振动器耦合到图像采集器，并与所述第一振动器同步，以沿着第二轴线振动收集装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5283684A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-01
申请号：US922931
申请日：1992-07-31
申请人： Robert L. Thomas , Lawrence D. Favro , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Li Chen
发明人： Robert L. Thomas , Lawrence D. Favro , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Li Chen
CPC分类号： G02B21/0044 , G02B21/0032 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A method for constructing a Nipkow disk using a zone plate disk, comprises the steps of constructing a zone plate disk, including the substep of disposing a plurality of focusing means a long a disk, wherein the plurality of focusing means have a common focal distance; placing a photographic plate at the focal distance of the plurality of focusing means; illuminating the plurality of focusing means with a light source such that the illumination is passed through the plurality of focusing means and focused onto the photographic plate thereby creating an image of a plurality of points of focused illumination; and capturing the image created on the photographic plate and using it to construct the Nipkow disk.
摘要翻译： 一种使用区域盘构造Nipkow盘的方法，包括以下步骤：构造一个区域盘，包括将多个聚焦装置设置为长盘的子步骤，其中多个聚焦装置具有公共焦距; 将照相板放置在所述多个聚焦装置的焦距处; 用光源照亮多个聚焦装置，使得照明通过多个聚焦装置并聚焦到照相板上，从而产生多个聚焦照明点的图像; 并捕获在照相板上创建的图像并使用它来构造Nipkow盘。
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公开(公告)号：US5162941A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-10
申请号：US734398
申请日：1991-07-23
申请人： Lawrence D. Favro , Robert L. Thomas , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Li Chen
发明人： Lawrence D. Favro , Robert L. Thomas , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Li Chen
CPC分类号： G02B21/0044 , G02B21/0032 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A confocal microscope comprises a focusing lens for focusing a light source onto a pin hole. The use of the lens for this purpose, when used within a confocal microscope apparatus, greatly reduces image artifacts and creates an increased transfer efficiently between the light source and the sample.
摘要翻译： 共焦显微镜包括用于将光源聚焦到针孔上的聚焦透镜。 当在共聚焦显微镜装置中使用时，用于此目的的透镜的使用大大减少了图像伪像并且在光源和样品之间有效地产生了增加的转印。
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公开(公告)号：US5223932A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US639794
申请日：1991-01-10
申请人： Robert L. Thomas , Lawrence D. Favro , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Li Chen , Hui J. Jin
发明人： Robert L. Thomas , Lawrence D. Favro , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Li Chen , Hui J. Jin
摘要： The assembly (10) utilizes real-time imaging for detecting radiation from an object field (12) which has a component which is periodic in time. A video camera (14) detects emitted and reflected radiation from the object field (12) and produces a video signal comprising a series of pixels representing a frame of the image. A dynamically averaged offset derived from the original video signal is subtracted from the video signal leaving only information from the time-varying component of the video object field. The resulting signal is digitized by a digitizer (18) contained in a processor (16). The processor (16) averages the successive frames as synchronous images based on the periodicity of the object field (12) to eliminate unsynchronous noise from the image and to display an image synchronous with the periodicity of the object field (12). Because the final video image is a digitization of the amplified difference, the dynamic range of the corrected image is greatly increased.
摘要翻译： 组件（10）利用实时成像来检测来自具有在时间上是周期性的分量的物场（12）的辐射。 视频摄像机（14）检测来自物场（12）的发射和反射辐射，并产生包括表示图像帧的一系列像素的视频信号。 从视频信号中减去从原始视频信号导出的动态平均偏移，仅留下来自视频对象场的时变分量的信息。 所得到的信号由包含在处理器（16）中的数字转换器（18）数字化。 处理器（16）基于物场（12）的周期性将连续帧平均为同步图像，以消除来自图像的非同步噪声并显示与物场（12）的周期同步的图像。 由于最终的视频图像是放大差分的数字化，所以校正图像的动态范围大大增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4968144A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US321103
申请日：1989-03-09
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01N21/171 , G01N29/2418 , G01J9/02 , G01N2203/0641 , G01N2291/0427
摘要： A single beam interferometer (10) comprises an intensity modulated laser beam (16) having a focus area for heating a test area (18) on the surface of a sample (12) producing a thermal bump (20). An unfocused probe laser beam (30) is directed toward the solid at an angle and has a beam area greater than the focus area of the heating beam (16). The sample (12) has a reflective surface for reflecting the probe beam (30). The reflected beam (31) comprises an AC beam portion (32) refracted by the thermal bump (20) and a DC beam portion (34) reflected off the unheated surface of the sample (12). The interference pattern (36) produced by the reflected beam (31) is detected and processed to obtain optical, elastic and thermal parameters of the sample (12).
摘要翻译： 单光束干涉仪（10）包括强度调制激光束（16），其具有用于加热产生热凸块（20）的样品（12）的表面上的测试区域（18）的聚焦区域。 未聚焦的探针激光束（30）以一定角度指向固体并且具有大于加热束（16）的聚焦区域的光束面积。 样品（12）具有用于反射探测光束（30）的反射表面。 反射光束（31）包括由热凸块（20）折射的AC光束部分（32）和从样品（12）的未加热表面反射的DC光束部分（34）。 检测并处理由反射光束（31）产生的干涉图案（36）以获得样品（12）的光学，弹性和热参数。
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公开(公告)号：US4878116A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-31
申请号：US202185
申请日：1988-06-02
摘要： The assembly (10) is a real-time imaging device for detecting radiation from an object field which is periodic in time. A video camera (14) detects emitted and reflected radiation from the object field (12) and produces a video signal comprising a series of pixels representing a frame of the image. The video signal is digitized (18) and received by a processor (16). The processor (16) averages the successive frames as in-phase images and quadrature images based on the periodicity of the object field to eliminate unsynchronous noise from the image and to display an image synchronous with the periodicity.
摘要翻译： 组件（10）是用于检测来自在时间上周期性的物场的辐射的实时成像装置。 视频摄像机（14）检测来自物场（12）的发射和反射辐射，并产生包括表示图像帧的一系列像素的视频信号。 视频信号被数字化（18）并由处理器（16）接收。 处理器（16）基于对象场的周期性将连续帧作为同相图像和正交图像平均，以消除来自图像的非同步噪声并且显示与周期同步的图像。
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公开(公告)号：US4874251A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-17
申请号：US808350
申请日：1986-02-10
CPC分类号： G01N25/72 , G01N21/171
摘要： A thermal wave imaging apparatus generates a real time image of the surface and subsurface of an opaque solid object. A.C. electrical signals indicative of the configuration of the surface and subsurface of the object which are generated during a thermal wave scan of the object by a first heating beam which generates a localized temperature gradient on the object and a deflectable second probe beam heating beam, which deflection is detected by a detection device mounted adjacent to the object, are stored in an image memory under the control of a central processor. A refresh counter generates sequential, incremental signals used to control the X and Y axis deflection of a display monitor. Such signals also address the image memory and generate output data controlling the intensity of the display point at each generated X and Y axis deflection point. A modulation and intensity regulation circuit generates an optical beam having a constant amplitude in spite of any fluctuations in the output of the heating laser.
摘要翻译： 热波成像装置产生不透明固体物体的表面和次表面的实时图像。 交流电信号，指示在物体的热波扫描期间通过在物体上产生局部温度梯度的第一加热光束和可偏转的第二探测光束加热光束在物体的表面和地下表面的配置，其中 通过与物体相邻安装的检测装置检测偏转，在中央处理器的控制下存储在图像存储器中。 刷新计数器产生用于控制显示监视器的X和Y轴偏转的顺序的增量信号。 这些信号还对图像存储器进行寻址，并产生控制每个产生的X轴和Y轴偏转点处显示点强度的输出数据。 尽管加热激光器的输出有任何波动，调制和强度调节电路产生具有恒定振幅的光束。
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公开(公告)号：US5287183A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US488310
申请日：1990-03-05
CPC分类号： H04N5/217 , H04N5/2353 , H04N5/2354 , H04N5/33
摘要： The assembly (10, 10') is a real time imaging device for detecting radiation from an object field (12) which is periodic in time. A video camera (14) detects emitted and reflected radiation from the object field (12) and produces a video signal of the image and a timing signal. A processor (16) synchronously averages successive video signals and stores same in an image buffer (26) to obtain an image from which has been eliminated unsynchronous noise. Alternatively, the elimination of unsynchronous or ambient noise may be performed partially or wholly within the camera (14) prior to processing.
摘要翻译： 组件（10,10'）是用于检测来自在时间上是周期性的物场（12）的辐射的实时成像装置。 摄像机（14）检测来自物场（12）的发射和反射的辐射，并产生图像的视频信号和定时信号。 处理器（16）对连续的视频信号进行同步平均并将其存储在图像缓冲器（26）中，以获得已被消除的非同步噪声的图像。 或者，可以在处理之前部分地或完全地在相机（14）内执行消除非同步或环境噪声。
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公开(公告)号：US4589783A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US596515
申请日：1984-04-04
CPC分类号： G01N25/72 , G01N21/171
摘要： A thermal wave imaging apparatus generates a real time image of the surface and subsurface of an opaque solid object. A.C. electrical signals indicative of the configuration of the surface and subsurface of the object which are generated during a thermal wave scan of the object by a first heating beam which generates a localized temperature gradient on the object and a deflectable second probe beam heating beam, which deflection is detected by a detection device mounted adjacent to the object, are stored in an image memory under the control of a central processor. A refresh counter generates sequential, incremental signals used to control the X and Y axis deflection of a display monitor. Such signals also address the image memory and generate output data controlling the intensity of the display point at each generated X and Y axis deflection point. A modulation and intensity regulation circuit generates an optical beam having a constant amplitude in spite of any fluctuations in the output of the heating laser.
摘要翻译： 热波成像装置产生不透明固体物体的表面和次表面的实时图像。 交流电信号，指示在物体的热波扫描期间通过在物体上产生局部温度梯度的第一加热光束和可偏转的第二探测光束加热光束在物体的表面和地下表面的配置，其中 通过与物体相邻安装的检测装置检测偏转，在中央处理器的控制下存储在图像存储器中。 刷新计数器产生用于控制显示监视器的X和Y轴偏转的顺序的增量信号。 这些信号还对图像存储器进行寻址，并产生控制每个产生的X轴和Y轴偏转点处显示点强度的输出数据。 尽管加热激光器的输出有任何波动，调制和强度调节电路产生具有恒定振幅的光束。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07064332B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10839767
申请日：2004-05-05
申请人： Lawrence D. Favro , Robert L. Thomas , Xiaoyan Han
发明人： Lawrence D. Favro , Robert L. Thomas , Xiaoyan Han
IPC分类号： G01N29/22
CPC分类号： G01N29/449 , G01N25/72 , G01N29/223 , G01N29/2412 , G01N29/2462 , G01N29/28 , G01N29/346 , G01N29/348 , G01N2291/02483 , G01N2291/02827 , G01N2291/0289 , G01N2291/101 , G01N2291/2638 , G01N2291/2694
摘要： A hand-held sound source for use in an infrared or thermal imaging system that detects sub-surface defects in a structure. The sound source includes a transducer that is positioned against the structure to emit a sound signal into the structure. The sound source further includes an adjustable spring that pushes the transducer against the structure with a predetermined amount of force so that the sound energy is effectively coupled into the structure. The sound source also includes three stabilizing legs that stabilize the transducer on the structure. The length of each leg can be adjustable relative to the length of the other legs so that the sound source can be used against irregular surfaces.
摘要翻译： 用于红外或热成像系统的手持式声源，用于检测结构中的次表面缺陷。 声源包括一个传感器，其位于结构上以将声音信号发射到该结构中。 声源还包括可调弹簧，其以预定量的力推动换能器抵靠结构，使得声能有效地耦合到结构中。 声源还包括使结构上的换能器稳定的三个稳定腿。 每个腿的长度可相对于其他腿的长度是可调节的，使得声源可以用于不规则的表面。
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