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公开(公告)号：US4819593A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US187440
申请日：1988-04-28
CPC分类号： F16F15/261 , F02B75/16 , F02B2075/025 , F02B2075/027 , F05C2201/021 , Y10T74/2183 , Y10T74/2184
摘要： A balance system for an internal combustion engine or the like includes a counterbalance weight pivotally mounted to the crankcase and driven in a reciprocating manner by a link assembly connecting the weight to an eccentric on the crankshaft. The pivoting weight not only counterbalances the piston acceleration and deceleration forces but also cancels the torsional forces created by the weight as it pivotally moves through an arc in response to piston movement. This is accomplished by locating the center of gravity of the balance weight between the piston bore centerline and the stationary pivot of the balance weight itself. This location for the center of gravity causes a torque to be generated by a force couple created by the piston inertial force vector, the balance weight interial force vector, and the distance between them. This torque counteracts the torque generated by angular acceleration of the balance weight itself, to thereby substantially eliminate all torsional vibrations.
摘要翻译： 用于内燃机等的平衡系统包括枢转地安装到曲轴箱并且通过将重物连接到曲轴上的偏心轮的连杆组件以往复方式驱动的平衡重。 枢转重量不仅抵消活塞加速和减速力的平衡，而且还抵消了由于重量响应于活塞运动而枢轴运动通过电弧而产生的扭力。 这通过将平衡重的重心定位在活塞孔中心线和平衡重本身的固定枢轴之间来实现。 用于重心的位置导致由活塞惯性力矢量，平衡重中间力矢量和它们之间的距离产生的力对产生扭矩。 该扭矩抵消由平衡重本身的角加速度产生的扭矩，从而基本上消除所有的扭转振动。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5282397A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-01
申请号：US855059
申请日：1992-03-19
CPC分类号： F16F15/261 , F02B75/16 , F02B63/04 , Y10T74/18208 , Y10T74/2157 , Y10T74/2183
摘要： The engine balancing system preferably has two pivoting counterbalance weights connected to eccentric journals on the crankshaft via their respective link arms. The use of the two pivoting weights and the particular geometrical relationships between the balancing system components enable the balancing system to substantially mimic and oppose the non-sinusoidal piston forces. Several methods of balancing the non-sinusoidal piston forces are disclosed. In a first method, the centers of gravity of the respective counterbalance weights are moved at non-sinusoidal angular accelerations. These angular accelerations are greater when the piston is near its Top Dead Center position than when the piston is near its Bottom Dead Center position to yield higher balancing forces when the piston is near Top Dead Center. In a second method, the centers of gravity move through arcs which are substantially parallel to the piston axis when the piston is near its Top Dead Center position, and move in directions less parallel to the piston axis when the piston is near its Bottom Dead Center position. The movement of the centers of gravity parallel to but in the opposite direction from the moving piston when the piston is near Top Dead Center results in greater balancing forces when the piston is near Top Dead Center. The invention also includes a combined method of balancing the non-sinusoidal piston forces. In this combined method, the angular accelerations of the centers of gravity vary as in the first method, and the directions of movement of the centers of gravity vary as in the second method.
摘要翻译： 发动机平衡系统优选地具有通过其相应的连杆臂连接到曲轴上的偏心轴颈的两个枢转平衡重块。 使用两个枢转重物和平衡系统组件之间的特定几何关系使得平衡系统能够基本上模拟和对抗非正弦活塞力。 公开了平衡非正弦活塞力的几种方法。 在第一种方法中，各个平衡重重心的重心以非正弦角加速度移动。 当活塞接近上死点位置时，这些角加速度大于当活塞接近底死中心位置时产生更大的平衡力，当活塞靠近上止点时。 在第二种方法中，当活塞靠近其上死点位置时，重心移动通过弧线，该弧线基本上平行于活塞轴线，并且当活塞靠近其底部死点时，其运动方向与活塞轴线平行 位置。 当活塞靠近上死点时，重心平行于活动活塞的相反方向的运动导致当活塞靠近上止点时更大的平衡力。 本发明还包括平衡非正弦活塞力的组合方法。 在这种组合方法中，重心的角加速度与第一种方法一样变化，并且重心的运动方向如第二种方法那样变化。
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3.发明授权Reciprocating piston-type internal combustion engine with improved balancing system 失效具有改进的平衡系统的往复式活塞式内燃机
公开(公告)号：US4414934A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US248908
申请日：1981-03-30
IPC分类号： F02B3/06 , F02B67/00 , F02B75/02 , F02B75/16 , F02B75/18 , F02B75/20 , F16F15/26 , F02B75/06
CPC分类号： F16F15/265 , F02B75/16 , F02B2075/027 , F02B2075/1808 , F02B3/06 , F02B67/00 , F02B75/20 , Y10T74/2183
摘要： An engine-balancing system for balancing the primary forces of single cylinder and in phase in-line multi-cylinder piston engines. The balancing system includes rotary, auxiliary counterweights mounted on the exterior of the engine block for rotation about fixed axes that are parallel to and spaced from the crankshaft axis and positioned at diametrically opposite sides thereof. The combined centrifugal forces of these auxiliary counterweights are preferably equal to that of the conventional crankshaft-carried counterweights. The auxiliary counterweights are drivingly-connected with the crankshaft by a flexible double-sided timing belt that is trained over sprockets of the same diameter coaxially fixed with respect to the crankshaft and with each of the pair of auxiliary counterweights so that the pair of auxiliary counterweights turn at the same speed as, but in the opposite direction from that of the crankshaft. The auxiliary counterweights coact with one another and with the conventional crankshaft-carried counterweight to significantly diminish vibration of the engine incident to its operation.
摘要翻译： 用于平衡单缸和同相在线多气缸活塞发动机的主力的发动机平衡系统。 平衡系统包括安装在发动机缸体的外部的旋转辅助配重，用于围绕平行于曲轴轴线并与曲轴轴线间隔开并且位于其直径相对侧的固定轴线旋转。 这些辅助配重的组合离心力优选等于常规曲轴承重配重的离心力。 辅助配重通过柔性双面正时皮带与曲轴驱动连接，柔性双面同步皮带训练在相对于曲轴同轴固定的相同直径的链轮上，并与一对辅助配重中的每一个配对，使得该对辅助配重 以与曲轴相同的速度旋转，但是与曲轴相反。 辅助配重相互配合，并与传统的曲轴配重配合，显着减少发动机对其运行的影响。
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公开(公告)号：USD308872S
公开(公告)日：1990-06-26
申请号：US231788
申请日：1988-08-12
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公开(公告)号：US3981289A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-21
申请号：US558251
申请日：1975-03-14
申请人： Joseph R. Harkness
发明人： Joseph R. Harkness
CPC分类号： F02N19/004 , F01L13/08 , F02B1/04
摘要： In an internal combustion engine, a latch member is movable to and from a latching position in which it prevents a valve from coming nearer its seat than a predetermined distance therefrom. A cam follower connected with the latch member cooperates with axially adjacent first and second cam elements. The first causes the latch member to be held out of latching position during most of the engine cycle at all speeds, but at cranking speeds causes it to move to latching position just before the valve, in closing, reaches said distance from its seat. Once in latching position, the latch member is trapped there until opening movement of the valve carries it beyond said distance from its seat. The second cam element, carried by a flyweight, so cooperates with the first at running speeds as to hold the latch member out of latching position throughout the cycle.
摘要翻译： 在内燃机中，闩锁构件可移动到闩锁位置并且从闩锁位置移动，在闩锁位置中，阻止阀门比其距离预定距离更靠近阀座。 与闩锁构件连接的凸轮从动件与轴向相邻的第一和第二凸轮元件协作。 首先使得闩锁构件在大多数发动机循环期间以所有速度被保持在闩锁位置之外，但是在起动速度下使得其在阀门之前关闭时移动到闭锁位置，从而使其从座椅到达所述距离。 一旦处于闩锁位置，闩锁构件被捕获在那里，直到阀的打开运动将其超过与其座椅相距的距离。 第二个凸轮元件由一个轻量级承载，因此以一个运行速度与第一个凸轮元件协同工作，以便在整个循环中将闩锁件保持在锁定位置之外。
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公开(公告)号：USD308871S
公开(公告)日：1990-06-26
申请号：US231787
申请日：1988-08-12
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公开(公告)号：US4895119A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US194322
申请日：1988-05-16
申请人： Joseph R. Harkness
发明人： Joseph R. Harkness
CPC分类号： F02D1/045 , F02D1/04 , G05D13/18 , F02B2075/025
摘要： A speed governing apparatus for an internal combustion engine. A plurality of flyweights are pivoted to a flyweight carrier mounted on the cam shaft of the engine and a surface of each flyweight is engaged with the end of a spool that is mounted for rotation with the cam shaft, but can move axially thereof. A spring loaded non-rotatable fork straddles the cam shaft and is engaged with the opposite end of the spool. The fork is secured to a rod which, in turn, is operably connected to the throttle of the engine. The end of the spool, against which the fork rides, is an undulating cam surface which results in the continuous axial oscillation of the spool, and corresponding continuous radial oscillation of the flyweights relative to the spool, during operation of the engine. The radial oscillation of the flyweights relative to the spool reduces the frictional forces, so that under varying load conditions the spool can be more readily moved by the pivoting action of the flyweights to provide more precise speed control.
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的调速装置。 多个飞轮枢转到安装在发动机的凸轮轴上的飞重载体，并且每个飞重的表面与安装成与凸轮轴一起旋转但可以轴向移动的线轴的端部接合。 弹簧加载的不可旋转的叉跨越凸轮轴并与卷轴的相对端接合。 叉被固定到杆上，杆又可操作地连接到发动机的节气门。 在发动机操作期间，叉子骑乘的卷轴的端部是导致卷轴的连续轴向振动的波动凸轮表面，以及相互相对于卷轴的相互连续的径向振动。 飞轮相对于线轴的径向振动减小了摩擦力，使得在变化的负载条件下，线轴可以通过飞轮的枢转动作更容易地移动，以提供更精确的速度控制。
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公开(公告)号：US4048787A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-20
申请号：US701619
申请日：1976-07-01
CPC分类号： A01D34/6812 , F02B63/02 , F02B75/007 , F16D67/02 , A01D2101/00
摘要： A combination clutch and brake for rotary power mowers of the type wherein the blade is fixed to a spindle driven by the engine through an endless belt type drive transmission. A medially pivoted lever has an idler roll at one end to engage and tension the belt and thereby activate the drive transmission when the lever is rocked in one direction and a claw at its other end which, upon movement of the lever in the opposite direction, engages the notched periphery of a brake disc encircling the blade spindle and frictionally engaged with a companion disc that is fixed with respect to the spindle. The lever is spring-biased in the direction to engage the brake disc and thereby stop blade rotation concomitantly with deactivation the drive transmission whenever a deadman control on the mower handle is released.
摘要翻译： 用于这种类型的旋转动力割草机的组合式离合器和制动器，其中叶片通过环形带式驱动变速器固定到由发动机驱动的主轴。 中间转动的杠杆在一端具有一个惰轮，用于接合和张紧皮带，从而当杠杆沿一个方向摇动时激活驱动传动装置，并且在其另一端处具有爪，当杠杆沿相反方向运动时， 接合围绕刀片主轴的制动盘的切口周边，并与相对于主轴固定的伴随盘摩擦接合。 杠杆沿着与制动盘接合的方向被弹簧偏置，从而当释放割草机手柄上的死机控制时，随着停止驱动传动的同时停止叶片旋转。
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公开(公告)号：US4037389A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-26
申请号：US667696
申请日：1976-03-17
申请人： Joseph R. Harkness
发明人： Joseph R. Harkness
CPC分类号： A01D34/6812 , A01D69/10 , A01D2101/00
摘要： A brake mechanism for quickly stopping the drive shaft of an internal combustion engine on a power driven rotary mower.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在动力驱动的旋转割草机上快速停止内燃机的驱动轴的制动机构。
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公开(公告)号：US4003190A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-18
申请号：US602815
申请日：1975-08-07
CPC分类号： A01D34/6806 , A01D2034/6843 , A01D2101/00 , Y10T477/87
摘要： In a walk-behind rotary lawn mower powered by a gasoline engine, two pushbutton-type switches are so connected in the engine ignition circuit that at least one must be actuated for the engine to run. One switch comprises a dead-man control actuated by gripping the mower guide handle. The other is actuated by a treadle so located on the mower deck as to be depressed by one foot of a person who has his other foot in a safe position and who is operating the engine rope starter in a natural, convenient manner. Depression of the treadle also actuates a brake that prevents the mower from rolling.
摘要翻译： 在由汽油发动机驱动的步行式旋转割草机中，两个按钮式开关如此连接在发动机点火电路中，至少必须启动发动机运行。 一个开关包括通过抓住割草机引导手柄致动的死人控制。 另一个由位于割草机甲板上的脚踏板致动，以便被其另一只脚保持在安全位置并且以自然方便的方式操作发动机绳起动器的人的一只脚压下。 脚踏板的凹陷也致动制动器，防止割草机滚动。
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