公开(公告)号：US07378188B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-27

申请号：US10841990

申请日：2004-05-07

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers ,  David B. Chang ,  Reza Toossi ,  Sion Ahdout ,  Lijuan Li ,  Robert G. Palomba

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers ,  David B. Chang ,  Reza Toossi ,  Sion Ahdout ,  Lijuan Li ,  Robert G. Palomba

IPC分类号： H01M4/58 ,  C01B31/04

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C01B3/0005 ,  C01B3/0021 ,  F17C11/005 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02E60/325 ,  Y10S420/90

摘要： An apparatus and method for sorption and desorption of molecular gas contained by storage sites of graphite nano-filaments randomly disposed in three-dimensional reticulated aerogel.

摘要翻译： 用于吸附和解吸分子气体的装置和方法，该分子气体随机设置在三维网状气凝胶中的石墨纳米丝的储存位置所包含。

公开(公告)号：US06906003B2

公开(公告)日：2005-06-14

申请号：US10666663

申请日：2003-09-18

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers ,  David B. Chang ,  Reza Toossi ,  Sion Ahdout ,  Lijuan Li ,  Robert G. Palomba

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers ,  David B. Chang ,  Reza Toossi ,  Sion Ahdout ,  Lijuan Li ,  Robert G. Palomba

IPC分类号： C01B3/00 ,  F17C11/00 ,  B01J20/20

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C01B3/0005 ,  C01B3/0021 ,  F17C11/005 ,  Y02E60/325 ,  Y10S502/526

摘要： A system and method for sorption and desorption of molecular gas contained by storage sites of graphite nano-filaments randomly disposed in three-dimensional reticulated aerogel.

摘要翻译： 用于吸附和解吸附在三维网状气凝胶中的石墨纳米丝的储存位置所含的分子气体的系统和方法。

公开(公告)号：US4659559A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-21

申请号：US801428

申请日：1985-11-25

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/14 ,  H01M4/86

CPC分类号： H01M8/023 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0289 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/142 ,  H01M2300/002 ,  H01M2300/0048 ,  H01M8/04223

摘要： A gas fueled fuel cell including spaced anode and cathode electrode parts defining anode and cathode gas chambers, means to conduct anode and cathode fuel gases into the chambers and a unit between the parts and separating the chambers. Said unit includes spaced rigid gas and liquid permeable anode and cathode laminates with outer surfaces disposed toward the anode and cathode chambers. Said outer surfaces have catalytic material deposited thereon and establish chemically reactive interfaces between the laminates and their related chambers. The outer surfaces are covered with gas permeable hydrophobic barriers. The cell next includes spacer means between the laminates including a layer of gas and liquid permeable dielectric material. Finally, the cell includes an ion permeable electrolyte compound between spaced opposing inner surfaces of the gas and liquid permeable laminates. The electrolyte is an acid-salt compound which is solid at temperatures below the operating temperatures of the cell and becomes liquid and has increased ion permeability when the cell is heated to operating temperature by chemical reaction therein.

摘要翻译： 一种气体燃料燃料电池，包括限定阳极和阴极气体室的间隔开的阳极和阴极电极部分，用于将阳极和阴极燃料气体引入室中的装置以及部件之间的单元和分离室。 所述单元包括间隔开的刚性气体和液体可渗透的阳极和阴极层压板，其外表面朝向阳极室和阴极室设置。 所述外表面具有沉积在其上的催化材料，并且在层压体及其相关室之间建立化学反应性界面。 外表面覆盖有透气疏水屏障。 电池接下来包括层压体之间的隔离装置，包括一层气体和液体可渗透介电材料。 最后，电池在气体和液体可渗透的层压体的间隔开的相对的内表面之间包括离子可渗透的电解质化合物。 电解质是酸性盐化合物，其在低于电池的工作温度的温度下为固体，并且当电池通过其中的化学反应被加热到工作温度时变成液体并具有增加的离子渗透性。

公开(公告)号：US4528250A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-09

申请号：US533363

申请日：1983-09-19

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/18 ,  Y02E60/528

摘要： A catholyte regenerating apparatus for a fuel cell having a cathode section containing a catholyte solution and wherein fuel cell reaction reduces the catholyte to gas and water. The apparatus includes means to conduct partially reduced water diluted catholyte from the fuel cell and means to conduct the gas from the fuel cell to a mixing means. An absorption tower containing a volume of gas absorbing liquid solvent receives the mixed together gas and diluted catholyte from the mixing means within the absorption column, the gas is absorbed by the solvent and the gas ladened solvent and diluted catholyte are commingled. A liquid transfer means conducts gas ladened commingled solvent and electrolyte from the absorption column to an air supply means wherein air is added and commingled therewith and a stoichiometric volume of oxygen from the air is absorbed thereby. A second liquid transfer means conducts the gas ladened commingled solvent and diluted catholyte into a catalyst column wherein the oxygen and gas react to reconstitute the catholyte from which the gas was generated and wherein the reconstituted diluted catholyte is separated from the solvent. Recirculating means conducts the solvent from the catalyst column back into the absorption column and liquid conducting means conducts the reconstituted catholyte to a holding tank preparatory for recirculation through the cathode section of the fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 一种用于具有阴极部分的燃料电池的阴极电解液再生装置，所述阴极部分含有阴极电解液，并且其中燃料电池反应将阴极电解液还原成气体和水。 该装置包括从燃料电池进行部分还原的水稀释的阴极电解液的装置，以及将气体从燃料电池传导到混合装置的装置。 包含吸收液体溶剂的体积的吸收塔从吸收塔内的混合装置中混合气体和稀释的阴极液，气体被溶剂吸收，气体溶剂和稀释的阴极电解液混合。 液体转移装置将气体混合溶剂和电解质从吸收塔传导到空气供应装置，其中空气被加入并与之混合，并且从空气中吸收化学计量的氧气量。 第二液体转移装置将气体加料的混合溶剂和稀释的阴极电解液导入催化剂柱，其中氧气和气体反应以重构产生气体的阴极电解液，并且其中将重构的稀释阴极电解液与溶剂分离。 循环装置将溶剂从催化剂塔导入吸收塔，液体传导装置将重构的阴极电解液导入储存罐中，以准备通过燃料电池的阴极部再循环。

公开(公告)号：US5407757A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-18

申请号：US275505

申请日：1994-07-15

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/08 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell system comprising a fuel supply; an oxidant supply; a refrigerant supply; a fuel cell including a catalytic ceramic perovskite superconductor anode aerogel electrode fed with fuel from said fuel supply, a catalytic ceramic perovskite superconductor aerogel cathode electrode fed with oxidant from said oxidant supply, an electrolyte laded separator between the anode and cathode; and, an external circuit connected with and between the anode and cathode electrodes.

摘要翻译： 一种包括燃料供应的电化学燃料电池系统; 氧化剂供应; 制冷剂供应; 燃料电池，其包括从所述燃料供应源供给燃料的催化陶瓷钙钛矿超导体阳极气凝胶电极，从所述氧化剂供应源供给氧化剂的催化陶瓷钙钛矿超导体气凝胶阴极，在所述阳极和阴极之间的电解液浸渍分离器; 以及与阳极和阴极电极连接并且在阳极和阴极之间连接的外部电路。

公开(公告)号：US4317863A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-02

申请号：US155962

申请日：1980-06-03

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M2/40 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M2/40 ,  H01M12/065 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M2004/024

摘要： A metal/air fuel cell comprising an elongate case with a closed inner space, a flat flexible diaphragm and a flat cathode plate with axially disposed inner opposing surfaces and outer surfaces and arranged in the case to define a central electrolyte chamber therebetween and air chambers axially outward thereof, a flat anode plate in the electrolyte chamber, a first collector between the anode and cathode plates and a flat electric insulating fluid permeable insulator between the cathode plate and the collector and cooperating therewith to maintain the plates in predetermined spaced relationship, electrolyte supply means conducting electrolyte into and out of the electrolyte chamber and air supply means conducting air under pressure into the air chambers to feed air into the outer surface of the cathode plate and to urge the diaphragm axially toward the anode plate anode thereby urging plate collector, insulator and cathode plate into uniform pressure engagement with each other.

摘要翻译： 一种金属/空气燃料电池，包括具有封闭内部空间的细长壳体，扁平柔性隔膜和具有轴向设置的内部相对表面和外表面的扁平阴极板，并且布置在壳体中以在其间限定中央电解质室和空气室轴向 在其外侧，电解液室中的平板阳极板，阳极板和阴极板之间的第一集电体和阴极板与集电体之间的平坦的电绝缘流体可渗透的绝缘体，与其配合以将板保持预定间隔的关系，电解质供应 意味着将电解质导入和流出电解质室和空气供应装置，将压力下的空气引导到空气室中，以将空气进入阴极板的外表面，并将膜片轴向推向阳极板阳极，由此推动板收集器，绝缘体 和阴极板彼此均匀地压力接合。

公开(公告)号：US4659634A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-21

申请号：US825446

申请日：1986-02-03

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/0612

摘要： An electro-chemical electric power generating apparatus characterized by first and second electro-chemical fuel cells. Each cell includes a case containing spaced anode and cathode plates, an electrolyte between the plates and an external electric circuit connected therebetween. The apparatus next includes a steam-methane reformer to reform steam and methane to hydrogen enriched gas fuel. The cathode and anode fuels of the first cell are methanol and hydrogen and the byproducts of chemical reaction thereof are water and methane gas. The cathode and anode fuels of the second cell are oxygen and hydrogen and the byproduct of chemical reaction thereof is water. The methane gas byproduct of the first cell and the water byproduct of both cells are conducted to the steam-methane reformer and are reformed thereby into hydrogen enriched fuel gas which is conducted to and feeds the anodes of both of the cells.

摘要翻译： 一种以第一和第二电化学燃料电池为特征的电化学发电装置。 每个电池包括一个包含间隔开的阳极和阴极板的壳体，两个板之间的电解质和一个连接在它们之间的外部电路。 该装置接下来包括蒸汽 - 甲烷重整器，用于将蒸汽和甲烷重整成富氢气体燃料。 第一电池的阴极和阳极燃料是甲醇和氢气，其化学反应的副产物是水和甲烷气体。 第二电池的阴极和阳极燃料是氧和氢，并且其化学反应的副产物是水。 将第一电池的甲烷气体副产物和两个电池的水副产物进行到蒸汽 - 甲烷重整器，并由此重整成富氢燃料气体，该燃料气体被传导至两个电池的阳极并进料。

公开(公告)号：US4492741A

公开(公告)日：1985-01-08

申请号：US563464

申请日：1983-12-20

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M8/22

CPC分类号： H01M8/22

摘要： A primary fuel cell including an elongate case defining a central ion exchange compartment with opposite ends and containing a liquid ionolyte. The case next defines an anode section at one end of the case and including a gas compartment containing boron monoxide gas fuel, a liquid compartment between the gas compartment and the ion exchange compartment and containing a liquid anolyte. The ionolyte and anolyte are separated by a cationic membrane. The gas and liquid compartments are separated by an anode plate including an electron collector part, a catalyst material carried by said part and a gas permeable hydrophobic membrane between the boron monoxide gas and the catalyst material. The cell further includes a cathode section at the other end of the case defining a cathode fuel compartment containing a fluid cathode fuel and a cathode plate between and separating the cathode fuel and the ionolyte in the ion exchange compartment. The cathode plate includes an electron distributor part and a catalyst material carried by the distributor part. If the cathode fuel is a gas fuel, the cathode plate also includes a gas permeable hydrophobic membrane between the catalyst material carried by the distributor part and the cathode fuel. The cathode and anode plates have terminals connected with a related external electric circuit.

摘要翻译： 主燃料电池包括限定具有相对端并包含液体离子电解质的中心离子交换室的细长壳体。 该情况接下来在壳体的一端限定阳极部分，并且包括含有一氧化碳气体燃料的气室，气室和离子交换室之间的液体室，并且含有液体阳极电解液。 离子电解质和阳极电解液由阳离子膜分离。 气体和液体隔室由包括电子收集器部分的阳极板，由所述部分承载的催化剂材料和在一氧化硼气体和催化剂材料之间的透气疏水膜分隔开。 电池进一步包括阴极部分，在壳体的另一端形成阴极燃料室，该阴极燃料室包含流体阴极燃料和阴离子板，并分离阴极燃料和离子交换室中的离子液体。 阴极板包括电子分配器部件和由分配器部件承载的催化剂材料。 如果阴极燃料是气体燃料，阴极板还包括在由分配器部分承载的催化剂材料和阴极燃料之间的透气疏水膜。 阴极和阳极板具有与相关外部电路连接的端子。

公开(公告)号：US4390602A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-28

申请号：US303728

申请日：1981-09-21

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M2/26 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/24 ,  H01M12/00 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/246 ,  H01M12/00 ,  H01M2/26 ,  H01M8/00

摘要： An improved fuel cell comprising an anode section including an anode terminal, an anode fuel, and an anolyte electrolyte, a cathode section including a cathode terminal, an electron distributor and a catholyte electrolyte, an ion exchange section between the anode and cathode sections and including an ionolyte electrolyte, ion transfer membranes separating the ionolyte from the anolyte and the catholyte and an electric circuit connected with and between the terminals conducting free electrons from the anode section and delivering free electrons to the cathode section, said ionolyte receives ions of one polarity moving from the anolyte through the membrane related thereto preventing chemical equilibrium in the anode section and sustaining chemical reaction and the generating of free electrons therein, said ions received by the ionolyte from the anolyte release different ions from the ionolyte which move through the membrane between the ionolyte and catholyte and which add to the catholyte.

摘要翻译： 一种改进的燃料电池，包括阳极部分，其包括阳极端子，阳极燃料和阳极电解液，阴极部分，包括阴极端子，电子分配器和阴极电解质电解质，阳极部分和阴极部分之间的离子交换部分， 离子电解质电解质，离子电解质与阳极电解液和阴极电解液分离的离子转移膜，以及与阳极部分连接并在其之间和之间的电路，并将自由电子传递到阴极部分，所述离子电解质接收一个极性移动的离子 从阳极电解液通过与其相关的膜，防止阳极部分的化学平衡并维持化学反应并在其中产生自由电子，由离子电解液从阳极电解液接收的离子从离子电解质释放不同的离子，离子电解质在电离层之间移动通过膜 和阴极电解液，并增加阴道 te。

公开(公告)号：US4275125A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-23

申请号：US126686

申请日：1980-03-03

申请人： Ralph C. Struthers

发明人： Ralph C. Struthers

IPC分类号： H01M4/46 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： H01M12/06 ,  H01M4/46

摘要： A fuel-air cell comprising an anode of readily corrodable metal such as aluminum or magnesium, a porous substantially non-corrosive cathode spaced from the anode and a caustic fluid electrolyte between and contacting the anode and cathode, said electrolyte is a mixture of a base having equivalent ionic conductance value of 180 or higher when tested in concentrations of 0.5 M and an acid having equivalent ionic conductance values of 100 or higher when tested in concentrations of 0.5 M and proton transfer reactance (PK1) values less than 1.0; whereby no corrosion of the anode occurs when, by varying the proportioning of the base and acid, the PH of the electrolyte is at or below 7, no appreciable corrosion of the anode occurs when the PH of the electrolyte is between 7 and 14; and minor corrosion of the anode occurs when the PH of the electrolyte is above 14.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料空气电池，包括易腐蚀性金属如铝或镁的阳极，与阳极间隔开的多孔基本上非腐蚀性的阴极和阳极和阴极之间的接触阳极和碱性液体电解质，所述电解质是碱 当以0.5M的浓度和小于1.0的质子转移电抗（PK1）值进行测试时，当以0.5M的浓度和等离子体电导值为100或更高的酸进行测试时，其等效离子电导值为180或更高; 当电解质的PH值通过改变碱和酸的比例时，电解质的PH等于或低于7时，不会发生阳极的腐蚀，当电解液的PH为7至14时，不会发生明显的阳极腐蚀; 当电解液的PH高于14时，会发生轻微的阳极腐蚀。