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    Matrix bed for generating non-planar reaction wave fronts, and method thereof
    1.
    发明授权
    Matrix bed for generating non-planar reaction wave fronts, and method thereof 有权
    用于产生非平面反应波前的矩阵床及其方法

    公开(公告)号：US06257869B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

    申请号：US09417944

    申请日：1999-10-13

    申请人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    发明人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    IPC分类号： F23D340

    CPC分类号： F23C99/006 ,  F23G2202/50 ,  F23G2209/14

    摘要： A matrix bed is disclosed in which a non-planar reaction wave front is formed during operation. This is accomplished by heating the matrix bed, containing heat-resistant material, until at least a reaction portion of the matrix bed is above the temperature required for a plurality of reactant gas streams to react. Next, the reactant gas streams are directed through the matrix bed in a manner so as to form at least a Bunsen, Burke-Schumann, inverted-V, or some other type of non-planar reaction wave front at the portion of the matrix bed that is heated above the reactant gas streams reaction temperature. At the non-planar reaction wave front, the reactant gas streams react to produce a reaction product gas stream that is then exhausted from the matrix bed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种矩阵床，其中在操作期间形成非平面反应波前。 这是通过加热含有耐热材料的基质床，直到基质床的至少一个反应部分高于多个反应物气流反应所需的温度来实现的。 接下来，反应物气体流以这样的方式被引导通过基质床，以便在基质床的部分处形成至少Bunsen，Burke-Schumann，倒V或一些其它类型的非平面反应波前 其被加热到反应物气流反应温度以上。 在非平面反应波前，反应气流反应产生反应产物气流，然后将其从基质床中排出。

    Method of reducing internal combustion engine emissions, and system for same
    2.
    发明授权
    Method of reducing internal combustion engine emissions, and system for same 失效
    减少内燃机排放的方法和系统相同

    公开(公告)号：US6003305A

    公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

    申请号：US922176

    申请日：1997-09-02

    申请人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Michael P. Barkdoll ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    发明人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Michael P. Barkdoll ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    IPC分类号： B01D53/94 ,  F01N3/01 ,  F01N3/023 ,  F01N3/025 ,  F01N3/037 ,  F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/26 ,  F01N3/28 ,  F01N9/00 ,  F01N13/02 ,  F01N3/00

    CPC分类号： F01N9/002 ,  B01D53/9431 ,  F01N13/0097 ,  F01N3/0253 ,  F01N3/027 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/037 ,  F01N3/26 ,  F01N3/2882 ,  F01N2240/02 ,  F01N2240/16 ,  F01N2330/08 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/03 ,  Y02T10/24 ,  Y02T10/47

    摘要： A process is provided for preparing oxymorphone from morphine by:(1) reacting morphine with (1a) an acyl halide or anhydride to form 3-acylmorphine, or (1b) reacting morphine with benzyl-halide to form 3-benzylmorphine;(2) Oxidizing the 6-hydroxy group of the 3-acyl or 3-benzylmorphine so as to form the corresponding 3-acyl or 3-benzylmorphinone; and thereafter either by (3a) or (3b):(3a) introducing a .beta.-oriented hydroxy group at the 14-position of the 3-acyl- or 3-benzyl-morphinone with aqueous hydrogen peroxide and an acid at a temperature of about 15.degree. to about 70.degree. C. to form the 3-acyl or 3-benzyl-14-hydroxymorphinone;(3b) acylating the 3-acyl or 3-benzyl-morphinone with an acylating agent so as to form the dienol acylate followed by oxidizing the dienol acetate to the corresponding 3-acyl or 3-benzyl-14 -hydroxymorphinone;(4) hydrogenating the 3-acyl-14-hydroxymorphinone with a catalyst so as to form the 3-acyloxymorphone;(5) hydrolyzing the 3-acyl-oxymorphone with aqueous acidic or basic solution to form oxymorphone;(6) hydrogenating the 3-benzyl-14-hydroxymorphinone with a catalyst so as to form oxymorphone.

    摘要翻译： 提供了通过以下步骤制备吗啡的羟吗啡酮的方法：（1）吗啡与（1a）酰卤或酸酐反应形成3-酰基吗啡，或（1b）使吗啡与苄基卤反应形成3-苄基吗啡; （2）氧化3-酰基或3-苄基吗啡的6-羟基，形成相应的3-酰基或3-苄基吗啡酮; 然后通过（3a）或（3b）：（3a）在3-酰基 - 或3-苄基 - 吗啡酮的14位上引入β-取代的羟基与过氧化氢水溶液和酸在 约15℃至约70℃，以形成3-酰基或3-苄基-14-羟基吗啡酮; （3b）用酰化剂酰化3-酰基或3-苄基吗啡酮，以形成二烯醇酰化物，然后将乙酸烯醇氧化成相应的3-酰基或3-苄基-14-羟基吗啡酮; （4）用催化剂氢化3-酰基-14-羟基吗啡酮以形成3-酰氧基吗啡酮; （5）用酸性或碱性水溶液水解3-酰基羟基吗啡酮以形成羟吗啡酮; （6）用催化剂氢化3-苄基-14-羟基吗啡酮以形成羟吗啡酮。

    Method of reducing internal combustion engine emissions, and system for same
    3.
    发明授权
    Method of reducing internal combustion engine emissions, and system for same 有权
    减少内燃机排放的方法和系统相同

    公开(公告)号：US06391267B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-05-21

    申请号：US09398580

    申请日：1999-09-17

    申请人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Michael P. Barkdoll ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    发明人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Michael P. Barkdoll ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    IPC分类号： F01N310

    CPC分类号： F01N9/002 ,  B01D53/9431 ,  F01N3/0253 ,  F01N3/027 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/037 ,  F01N3/26 ,  F01N3/2882 ,  F01N13/0097 ,  F01N2240/02 ,  F01N2240/16 ,  F01N2330/08 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/03 ,  Y02T10/24 ,  Y02T10/47

    摘要： A method and system for reducing pollutant concentration within an internal combustion engine exhaust stream is disclosed. Soot and products of incomplete combustion in the engine exhaust stream are destroyed by oxidizing them in a flameless thermal oxidizer that contains a matrix of heat-resistant media. Methods and systems for increasing particle residence time within the thermal oxidizer are also disclosed. These techniques include employing electrostatic precipitation, centrifugal force, and particle impaction sections. A method and system for reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions is also disclosed. Low NOx concentration may be obtained by adding a SCR system after a thermal oxidizer, by tuning the engine to produce low NOx/high soot and destroying the soot in a thermal oxidizer, and by injecting a reductant into the thermal oxidizer. The flameless thermal oxidizer may be located between the engine and a turbo-charger to enhance thermal efficiency and to reduce turbo-charger wear. The thermal oxidizer comprises longitudinal and radial flow systems, which each may include a reaction wave of the following shapes: planar, cylindrical, Bunsen, Burke-Schumann, and an inverted V. An engineered matrix is disclosed to manipulate the shape of the reaction zone.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于降低内燃机排气流中的污染物浓度的方法和系统。 在含有耐热介质基质的无焰热氧化器中，通过将发动机废气流中不完全燃烧的烟灰和产物氧化而被破坏。 还公开了用于增加热氧化剂内的颗粒停留时间的方法和系统。 这些技术包括采用静电沉淀，离心力和颗粒撞击部分。 还公开了一种减少氮氧化物（NOx）排放的方法和系统。 通过在热氧化剂之后添加SCR系统，通过调节发动机以产生低NOx /高烟灰并破坏热氧化剂中的烟灰，以及通过将还原剂注入到热氧化器中，可以获得低NOx浓度。 无焰热氧化器可以位于发动机和涡轮增压器之间，以提高热效率并减少涡轮增压器的磨损。 热氧化剂包括纵向和径向流动系统，每个流动系统可以包括以下形状的反应波：平面，圆柱形，本生，伯克 - 舒曼和倒V型。公开了一种工程化的基体来操纵反应区的形状 。

    Matrix bed for generating non-planar reaction wave fronts, and method thereof
    4.
    发明授权
    Matrix bed for generating non-planar reaction wave fronts, and method thereof 失效
    用于产生非平面反应波前的矩阵床及其方法

    公开(公告)号：US5989010A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

    申请号：US921815

    申请日：1997-09-02

    申请人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    发明人： Richard J. Martin ,  John D. Stilger ,  Mark R. Holst ,  John D. Young ,  Bradley L. Edgar

    IPC分类号： F23C99/00 ,  F23D3/40

    CPC分类号： F23C99/006 ,  F23G2202/50 ,  F23G2209/14

    摘要： A matrix bed is disclosed in which a non-planar reaction wave front is formed during operation. This is accomplished by heating the matrix bed, containing heat-resistant material, until at least a reaction portion of the matrix bed is above the temperature required for a plurality of reactant gas streams to react. Next, the reactant gas streams are directed through the matrix bed in a manner so as to form at least a Bunsen, Burke-Schumann, inverted-V, or some other type of non-planar reaction wave front at the portion of the matrix bed that is heated above the reactant gas streams reaction temperature. At the non-planar reaction wave front, the reactant gas streams react to produce a reaction product gas stream that is then exhausted from the matrix bed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种矩阵床，其中在操作期间形成非平面反应波前。 这是通过加热含有耐热材料的基质床，直到基质床的至少一个反应部分高于多个反应物气流反应所需的温度来实现的。 接下来，反应物气体流以这样的方式被引导通过基质床，以便在基质床的部分处形成至少Bunsen，Burke-Schumann，倒V或一些其它类型的非平面反应波前 其被加热到反应物气流反应温度以上。 在非平面反应波前，反应气流反应产生反应产物气流，然后将其从基质床中排出。

    Method and apparatus for thermally reacting chemicals in a matrix bed
    5.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for thermally reacting chemicals in a matrix bed 失效
    在基质床中使化学物质热反应的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06015540A

    公开(公告)日：2000-01-18

    申请号：US922189

    申请日：1997-09-02

    申请人： Stephen R. McAdams ,  Bradley L. Edgar ,  Richard J. Martin ,  Marvin M. Kilgo ,  Christopher B. Baer ,  John D. Stilger

    发明人： Stephen R. McAdams ,  Bradley L. Edgar ,  Richard J. Martin ,  Marvin M. Kilgo ,  Christopher B. Baer ,  John D. Stilger

    IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/04 ,  F23C99/00 ,  C01B11/00 ,  F23D11/44 ,  F23B5/20

    CPC分类号： F23C99/006 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/0242 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00097 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/0084 ,  B01J2219/1942 ,  B01J2219/1946 ,  F23G2202/50 ,  F23G2209/10 ,  F23G2209/14 ,  F23G2209/142

    摘要： An improved method and apparatus is provided for thermally reacting chemicals in a matrix bed of porous inert media. The reaction is conducted in an apparatus that is capable of establishing and maintaining a non-planar reaction wave within the matrix bed. The positioning of the non-planar reaction wave permits the interior surfaces of the vessel to be maintained at a temperature at least above 175.degree. F. The apparatus includes a vessel that contains the matrix bed; one or more feed tubes that extend into the matrix bed, where preferably an exterior portion of each of the feed tubes that passes through the vessel is insulated; an exhaust outlet; and a means for heating the matrix bed. The non-planar reaction wave is established by heating at least a portion of the matrix bed to at least the reaction temperature of the chemicals and feeding a process stream containing the chemicals to be reacted into the feed tubes. Upon exiting the feed tubes, the process stream is reacted in a non-planar reaction wave to produce heat and the reacted process stream. The heat from the non-planar reaction wave maintains the interior surfaces of the vessel at a temperature of at least 175.degree. F. during operation of the vessel. The reacted process stream is then directed to the exhaust outlet of the vessel.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的方法和装置，用于使多孔惰性介质的基质床中的化学物质热反应。 反应在能够在基质床内建立和维持非平面反应波的装置中进行。 非平面反应波的定位允许容器的内表面保持在至少高于175°F的温度。该装置包括容纳基质床的容器; 延伸到基质床中的一个或多个进料管，其中优选地，穿过所述容器的每个进料管的外部部分是绝缘的; 排气口 以及用于加热基质床的装置。 通过将至少一部分基质床加热至至少化学品的反应温度并将含有要反应的化学物质的工艺流供给到进料管中来建立非平面反应波。 在离开进料管时，工艺流在非平面反应波中反应以产生热量和反应的工艺流。 来自非平面反应波的热量在容器操作期间将容器的内表面保持在至少175°F的温度。 然后将反应的工艺流引导到容器的排气出口。

    Devices for reducing emissions, and methods for same
    6.
    发明授权
    Devices for reducing emissions, and methods for same 失效
    降低排放的设备

    公开(公告)号：US06282371B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

    申请号：US09109777

    申请日：1998-07-02

    申请人： Richard J. Martin ,  Bradley L. Edgar ,  Dorriah L. Page ,  Partha P. Paul

    发明人： Richard J. Martin ,  Bradley L. Edgar ,  Dorriah L. Page ,  Partha P. Paul

    IPC分类号： F24H110

    CPC分类号： F01N3/2013 ,  F01N3/2817 ,  F01N3/2832 ,  F01N3/2889 ,  Y02T10/26

    摘要： An integrated oxidation-reduction process whereby a thermal oxidation zone and a NOx reduction zone are incorporated into a single device. A thermal oxidation and catalytic reduction system having a multi-spiral, heat recuperative configuration and including a lean NOx catalytic section disposed in the low-temperature regions is disclosed, as is a corresponding method. The catalyst may be disposed on the oxidizer walls or on a matrix of porous inert media disposed in the spiral passages of the oxidizer. A film-injection technique to selectively provide reactants to the catalyst surface is also disclosed. The catalyst may be limited to a concave portion of a sidewall to diminish boundary layer separation of the reactants.

    摘要翻译： 一种整合的氧化还原方法，其中热氧化区和NOx还原区被结合到单个装置中。 公开了具有多螺旋，热还原构造并且包括设置在低温区域中的贫NOx催化部分的热氧化和催化还原系统，如相应的方法。 催化剂可以设置在氧化剂壁上或设置在氧化剂的螺旋通道中的多孔惰性介质的基质上。 还公开了选择性地向催化剂表面提供反应物的薄膜注射技术。 催化剂可以限于侧壁的凹部，以减少反应物的边界层分离。

    Device for thermally processing a gas stream, and method for same
    7.
    发明授权
    Device for thermally processing a gas stream, and method for same 有权
    用于热处理气流的装置及其方法

    公开(公告)号：US06532339B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-03-11

    申请号：US09950275

    申请日：2001-09-10

    申请人： Bradley L. Edgar ,  Richard J. Martin ,  Michael P. Barkdoll

    发明人： Bradley L. Edgar ,  Richard J. Martin ,  Michael P. Barkdoll

    IPC分类号： H05B378

    CPC分类号： F24H3/065 ,  F24H1/0045 ,  F24H1/43

    摘要： A spiral shaped device for thermally processing a gas stream and a method of use thereof is provided. The spiral shaped device has at least one sidewall formed into a coil; at least one spiral passage, defined by the sidewall, for directing the gas stream through the device, and having an inlet and an outlet; and a matrix of heat resistant inert media disposed in at least a portion of the device. The device is particularly useful as a recuperative flameless thermal oxidizer for oxidizing organic material contained in the gas stream or as a heat exchanger. When the device is used as a flameless thermal oxidizer, the device preferably has at least two coiled sidewalls; at least two spiral passages defined by the coiled sidewalls; a chamber located proximate to the interior ends of the coiled sidewalls for directing the gas stream from the spiral inlet passage to spiral outlet passage; and a matrix of heat resistant inert media, preferably disposed in at least the chamber. When the device is used as a heat exchanger, the device preferably has two separate loops, where one loop directs a gas stream and the second loop directs a fluid stream in and out of the device to enable heat transfer therebetween. In the method of the present invention, a gas stream is directed in the device of the present invention, and is thermally processed therein.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于热处理气流的螺旋形装置及其使用方法。 螺旋形装置具有形成为线圈的至少一个侧壁; 由侧壁限定的至少一个螺旋通道，用于引导气流通过该装置，并具有入口和出口; 以及设置在所述装置的至少一部分中的耐热惰性介质的基质。 该装置作为用于氧化包含在气流中的有机材料或作为热交换器的回热无焰热氧化剂是特别有用的。 当该装置用作无焰热氧化剂时，该装置优选地具有至少两个螺旋侧壁; 由盘绕的侧壁限定的至少两个螺旋通道; 位于螺旋侧壁的内端附近的腔室，用于将气流从螺旋入口通道引导到螺旋出口通道; 以及优选地设置在至少所述室中的耐热惰性介质的基质。 当该装置用作热交换器时，该装置优选地具有两个单独的回路，其中一个回路引导气流，而第二回路引导流体流进出该装置，以使其间的热传递。 在本发明的方法中，将气流引导到本发明的装置中，并在其中进行热处理。