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公开(公告)号：US5879571A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US474777
申请日：1995-06-07
CPC分类号： G02B6/1245 , G02B6/42 , G02B6/4249 , G02B2006/12102 , G02B2006/12176 , G02B6/421
摘要： A method for forming lensed ends on waveguides to within very fine tolerances is applicable to many types of waveguides, including single fibers and POWs. The method uses photolithographic materials and techniques, but uses the waveguides themselves to provide the exposing radiation. Thus a method for forming a lens on the end of a waveguide having a waveguiding region and a cladding region includes the step of coating a first end of the waveguide with a photoresist material having sensitivity to at least light in a particular wavelength range. Light in that particular wavelength range is then injected into a second end of the waveguide so that the light within the waveguiding region preferentially exposes the photoresist that covers the waveguiding region at the first end of the waveguide. The method can be carried out with either positive photoresist (where only the exposed portion is removed by development) or negative photoresist (where only the exposed portion remains after development).
摘要翻译： 在波导上形成非常精细的公差中的透镜端的方法可应用于许多类型的波导，包括单个光纤和POW。 该方法使用光刻材料和技术，但是使用波导本身来提供曝光辐射。 因此，在具有波导区域和包层区域的波导的端部上形成透镜的方法包括用具有至少在特定波长范围内的光的灵敏度的光致抗蚀剂材料涂覆波导的第一端的步骤。 然后将该特定波长范围的光注入波导的第二端，使得波导区域内的光优先地暴露在波导的第一端处覆盖波导区域的光致抗蚀剂。 该方法可以用正性光致抗蚀剂（其中仅通过显影除去暴露部分）或负性光致抗蚀剂（其中仅显影部分保留后露出部分）进行。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06680912B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-20
申请号：US09519024
申请日：2000-03-03
IPC分类号： G01R3108
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04J3/085 , H04J2203/0042 , H04J2203/0053 , H04J2203/006 , H04L12/43 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/28 , H04L47/122 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/283 , H04L47/32 , H04L47/41 , H04L47/746 , H04L47/762 , Y02D50/30
摘要： The disclosed network includes two rings, wherein a first ring transmits data in a clockwise direction, and the other ring transmits data in a counterclockwise direction. The traffic is removed from the ring by the destination node. During normal operations (i.e., all spans operational), data between nodes flows on the ring that would provide the minimum number of hops to the destination node. Thus, both rings are fully utilized during normal operations. The nodes periodically test the bit error rate of the links (or the error rate is constantly calculated) to detect a fault in one of the links. The detection of such a fault sends a broadcast signal to all nodes to reconfigure a routing table within the node so as to identify the optimum routing of source traffic to the destination node after the fault. Since the available links will now see more data traffic due to the failed link, traffic designated as “unprotected” traffic is given lower priority and may be dropped or delayed in favor of the “protected” traffic. Specific techniques are described for identifying a failed link, communicating the failed link to the other nodes, differentiating between protected and unprotected classes of traffic, and updating the routing tables.
摘要翻译： 所公开的网络包括两个环，其中第一环以顺时针方向传输数据，另一个环以逆时针方向发送数据。 目的节点将流量从环中移除。 在正常操作期间（即所有跨度可操作），节点之间的数据在环上流动，将向目标节点提供最小跳数。 因此，在正常操作期间两个环都被充分利用。 节点周期性地测试链路的误码率（或者不断地计算错误率）以检测链路之一的故障。 这种故障的检测向所有节点发送广播信号，以重新配置节点内的路由表，以便在故障之后识别到源目的地节点的源业务的最佳路由。 由于可用的链接现在将看到由于链路故障导致的更多的数据流量，所以指定为“未受保护”流量的流量被给予较低优先级，并且可能会被丢弃或延迟，有利于“受保护”流量。 描述用于识别故障链路，将故障链路传递到其他节点，区分受保护和不受保护的流量类别以及更新路由表的特定技术。
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公开(公告)号：US06865149B1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US09519442
申请日：2000-03-03
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04L12/42 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/123 , H04L45/22
摘要： The disclosed network includes two rings, wherein a first ring transmits data in a clockwise direction, and the other ring transmits data in a counterclockwise direction. The traffic is removed from the ring by the destination node. During normal operations (i.e., all spans operational), data between nodes flows on the ring that would provide the minimum number of hops to the destination node. Thus, both rings are fully utilized during normal operations. The nodes periodically test the bit error rate of the links (or the error rate is constantly calculated) to detect a fault in one of the links. The detection of such a fault sends a broadcast signal to all nodes to reconfigure a routing table within the node so as to identify the optimum routing of source traffic to the destination node after the fault. Since the available links will now see more data traffic due to the failed link, traffic designated as “unprotected” traffic is given lower priority and may be dropped or delayed in favor of the “protected” traffic. Specific techniques are described for identifying a failed link, communicating the failed link to the other nodes, differentiating between protected and unprotected classes of traffic, and updating the routing tables.
摘要翻译： 所公开的网络包括两个环，其中第一环以顺时针方向传输数据，另一个环以逆时针方向发送数据。 目的节点将流量从环中移除。 在正常操作期间（即所有跨度可操作），节点之间的数据在环上流动，将向目标节点提供最小跳数。 因此，在正常操作期间两个环都被充分利用。 节点周期性地测试链路的误码率（或者不断地计算错误率）以检测链路之一的故障。 这种故障的检测向所有节点发送广播信号，以重新配置节点内的路由表，以便在故障之后识别到源目的地节点的源业务的最佳路由。 由于可用的链接现在将看到由于链路故障导致的更多的数据流量，所以指定为“未受保护”流量的流量被给予较低优先级，并且可能会被丢弃或延迟，有利于“受保护”流量。 描述用于识别故障链路，将故障链路传递到其他节点，区分受保护和不受保护的流量类别以及更新路由表的特定技术。
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4.发明授权Architecture for transport of multiple services in connectionless packet-based communication networks 有权用于在无连接的基于分组的通信网络中传输多个服务的架构公开(公告)号：US06647428B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09567555
申请日：2000-05-05
申请人： Vinay K. Bannai , Charles F. Barry , Inwhan Choi , Jason C. Fan , Robert F. Kalman , Richard Lindquist , Sohail Mallick , Atul Shinde , Seshadri Srinivasan , Robert Stillman , Warren Watts
发明人： Vinay K. Bannai , Charles F. Barry , Inwhan Choi , Jason C. Fan , Robert F. Kalman , Richard Lindquist , Sohail Mallick , Atul Shinde , Seshadri Srinivasan , Robert Stillman , Warren Watts
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： H04L29/12801 , H04L29/12009 , H04L45/00 , H04L61/6004 , H04L69/324 , H04Q11/0066 , H04Q11/0071 , H04Q2011/0073 , H04Q2011/0077
摘要： An architecture for transport of multiple services in connectionless packet-based networks is described herein, along with the packet format used for data transport in this architecture. The architecture supports transport of both connectionless packetized data and framed data from synchronous leased lines. The architecture supports transparent packetization of incoming DS1 data. The architecture works for mesh architectures but is optimized for OSI Layer 1 (crossconnect) and Layer 2 (Virtual LAN, or VLAN) services and for ring topologies, since for these services in a ring no path setup is required using a label distribution protocol. In addition, it simultaneously supports OSI Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3 services.
摘要翻译： 本文中描述了用于在无连接分组的网络中传送多个服务的架构，以及在该架构中用于数据传输的分组格式。 该架构支持从同步租用线路传输无连接分组数据和成帧数据。 该架构支持传入DS1数据的透明分组。 该架构适用于网格架构，但针对OSI第1层（交叉连接）和第2层（虚拟LAN或VLAN）服务和环形拓扑结构进行了优化，因为对于环中的这些服务，无需使用标签分发协议进行路径设置。 此外，它同时支持OSI第1层，第2层和第3层服务。
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公开(公告)号：US06424756B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09397157
申请日：1999-09-15
IPC分类号： G02B642
CPC分类号： G02B6/3594 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3556 , G02B2006/12104
摘要： An optical switch comprises a two-dimensional array of optical inputs, a Fourier transform lens, and a two-dimensional array of optical outputs. Each of the optical inputs emits an optical beam that is transmitted through the Fourier transform lens to one of the optical outputs. A first deflection means gives each of the optical beams a respective direction of incidence upon the Fourier transform lens. The optical output to which a given beam travels depends on the beam's respective direction of incidence. A second deflection means deflects the optical beams after they have been transmitted through the Fourier transform lens and renders the beams parallel, thereby enabling the beams to couple efficiently to the optical outputs. Each of the deflection means preferably comprises at least one Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, or MEMS, deflector array. The optical inputs and outputs preferably comprise optical fibers. The Fourier transform lens overcomes diffraction limitations, since the lens causes the spreading optical beams to reconverge.
摘要翻译： 光学开关包括光学输入的二维阵列，傅里叶变换透镜和光学输出的二维阵列。 每个光输入端发射通过傅里叶变换透镜传输到光输出之一的光束。 第一偏转装置给每个光束在傅立叶变换透镜上的相应入射方向。 给定光束行进的光输出取决于光束的相应入射方向。 第二偏转装置在光束被透射通过傅立叶变换透镜之后使光束偏转并使光束平行，从而使光束有效地耦合到光输出端。 每个偏转装置优选地包括至少一个微机电系统或MEMS导流器阵列。 光输入和输出优选地包括光纤。 傅里叶变换透镜克服了衍射限制，因为透镜使得扩展光束重新变形。
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公开(公告)号：US5185749A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-09
申请号：US897603
申请日：1992-06-10
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , G01B9/0209 , H01S3/06795 , G01B2290/70
摘要： There is disclosed a new superfluorescent source comprising a long fiber doped with a lasing material presenting three-level transitions, such as Erbium. Due to the ground state signal absorption present in three-level systems, the source of the present invention can achieve backward signal quantum efficiencies well in excess of the limit of 0.5 exhibited by four-level systems. The source can be used in a Sagnac interferometer which may comprise an optical isolator because of possible high feedback.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种新的超荧光源，其包括掺杂有呈现三级跃迁的激光材料的长纤维，例如铒。 由于三电平系统中存在基态信号吸收，本发明的源可以实现超过四电平系统显示的极限值0.5的反向信号量子效率。 源可以用在Sagnac干涉仪中，由于可能的高反馈，Sagnac干涉仪可能包括光隔离器。
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