摘要:
A process for photocatalytic acceptor-free dehydrogenation of alkanes and alcohols, in which an alkane or an alcohol is irradiated in the presence of a rhodium complex containing organic phosphorus(III) compounds as ligands as a catalyst, and in the presence of at least one Lewis base is provided.
摘要:
An electrochemical method for coupling anilines. When coupling two different anilines, the difference of the oxidation potential of the substrates is in the region of between 10 mV to 450 mV, and the aniline with the highest oxidation potential is added in excess. The method allows biaryldiamines to be electrochemically produced, and can avoid the need for multi-step syntheses using metallic reagents.
摘要:
An electrochemical treatment of differently protected aniline or napthylamine results in the preparation of unsymmetrical 2, 2′-diaminebiaryls provided with different protecting groups. The treatment involves the protecting groups prior to the C, C coupling step. The co-reactants generally have different oxidation potentials which results from the selection of the protecting groups. The treatment also enables controlled access to the individual amino functions of the 2, 2′-diaminobiaryls by subsequent selective deprotection.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the purification of a contaminated organophosphorus product which comprises at least one organophosphorus compound and, as contaminant, at least one chlorine compound. It is based on the object of indicating a purification method in which the chlorine content of an organophosphorus product which comprises at least one organophosphorus compound and at least one chlorine compound as contaminant, can be reduced from originally 1000 to 100 000 ppm to a total chlorine content between 10 ppm and 10 000 ppm. This is achieved by a process with the steps: a) provision of the contaminated organophosphorus product; b) complete dissolution of the contaminated organophosphorus product in a solvent to give a contaminated solution; c) separation of the contaminated solution by means of a filter and/or by means of a membrane separation unit to give a purified solution; d) removal of the solvent from the purified solution to give a purified organophosphorus product.
摘要:
An unsymmetric bisphosphite of the formula (1) a process for preparation thereof, a reaction thereof with metals to give mixtures containing complexes of the unsymmetric bisphosphite and the metal, and a use thereof as a catalytically active composition in hydroformylation reactions, where the hydroformylation-active composition contains, as well as the complex of metal and unsymmetric bisphosphite, unbound bisphosphite and at least one further component.
摘要:
The invention relates to a mixture of bisphosphites, to a process for preparation thereof, and to the reaction thereof with metals to give mixtures comprising complexes of the constitutionally isomeric bisphosphites and the metal, and to the use thereof as a catalytically active composition in hydroformylation reactions, and also to the hydroformylation reaction itself.
摘要:
The invention relates to a mixture of unsymmetric bisphosphites, to a process for preparation thereof, to the reaction thereof with metals to give mixtures comprising complexes of the bisphosphites and the metal, and to the use thereof as a catalytically active composition in hydroformylation reactions, and also to the hydroformylation reaction itself.
摘要:
A process for preparing unsymmetric biphenols, comprising: a) adding a first substituted phenol to the reaction mixture; b) adding a second substituted phenol having different substitution than the first phenol to the reaction mixture; c) adding selenium dioxide to the reaction mixture; d) adding a solvent; and e) heating the reaction mixture such that the first substituted phenol and the second phenol having different substitution are converted to an unsymmetric biphenol.
摘要:
The invention relates to processes for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of alkenes, in which an alkene-containing feed mixture is subjected to a primary hydroformylation with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst system, the primary hydroformylation being effected in a primary reaction zone from which a cycle gas containing at least some of the products and unconverted reactants of the primary hydroformylation are drawn off continuously and partly condensed, with recycling of uncondensed components of the cycle gas into the primary reaction zone, and with distillative separation of condensed components of the cycle gas in an aldehyde removal stage to give an aldehyde-rich mixture and a low-aldehyde mixture. The problem that it addresses is that of developing the process such that it achieves high conversions and affords aldehyde in good product quality even in the case of a deteriorating raw material position. More particularly, a solution is to be found for making legacy oxo process plants capable of utilizing lower-value raw material sources. This problem is solved by separating the low-aldehyde mixture into a retentate and a permeate by means of a membrane separation unit in such a way that alkenes present in the low-aldehyde mixture become enriched in the permeate, while alkanes present in the low-aldehyde mixture become enriched in the retentate. The alkene-rich permeate is then transferred into a secondary reaction zone and subjected to a secondary hydroformylation therein with synthesis gas in the presence of an SILP catalyst system. The reaction product obtained from the secondary hydroformylation is recycled into the aldehyde removal stage.