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    System and methodology for tracing to a source of unauthorized copying of prerecorded proprietary material, such as movies
    1.
    发明授权
    System and methodology for tracing to a source of unauthorized copying of prerecorded proprietary material, such as movies 失效
    跟踪未经授权复制预录专有资料（如电影）的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06285774B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-09-04

    申请号：US09092898

    申请日：1998-06-08

    申请人： Robert W. Schumann ,  Siu-Leong Iu ,  Kobad Bugwadia ,  Guillaume Mercier ,  Shiva Ramadoss ,  Michael Bergeron ,  Jack Ehrhardt

    发明人： Robert W. Schumann ,  Siu-Leong Iu ,  Kobad Bugwadia ,  Guillaume Mercier ,  Shiva Ramadoss ,  Michael Bergeron ,  Jack Ehrhardt

    IPC分类号： H04K100

    CPC分类号： H04N5/913 ,  H04N9/8227 ,  H04N19/00 ,  H04N2005/91335

    摘要： To enable the source of an unauthorized copy of an information-bearing medium, such as a video DVD, to be traced, a compressed digital signal stream to be stored on the medium is altered to include “running marks,” that comprise pixel blocks changing in position frame by frame and encoded with information designating where and when the copy was made. The medium under test is played back synchronously with a reference medium containing the locations of the running marks together with original video. The source of copying message is advantageously encrypted and scrambled to avoid detection or alteration by a copyist. The message preferably is spread, for example into a spread spectrum carrier, to enhance discrimination among a large number of sources and enable demodulation in the presence of noise.

    摘要翻译： 为了能够跟踪诸如视频DVD的信息承载介质的未经授权的复制源，要存储在介质上的压缩数字信号流被改变为包括“运行标记”，其包括像素块改变 逐帧位置编码，并用指定复制时间和时间的信息进行编码。 被测介质与包含运行标记位置的参考介质与原始视频同步回放。 复制消息的来源有利地加密和加密，以避免抄写员的检测或改变。 该消息优选地扩展到例如扩频载波中，以增强大量源之间的鉴别，并且在存在噪声的情况下使能解调。

    Watermarking system and methodology for digital multimedia content
    5.
    发明授权
    Watermarking system and methodology for digital multimedia content 有权
    数字多媒体内容的水印系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08538886B1

    公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

    申请号：US09763917

    申请日：1999-08-31

    申请人： Siu-Leong Iu ,  Malcom Davis ,  Hui Luo ,  Yun-Ting Lin ,  Guillaume Mercier ,  Kobad Bugwadia

    发明人： Siu-Leong Iu ,  Malcom Davis ,  Hui Luo ,  Yun-Ting Lin ,  Guillaume Mercier ,  Kobad Bugwadia

    IPC分类号： G06F17/00

    CPC分类号： G06T1/005

    摘要： An open digital watermark system and methodology having various features for unifying watermark production and processing among diverse user multimedia terminals (112), such as set top box, that may be OPIMA compliant. In accordance with specific aspects, intentional image warping is employed to combat pirating, the analog video channel used to download programming, packet signature implemented for watermark insertion by pixel replacement and use of the data stream made to reduce local data processing and storage.

    摘要翻译： 一种具有各种特征的开放数字水印系统和方法，用于在可能符合OPIMA的不同用户多媒体终端（112）（诸如机顶盒）之间统一水印生成和处理。 根据具体方面，采用有意图像扭曲来打击盗版，用于下载编程的模拟视频信道，通过像素替换实现用于水印插入的分组签名，以及使用为减少本地数据处理和存储而制作的数据流。

    Noise reduction system using multi-frame motion estimation, outlier rejection and trajectory correction
    6.
    发明授权
    Noise reduction system using multi-frame motion estimation, outlier rejection and trajectory correction 失效
    降噪系统采用多帧运动估计，异常消除和轨迹校正

    公开(公告)号：US5361105A

    公开(公告)日：1994-11-01

    申请号：US26977

    申请日：1993-03-05

    申请人： Siu-Leong Iu

    发明人： Siu-Leong Iu

    IPC分类号： H04N5/14 ,  H04N5/21 ,  H04N5/93 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N7/137

    CPC分类号： H04N5/145 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N5/21

    摘要： In a video signal noise reduction system, image pixels are tracked across multiple frames and then averaged to produce respective noise reduced pixel values. A motion estimator identifies a motion block within several video frames and determines an approximate velocity vector using a trimmed square estimation procedure. Trajectory correction is applied to each pixel in the motion block based on the velocity vector in order to determine a revised trajectory for the pixels. This correction is accomplished by determining a difference in position of a motion block between successive video frames. Based upon this revised trajectory, appropriate pixels corresponding to the motion block are obtained. These pixels are used in conjunction with pixel values obtained from each of the processed frames to produce an averaged video frame. Each pixel of the averaged video frame replaces the corresponding pixel in the original frame if the difference between the original pixel and the corresponding averaged pixel is less than the median difference between all of the original and averaged pixels.

    摘要翻译： 在视频信号降噪系统中，图像像素在多个帧之间被跟踪，然后被平均以产生相应的降噪像素值。 运动估计器识别几个视频帧内的运动块，并使用修剪的平方估计过程来确定近似速度矢量。 基于速度矢量对运动块中的每个像素进行轨迹校正，以确定像素的修正轨迹。 通过确定连续视频帧之间的运动块的位置差异来实现该校正。 基于该修正轨迹，获得对应于运动块的适当像素。 这些像素与从每个经处理的帧获得的像素值结合使用以产生平均的视频帧。 如果原始像素和相应的平均像素之间的差小于所有原始像素和平均像素之间的中值差，平均视频帧的每个像素将替换原始帧中的相应像素。

    Motion field modeling and estimation using motion transform
    7.
    发明授权
    Motion field modeling and estimation using motion transform 有权
    运动场建模与估计运动变换

    公开(公告)号：US06658059B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

    申请号：US09484038

    申请日：2000-01-18

    申请人： Siu-Leong Iu ,  Yun-Ting Lin

    发明人： Siu-Leong Iu ,  Yun-Ting Lin

    IPC分类号： H04B166

    CPC分类号： H04N19/547 ,  H04N19/51

    摘要： A motion transform is implemented for calculating the motion field between two images. An optical flow calculator is configured for generating an image motion vector field by iteratively comparing a predicted image with a second image frame, the predicted image being produced based upon a first memory frame and image gradients generated according to a motion estimate that is produced according to a transform function using transform coefficients. The transform coefficients are estimated based upon a previously determined image gradient.

    摘要翻译： 实现运动变换以计算两个图像之间的运动场。 光流计算器被配置为通过将预测图像与第二图像帧迭代地比较来生成图像运动矢量场，基于第一存储器帧产生的预测图像和根据根据第一存储器帧产生的运动估计生成的图像梯度 使用变换系数的变换函数。 基于先前确定的图像梯度来估计变换系数。

    Method and apparatus for estimating motion vector fields by rejecting local outliers
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for estimating motion vector fields by rejecting local outliers 失效
    通过拒绝局部异常值来估计运动矢量场的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5471252A

    公开(公告)日：1995-11-28

    申请号：US146746

    申请日：1993-11-03

    申请人： Siu-Leong Iu

    发明人： Siu-Leong Iu

    IPC分类号： H04N7/32 ,  G06T7/20 ,  H04N7/01

    CPC分类号： G06T7/2066

    摘要： An image analysis system generates a motion vector field from first and second images in a sequence of steps. First, random, initial motion vector values are assigned to each pixel in the image frame. Next, an objective function is defined for each motion vector and its corresponding motion vector in the other frame. The differences between the motion vectors of the target pixel value in the current frame and the other frame are minimized by minimizing the objective function values, first based on all neighboring pixel values. Next, the motion vector differences are further minimized by reducing the objective function values by rejecting motion vectors which correspond to the neighboring pixel values for which the value of the difference between the respective objective functions is outside of a threshold range. In one embodiment, pixel values in the first image frame are compared to neighboring pixel values in a second image frame which occurs after the first image and to other neighboring pixel values in a third image frame which occurs before the first image frame. This embodiment substantially eliminates motion vector errors due to both motion discontinuities and occlusion of pixels in the image.

    摘要翻译： 图像分析系统以一系列步骤从第一和第二图像生成运动矢量场。 首先，将随机的初始运动矢量值分配给图像帧中的每个像素。 接下来，针对另一帧中的每个运动矢量及其对应的运动矢量定义目标函数。 首先基于所有相邻的像素值，最小化目标函数值，使当前帧中的目标像素值与另一帧的运动矢量之间的差最小化。 接下来，通过拒绝与各个目标函数之间的差值超出阈值范围的相邻像素值相对应的运动矢量来减少目标函数值，进一步减小运动矢量差。 在一个实施例中，将第一图像帧中的像素值与发生在第一图像之后的第二图像帧中的相邻像素值和在第一图像帧之前发生的第三图像帧中的其它相邻像素值进行比较。 该实施例基本上消除了运动不连续性和图像中像素的遮挡的运动矢量误差。

    Secure oblivious watermarking using key-dependent mapping functions
    9.
    发明授权
    Secure oblivious watermarking using key-dependent mapping functions 有权
    使用密钥相关映射函数进行安全的遗忘水印

    公开(公告)号：US06901514B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-31

    申请号：US09583903

    申请日：2000-06-01

    申请人： Siu-Leong Iu ,  Wai Chu

    发明人： Siu-Leong Iu ,  Wai Chu

    IPC分类号： G06T1/00 ,  H04K1/02 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04N1/32

    CPC分类号： G06T1/005 ,  G06T2201/0052 ,  G06T2201/0065 ,  G06T2201/0083 ,  H04N1/32154 ,  H04N1/32165 ,  H04N1/32187 ,  H04N2201/3233 ,  H04N2201/327 ,  H04N2201/328

    摘要： A method for embedding a watermark into content is disclosed. The content contains content samples. The method including the steps of: receiving the content, creating a continuous watermark sequence from the watermark, and for each content sample in a first predetermined order: calculating a sample mean, calculating a sample variance, and normalizing the content. Further steps include generating a set of content coefficients from the content, generating a set of watermark coefficients from the watermark sequence, embedding the watermark in the content by adjusting the amplitude of the watermark coefficients so that the distortion between the content coefficients and the associated watermark coefficients are minimized using a secret mapping function, and outputting the content. The mapping functions may be controlled by a key-dependent random sequence to protect the watermarks.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种将水印嵌入到内容中的方法。 内容包含内容样本。 该方法包括以下步骤：接收内容，从水印中创建连续水印序列，并以第一预定顺序为每个内容样本：计算样本均值，计算样本方差，并对内容进行归一化。 进一步的步骤包括从内容生成一组内容系数，从水印序列生成一组水印系数，通过调整水印系数的幅度将水印嵌入到内容中，使得内容系数与相关水印之间的失真 使用秘密映射函数最小化系数，并输出内容。 映射函数可以由按键依赖的随机序列来控制，以保护水印。

    Motion compensation using minimum bits per motion block as criterion for block matching
    10.
    发明授权
    Motion compensation using minimum bits per motion block as criterion for block matching 失效
    运动补偿使用运动块最小位作为块匹配标准

    公开(公告)号：US5418617A

    公开(公告)日：1995-05-23

    申请号：US742398

    申请日：1991-08-08

    申请人： Saiprasad V. Naimpally ,  Siu-Leong Iu ,  Edwin R. Meyer

    发明人： Saiprasad V. Naimpally ,  Siu-Leong Iu ,  Edwin R. Meyer

    IPC分类号： H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N7/12

    CPC分类号： H04N19/567 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/61

    摘要： Apparatus for selecting a block of data in a previous frame to be used as a predicted block for a given block in a current frame in a system that reduces the bit rate by codifying the difference between the predicted block and the given block in a given manner by deriving the differences between the given block in the current frame and a plurality of blocks in the previous frame and selecting as the predicted block that block for which the codification of its differences with the given block requires the least number of bits. The apparatus can also select a predicted block from a number of blocks selected in accordance with ABD or SBD techniques.

    摘要翻译： 用于选择要用作系统中当前帧中的给定块的预测块的先前帧中的数据块的装置，其通过以给定方式编码预测块和给定块之间的差异来降低比特率 通过导出当前帧中的给定块与前一帧中的多个块之间的差异，并选择作为其与给定块的差异的编码所需的最少位数的块的预测块。 该装置还可以从根据ABD或SBD技术选择的多个块中选择预测块。