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    Portable fuel cell power supply
    1.
    发明授权
    Portable fuel cell power supply 有权
    便携式燃料电池电源

    公开(公告)号：US06268077B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

    申请号：US09260097

    申请日：1999-03-01

    申请人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Bobby Dean Landreth ,  Robert W. Pennisi ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Glenn F. Urbish

    发明人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Bobby Dean Landreth ,  Robert W. Pennisi ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Glenn F. Urbish

    IPC分类号： H01M810

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04761 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M8/247

    摘要： The invention provides a device for generating energy, utilizing a fuel cell. Air is freely guided to the fuel cell, while a fuel gas is provided to the fuel cell from a pressurized fuel supply via a regulator. The portable power supply is most applicable to use with handheld electric devices, and contains a fuel storage means (110) for storing a supply of fuel, a fuel delivery means (120) connected to the fuel storage means, an energy conversion device (140) connected to the fuel delivery means for converting the fuel to electricity. The fuel storage means, the fuel delivery means, and the energy conversion device are all contained in a volume less than 500 cubic centimeters.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种利用燃料电池产生能量的装置。 空气被自由地引导到燃料电池，同时燃料气体通过调节器从加压燃料供给到燃料电池。 便携式电源最适用于手持式电气设备，并且包括用于存储燃料供应的燃料储存装置（110），连接到燃料存储装置的燃料输送装置（120），能量转换装置（140） ）连接到用于将燃料转换成电力的燃料输送装置。 燃料储存装置，燃料输送装置和能量转换装置都包含在小于500立方厘米的容积中。

    Rewritable sign system
    2.
    发明授权
    Rewritable sign system 有权
    可重写标志系统

    公开(公告)号：US06888607B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-03

    申请号：US10232787

    申请日：2002-08-29

    申请人： Bobby Dean Landreth ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Robert W. Pennisi ,  Ronald J. Kelley ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  David S. Fredley

    发明人： Bobby Dean Landreth ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Robert W. Pennisi ,  Ronald J. Kelley ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  David S. Fredley

    IPC分类号： G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G02F1/1345

    CPC分类号： G02F1/13476 ,  G02F1/13306 ,  G02F1/13452 ,  G02F1/13718 ,  G02F2201/08 ,  G02F2203/34 ,  G09G3/3629

    摘要： Rewritable signs (100, 1300) that include bistable cholesteric liquid crystal layers (102, 1402, 1404, 1406) are provided. According to one embodiment a rewritable sign (100) is devoid of circuitry for establishing electric fields in localize regions for writing information to the rewritable sign (100), and is consequently inexpensive. In the latter embodiment, a separate information writer (400) that includes an array of pixel electrodes (404) that is driven by an active matrix (602) is used to write information on the rewritable sign. According to another embodiment a rewritable sign (1300) includes three cholesteric liquid layers (1402, 1404, 1406) each of which reflects a different primary color. The three cholesteric liquid crystal layers (1402, 1404, 1406) are interleaved with sets of conductive lines (1316, 1320, 1322, 1324) that are used to apply signals to the cholesteric liquid crystal layers (1402, 1404, 1406) for the purpose of writing information.

    摘要翻译： 提供了包括双稳态胆甾型液晶层（102,1402,1404,1406）的可重写符号（100,1300）。 根据一个实施例，可重写符号（100）没有用于在用于将信息写入可重写符号（100）的本地化区域中建立电场的电路，因此便宜。 在后一实施例中，包括由有源矩阵（602）驱动的像素电极阵列（404）的单独信息写入器（400）用于写入关于可重写符号的信息。 根据另一个实施例，可重写标志（1300）包括三个胆固醇液体层（1402,1404,1406），每个胆固醇液体层反映不同的原色。 三个胆甾型液晶层（1402,1404,1406）与用于将信号施加到胆甾醇型液晶层（1402,1404,1406）的导线组（1316,1320,1322,1324）交错，用于 写信息的目的。

    Planar fuel cell
    5.
    发明授权
    Planar fuel cell 有权
    平面燃料电池

    公开(公告)号：US06127058A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

    申请号：US183459

    申请日：1998-10-30

    申请人： Steven D. Pratt ,  Ronald J. Kelley ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Bobby Dean Landreth ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    发明人： Steven D. Pratt ,  Ronald J. Kelley ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Bobby Dean Landreth ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    IPC分类号： H01M8/24 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/02

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0297 ,  H01M8/242 ,  H01M2300/0082

    摘要： A planar fuel cell (20) is provided, including a membrane electrode assembly (23) sandwiched between two current collector assemblies (21, 22). The membrane electrode assembly is a single sheet of a polymer electrolyte membrane with an array of anodes (27) on one side and an array of corresponding cathodes (28) on the other side. The current collectors (25) can be supported by a plastic frame (24), and they have an interconnect tab (26) that provides an electrical pathway to the exterior of the membrane electrode assembly. The interconnect tab is situated to provide electron transfer between the anodes and the cathodes such that the interconnect tab does not traverse the thickness of the polymer electrolyte membrane. When the planar fuel cell is assembled, the interconnect tab is sealed to prevent leaking of fuel or oxidant gases. Fuel is distributed (36) to only one side of the membrane electrode assembly and oxidant is distributed (36) only to the other side.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种平面燃料电池（20），其包括夹在两个集电器组件（21,22）之间的膜电极组件（23）。 膜电极组件是单片聚合物电解质膜，其一侧上具有阳极阵列（27），另一侧上具有相应阴极阵列（28）。 集流器（25）可以由塑料框架（24）支撑，并且它们具有互连突片（26），其提供到膜电极组件的外部的电通路。 互连突片被设置为在阳极和阴极之间提供电子转移，使得互连突片不穿过聚合物电解质膜的厚度。 当组装平面燃料电池时，互连突片被密封以防止燃料或氧化剂气体泄漏。 燃料仅分散（36）到膜电极组件的一侧，并且氧化剂仅分配（36）到另一侧。

    Fuel cell having porous electrodes and method for forming same
    7.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell having porous electrodes and method for forming same 失效
    具有多孔电极的燃料电池及其形成方法

    公开(公告)号：US06926990B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-09

    申请号：US10231828

    申请日：2002-08-29

    申请人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    发明人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    IPC分类号： E01C5/00 ,  H01M20060101 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/886 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1007

    摘要： A fuel cell device has a composite particle electrode (200) formed using particles (210) having a combination of ion conductor material, electron conductor material, and catalyst material. Each composite particle (210) is preferably formed to have a substantially spherical outer layer (480) of ion conductor material (481) with conductive and catalyst particles (482, 484) are dispersed throughout the outer layer (480). An array of composite particles (210) is layered in a substantially structured or ordered manner on a membrane support structure (220) to form the fuel cell electrode. A fuel cell electrode so formed has interstitial gaps between the composite particles that result in a structure permeable to oxygen and other fluids.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池装置具有使用具有离子导体材料，电子导体材料和催化剂材料的组合的粒子（210）形成的复合粒子电极（200）。 每个复合颗粒（210）优选形成为具有离子导体材料（481）的基本上球形的外层（480），其中导电和催化剂颗粒（482,484）分散在整个外层（480）中。 复合颗粒（210）的阵列以基本上结构化或有序的方式层叠在膜支撑结构（220）上以形成燃料电池电极。 如此形成的燃料电池电极在复合颗粒之间具有间隙，导致可渗透氧气和其它流体的结构。

    Method and apparatus for cold temperature operation of fuel cells utilizing hydrides having different heat capacities
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for cold temperature operation of fuel cells utilizing hydrides having different heat capacities 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06586124B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

    申请号：US09817336

    申请日：2001-03-26

    申请人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    发明人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    IPC分类号： H01M804

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04208 ,  H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/04216 ,  H01M8/0432 ,  H01M8/04753

    摘要： An apparatus and method for temperature regulation of a fuel cell using differential heat capacity of the fuel storage media is disclosed. The method of regulating the temperature involves measuring the temperature of one or more fuel cells, comparing the temperature against target values, selecting a control method from a set of available control methods based on the result of comparison and using that control method to initiate and control a regulation cycle, and actuating a flow control means using the selected control method to alter the flow of fuel between one or more fuel storage containers, each containing fuel storage media which exhibit different enthalpies of formation and dissociation. The regulation process starts with measuring temperature (110) of a fuel cell system (100). The measured temperature is then compared (120) to a predetermined set of ideal target values designed to provide peak fuel cell performance. Following the comparison step, a control method (130) is selected from a list of available control methods. The control method has the necessary parameters and logic to define an fuel flow initiation process (140) which in turn actuates a flow control means (150). Actuation of the flow control means changes the temperature of the one or more fuel cells and alters its operating parameters (160).

    Method and apparatus for determining the amount of hydrogen in a vessel
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for determining the amount of hydrogen in a vessel 有权
    用于确定容器中氢的量的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06584825B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

    申请号：US09928607

    申请日：2001-08-13

    申请人： Steven D. Pratt ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Ronald J. Kelley ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    发明人： Steven D. Pratt ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Ronald J. Kelley ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    IPC分类号： G01N1910

    CPC分类号： F17C11/005 ,  C01B3/0005 ,  G01N7/04 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02E60/324

    摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring the quantity of hydrogen in a hydrogen storage vessel of a hydrogen fuel cell using the Pressure, Composition, Temperature (PCT) relationship of the storage media is disclosed. The method of measuring the quantity of hydrogen involves, measuring the temperature 310 of the hydrogen storage media at one or more points on the hydrogen storage vessel 300, measuring the mechanical strain 320 at one or more points on the hydrogen storage vessel, computing the pressure 330 inside the vessel based on the strain measurements, referring to a lookup table 340 or an equation representing the discharge PCT curve for the particular composition of the hydrogen storage media at the measured temperature and computing the hydrogen concentration at the measured pressure. The changes in temperature and pressure during hydrogen absorption-desorption which are characteristic of hydride storage media air is used to measure the hydrogen concentration in the storage vessel and the hydrogen to metal hydride.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用存储介质的压力，组成，温度（PCT）关系测量氢燃料电池的储氢容器中氢的量的装置和方法。 测量氢气量的方法包括：在储氢容器300上的一个或多个点处测量储氢介质的温度310，在储氢容器的一个或多个点测量机械应变320，计算压力 330，根据应变测量，参考查找表340或表示在测量的温度下储氢介质的特定组成的排放PCT曲线的方程，并计算测量压力下的氢浓度。 氢吸收 - 解吸附的温度和压力变化是氢化物储存介质空气的特征，用于测量储存容器中的氢气浓度和金属氢化物的氢浓度。

    Means for measuring the liquid level in a reservoir for a fuel cell
    10.
    发明授权
    Means for measuring the liquid level in a reservoir for a fuel cell 有权
    用于测量用于燃料电池的储存器中的液位的装置

    公开(公告)号：US06869708B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-22

    申请号：US10621199

    申请日：2003-07-16

    申请人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    发明人： Ronald J. Kelley ,  Sivakumar Muthuswamy ,  Steven D. Pratt ,  Robert W. Pennisi

    IPC分类号： G01F1/00 ,  G01F23/00 ,  G01F23/02 ,  G01F23/24 ,  G01F23/26 ,  G01F23/296 ,  G01F23/30 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04425 ,  G01F23/02 ,  G01F23/24 ,  G01F23/26 ,  G01F23/296 ,  G01F23/30 ,  H01M8/0612

    摘要： A small fuel cell (10) powers a portable electronic device (12) and contains a fuel reservoir (14) and a device (16) that measures the amount of liquid fuel (18) that is in the reservoir. The fuel cell operates on hydrogen that is obtained from a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, such as alcohol or other hydrocarbons. The liquid fuel is typically converted into hydrogen by a reforming process. The reservoir that is connected to the fuel cell has an indicia (19) that is readable by a human user of the portable electronic device, for measuring the amount of liquid hydrocarbon fuel that is present in the reservoir. Typically, the indicia consist of a sight glass, a capacitive element, a resistive element, a transparent portion of the reservoir, a float, or an acoustic transmitter coupled with an acoustic receiver.

    摘要翻译： 小型燃料电池（10）为便携式电子设备（12）供电并且包含测量储存器中的液体燃料（18）的量的燃料储存器（14）和装置（16）。 燃料电池对从液态烃燃料例如醇或其它烃获得的氢气进行操作。 液体燃料通常通过重整过程转化为氢。 连接到燃料电池的储存器具有可由便携式电子设备的人类用户读取的用于测量储存器中存在的液体碳氢化合物燃料的量的标记（19）。 通常，标记由视镜，电容元件，电阻元件，储存器的透明部分，浮子或与声学接收器耦合的声发射器组成。