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1.发明申请Bacterial poly(hydroxy alkanoate) polymer and natural fiber composites 审中-公开细菌聚（羟基链烷酸酯）聚合物和天然纤维复合材料公开(公告)号：US20110112257A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-12
申请号：US12930708
申请日：2011-01-14
申请人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C08J5/045 , C08J2367/04 , C12P5/023 , Y02E50/343 , Y10T29/49801 , Y10T428/1362 , Y10T428/1366
摘要： A biocomposite is produced from natural fiber fabrics embedded in a matrix of biosynthetic polyhydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) polymers. The PHA is synthesized using aerobic microbial biosynthesis using mixed bacterial cultures and a feedstock containing anaerobic degradation products such as methane and volatile fatty acids derived from microbial biodegradation of organic waste materials, which may include waste biocomposites. Monomers may be added to the synthesized PHA polymer to control mechanical properties of the resulting biocomposite. The natural fibers and/or PHA may be pretreated using various techniques to improve the bond between the fibers and the PHA resin matrix and water absorption resistance of the fibers. The composite may be a laminate of treated and untreated fabric layers, or differently treated layers, to achieve good in-service performance as well as rapid and/or optimal biogas production when taken out of service and put in an anaerobic environment to degrade.
摘要翻译： 生物复合材料由嵌入生物合成多羟基 - 链烷酸酯（PHA）聚合物基质中的天然纤维织物生产。 使用混合细菌培养物和含有厌氧降解产物的原料合成PHA，所述厌氧降解产物如来自有机废物的微生物降解的甲烷和挥发性脂肪酸，其可包括废物生物复合材料。 可将单体加入到合成的PHA聚合物中以控制所得生物复合材料的机械性能。 可以使用各种技术对天然纤维和/或PHA进行预处理，以改善纤维与PHA树脂基质之间的粘结和纤维的吸水性。 复合材料可以是经处理和未处理的织物层或不同处理的层的层压体，以在停用并放入厌氧环境中降解时实现良好的在役性能以及快速和/或最佳生物气生产。
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公开(公告)号：US07887893B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US12002001
申请日：2007-12-12
申请人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C08J5/045 , C08J2367/04 , C12P5/023 , Y02E50/343 , Y10T29/49801 , Y10T428/1362 , Y10T428/1366
摘要： A biocomposite is produced from natural fiber fabrics embedded in a matrix of biosynthetic polyhydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) polymers. The PHA is synthesized using aerobic microbial biosynthesis using mixed bacterial cultures and a feedstock containing anaerobic degradation products such as methane and volatile fatty acids derived from microbial biodegradation of organic waste materials, which may include waste biocomposites. Monomers may be added to the synthesized PHA polymer to control mechanical properties of the resulting biocomposite. The natural fibers and/or PHA may be pretreated using various techniques to improve the bond between the fibers and the PHA resin matrix and water absorption resistance of the fibers. The composite may be a laminate of treated and untreated fabric layers, or differently treated layers, to achieve good in-service performance as well as rapid and/or optimal biogas production when taken out of service and put in an anaerobic environment to degrade.
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080160567A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-03
申请号：US12002001
申请日：2007-12-12
申请人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C08J5/045 , C08J2367/04 , C12P5/023 , Y02E50/343 , Y10T29/49801 , Y10T428/1362 , Y10T428/1366
摘要： A biocomposite is produced from natural fiber fabrics embedded in a matrix of biosynthetic polyhydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) polymers. The PHA is synthesized using aerobic microbial biosynthesis using mixed bacterial cultures and a feedstock containing anaerobic degradation products such as methane and volatile fatty acids derived from microbial biodegradation of organic waste materials, which may include waste biocomposites. Monomers may be added to the synthesized PHA polymer to control mechanical properties of the resulting biocomposite. The natural fibers and/or PHA may be pretreated using various techniques to improve the bond between the fibers and the PHA resin matrix and water absorption resistance of the fibers. The composite may be a laminate of treated and untreated fabric layers, or differently treated layers, to achieve good in-service performance as well as rapid and/or optimal biogas production when taken out of service and put in an anaerobic environment to degrade.
摘要翻译： 生物复合材料由嵌入生物合成多羟基 - 链烷酸酯（PHA）聚合物基质中的天然纤维织物生产。 使用混合细菌培养物和含有厌氧降解产物的原料合成PHA，所述厌氧降解产物如来自有机废物的微生物降解的甲烷和挥发性脂肪酸，其可包括废物生物复合材料。 可将单体加入到合成的PHA聚合物中以控制所得生物复合材料的机械性能。 可以使用各种技术对天然纤维和/或PHA进行预处理，以改善纤维与PHA树脂基质之间的粘结和纤维的吸水性。 复合材料可以是处理和未处理的织物层或不同处理的层的层压材料，以在停用并放入厌氧环境中降解时实现良好的在役性能以及快速和/或最优化的沼气生产。
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公开(公告)号：US20130071890A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-21
申请号：US13421771
申请日：2012-03-15
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , John R. Hart , Wei-Min Wu , Eric R. Sundstrom , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah L. Billington , Katherine H. Rostkowski , Curtis W. Frank
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , John R. Hart , Wei-Min Wu , Eric R. Sundstrom , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah L. Billington , Katherine H. Rostkowski , Curtis W. Frank
IPC分类号： C12P7/62
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C07D319/12 , C08J11/12 , C08J2367/04 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W30/703
摘要： Methods for producing bioplastics from biogas include techniques for the production of PHB using a dirty biogas (e.g., methane from landfill, digester) as both a power source for the process and as feedstock. Biogas is split into two streams, one for energy to drive the process, another as feedstock. Advantageously, the techniques may be implemented off the power grid with no dependence upon agricultural products for feedstock.
摘要翻译： 用于从沼气生产生物塑料的方法包括使用脏生物气体（例如来自垃圾填埋场，蒸煮器的甲烷）作为工艺的动力源和作为原料生产PHB的技术。 生物气分为两股，一种是用于驱动该过程的能量，另一种是原料。 有利地，这些技术可以从电力网上实施，而不依赖于农产品用于原料。
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公开(公告)号：US20120077254A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-29
申请号：US13200731
申请日：2011-09-29
申请人： Margaret C. Morse , Qi Liao , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank
发明人： Margaret C. Morse , Qi Liao , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank
IPC分类号： C02F3/34
摘要： Semicrystalline bioplastic materials are processed by thermally annealing the bioplastic to increase degree of crystallinity in the bioplastic; and anaerobically biodegrading the thermally annealed bioplastic. The thermal annealing may be performed using a commercial annealing oven. The anaerobic biodegradation may be performed in an anaerobic digester, a landfill, or other suitable environment.
摘要翻译： 通过对生物塑料进行热退火来加工半结晶生物塑料材料以增加生物塑料中的结晶度; 并厌氧生物降解热退火的生物塑料。 热退火可以使用商业退火炉进行。 厌氧生物降解可以在厌氧消化器，填埋场或其它合适的环境中进行。
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6.发明申请Use of hydroxyalkanoic acids as substrates for production of poly-hydroxyalkanoates by methane-oxidizing bacteria 审中-公开使用羟基链烷酸作为生产基于甲烷氧化细菌的聚羟基链烷酸酯的底物公开(公告)号：US20110159556A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-30
申请号：US12928323
申请日：2010-12-08
IPC分类号： C12P7/62
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： A method of biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) is provided that includes providing a type II methanotrophic bacteria, and disposing the type II methanotrophic bacteria in an unbalanced growth condition, where the unbalanced growth condition includes a nutrient-deficient media and a hydroxyalkanoic acid, and where the nutrient-deficient media has an absence of an essential nutrient required for cell replication of the type II methanotrophic bacteria.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种聚羟基链烷酸酯（PHA）的生物合成方法，其包括提供II型甲烷营养细菌，并将II型甲烷营养细菌置于不平衡生长条件下，其中不平衡生长条件包括营养缺乏的培养基和羟基链烷酸，以及 其中营养缺陷培养基不具有II型甲烷营养细菌的细胞复制所需的必需营养物质。
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7.发明授权Use of selection pressures to enable microbial biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from anaerobic degradation products 有权使用选择压力来实现来自厌氧降解产物的聚羟基链烷酸酯的微生物生物合成公开(公告)号：US08030021B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US12456988
申请日：2009-06-24
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , Allison J. Pieja
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C12P5/023 , C12P7/52 , C12P7/54 , Y02E50/343
摘要： A method for inexpensive and efficient PHA biosynthesis includes operating a sequencing bioreactor in alternating phases of nutrient deprivation and carbon feedstock deprivation to select for robust PHA-producing microbes. Preferably, the bioreactor is operated in a non-sterile manner with mixed cultures of methanotrophs. The method also preferably uses periodic biomass-wasting (PHA harvesting) at the end of the carbon feed phase, gradually lengthening the time period of carbon deprivation phase to create a penalty for rapid PHA degradation and incentive for PHA accumulation. Also, bacterial enrichment cultures may be introduced periodically. The PHA-accumulating bacteria are preferably grown on common anaerobic degradation products, specifically volatile fatty acids, such as acetate and propionate, and methane gas. The PHA has useful applications in bioplastics and other products.
摘要翻译： 廉价和有效的PHA生物合成的方法包括在营养物剥夺和碳原料剥夺的交替阶段中操作测序生物反应器，以选择用于稳定的产生PHA的微生物。 优选地，生物反应器以非灭菌方式与甲烷嗜甲基菌的混合培养物一起操作。 该方法还优选在碳进料阶段结束时使用周期性生物质消耗（PHA收获），逐渐延长碳剥夺阶段的时间段，以造成快速PHA降解的惩罚和对PHA积累的激励。 此外，可以定期引入细菌富集培养物。 PHA累积细菌优选在常见的厌氧降解产物上生长，特别是挥发性脂肪酸，例如乙酸盐和丙酸盐，以及甲烷气体。 PHA在生物塑料和其他产品中具有有用的应用。
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8.发明申请Use of selection pressures to enable microbial biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from anaerobic degradation products 有权使用选择压力来实现来自厌氧降解产物的聚羟基链烷酸酯的微生物生物合成公开(公告)号：US20090317879A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-24
申请号：US12456988
申请日：2009-06-24
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , Allison J. Pieja
IPC分类号： C12P7/62
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C12P5/023 , C12P7/52 , C12P7/54 , Y02E50/343
摘要： A method for inexpensive and efficient PHA biosynthesis includes operating a sequencing bioreactor in alternating phases of nutrient deprivation and carbon feedstock deprivation to select for robust PHA-producing microbes. Preferably, the bioreactor is operated in a non-sterile manner with mixed cultures of methanotrophs. The method also preferably uses periodic biomass-wasting (PHA harvesting) at the end of the carbon feed phase, gradually lengthening the time period of carbon deprivation phase to create a penalty for rapid PHA degradation and incentive for PHA accumulation. Also, bacterial enrichment cultures may be introduced periodically. The PHA-accumulating bacteria are preferably grown on common anaerobic degradation products, specifically volatile fatty acids, such as acetate and propionate, and methane gas. The PHA has useful applications in bioplastics and other products.
摘要翻译： 廉价和有效的PHA生物合成的方法包括在营养物剥夺和碳原料剥夺的交替阶段中操作测序生物反应器，以选择用于稳定的产生PHA的微生物。 优选地，生物反应器以非灭菌方式与甲烷嗜甲基菌的混合培养物一起操作。 该方法还优选在碳进料阶段结束时使用周期性生物质消耗（PHA收获），逐渐延长碳剥夺阶段的时间段，以造成快速PHA降解的惩罚和对PHA积累的激励。 此外，可以定期引入细菌富集培养物。 PHA累积细菌优选在常见的厌氧降解产物上生长，特别是挥发性脂肪酸，例如乙酸盐和丙酸盐，以及甲烷气体。 PHA在生物塑料和其他产品中具有有用的应用。
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公开(公告)号：US09062340B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-23
申请号：US13590603
申请日：2012-08-21
CPC分类号： C12Q1/04
摘要： A method of selection for type II methanotrophs is provided that includes enriching a microbial feedstock using a non-sterile bioreactor with a methane source and a nitrogen source, where the microbial feedstock includes a mixture of Type I and Type II methanotrophic cells, where an inhibited growth of the Type I methanotrophic cells and an enhanced growth of the Type II methanotrophic cells forms. The method further includes exposing intermittently the enriched microbial feedstock to i) nitrate, ii) urea, or i) and ii), where enhanced growth of the Type II methanotrophs is established, and exposing the Type II methanotrophs to an unbalanced growth condition where production of polyhydroxybutyrate is induced.
摘要翻译： 提供了选择II型甲烷培养物的方法，其包括使用具有甲烷源和氮源的非无菌生物反应器富集微生物原料，其中微生物原料包括I型和II型甲烷营养细胞的混合物，其中被抑制 I型甲烷营养细胞的生长和II型甲烷营养细胞增殖的形成。 该方法还包括间歇地将富集的微生物原料暴露于i）硝酸盐，ii）尿素，或i）和ii），其中建立了II型甲烷营养物的增强生长，并将II型甲烷营养物暴露于不平衡的生长条件，其中生产 的多羟基丁酸酯被诱导。
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10.发明申请High Solids Fermentation for Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates From Gas Substrates 审中-公开用于从气体底物合成聚羟基链烷酸酯的高固体发酵公开(公告)号：US20120028321A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-02
申请号：US12901343
申请日：2010-10-08
IPC分类号： C12P7/42
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is performed by delivering substrates such as methane in gas phase during a high solids fermentation. Microorganisms are grown under balanced conditions, then gas phase substrates are delivered under unbalanced conditions to produce PHA granules inside the cells. The cells containing these granules are lysed and the bioplastic powder recovered. The balanced phase growth may occur in submerged liquid cultures or attached as biofilms to a surface.
摘要翻译： 聚羟基链烷酸酯（PHA）的生产通过在高固体发酵过程中以气相递送诸如甲烷的基质来进行。 微生物在平衡条件下生长，然后气相底物在不平衡条件下输送以在细胞内产生PHA颗粒。 将含有这些颗粒的细胞裂解并回收生物塑料粉末。 平衡相生长可能发生在浸没液体培养物中或作为生物膜附着到表面。
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