公开(公告)号：US5619109A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-08

申请号：US477458

申请日：1995-06-07

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron ,  Karl M. Schlager

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron ,  Karl M. Schlager

IPC: H02P6/18 ,  H02P6/24 ,  H02P3/10

CPC classification number: H02P6/24

Abstract: A method and circuit for braking a forward rotation of a rotor of a polyphase DC motor. A commutation sequencer is incremented by several phases to produce an incremented commutation sequence to produce a magnetic flux vector that lags a magnetic pole of the motor. Driving currents are applied to coils of the motor in accordance with the incremented commutation sequence to brake the rotor. The method is implemented in a circuit that has a sequencer for incrementally generating sets of commutation signals to select stator coils for energization to rotate the rotor. A power stage to which the commutation signals are applied energizes the selected coils in accordance with the commutation signals. A circuit interrupts the energization of the selected coils and the commutation sequence is altered to produce a sequence that produces a negative torque on the rotor. Circuits are also provided to inhibit application of the altered commutation sequence until recirculation currents in the power stage caused by the coils in response to the reduction of the input voltage have fallen below a predetermined level, and to inhibit application of the altered commutation sequence until a voltage on a sense resistor between the power stage and a reference potential has fallen below a predetermined level after an operation of the circuit for interrupting the energization of the selected coils.

Abstract translation: 一种用于制动多相直流电动机的转子正转的方法和电路。 换向序列发生器增加多个相位以产生递增的换向序列，以产生滞后于电机的磁极的磁通矢量。 根据递增的换向顺序将驱动电流施加到电动机的线圈以制动转子。 该方法在具有用于增量地产生换向信号组的定序器的电路中实现，以选择用于激励转子的定子线圈。 施加换向信号的功率级根据换向信号激励所选择的线圈。 A电路中断所选择的线圈的通电，改变换向序列以产生在转子上产生负转矩的序列。 还提供电路以阻止改变的换向序列的应用，直到响应于输入电压的降低而由线圈引起的再循环电流已经降低到预定水平以下并且阻止改变的换向序列的应用直到 功率级与参考电位之间的检测电阻上的电压在用于中断所选择的线圈的通电的电路的操作之后已经下降到预定水平以下。

公开(公告)号：US5451832A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-19

申请号：US85762

申请日：1993-07-01

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron ,  Karl M. Schlager

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron ,  Karl M. Schlager

IPC: H02P6/18 ,  H02P6/24 ,  H02P3/10

CPC classification number: H02P6/24

Abstract: A method and circuit for braking a forward rotation of a rotor of a polyphase DC motor. A commutation sequencer is incremented by several phases to produce an incremented commutation sequence to produce a magnetic flux vector that lags a magnetic pole of the motor. Driving currents are applied to coils of the motor in accordance with the incremented commutation sequence to brake the rotor. The method is implemented in a circuit that has a sequencer for incrementally generating sets of commutation signals to select stator coils for energization to rotate the rotor. A power stage to which the commutation signals are applied energizes the selected coils in accordance with the commutation signals. A circuit interrupts the energization of the selected coils and the commutation sequence is altered to produce a sequence that produces a negative torque on the rotor. Circuits are also provided to inhibit application of the altered commutation sequence until recirculation currents in the power stage caused by the coils in response to the reduction of the input voltage have fallen below a predetermined level, and to inhibit application of the altered commutation sequence until a voltage on a sense resistor between the power stage and a reference potential has fallen below a predetermined level after an operation of the circuit for interrupting the energization of the selected coils.

Abstract translation: 一种用于制动多相直流电动机转子正转的方法和电路。 换向序列发生器增加多个相位以产生递增的换向序列，以产生滞后于电机的磁极的磁通矢量。 根据递增的换向顺序将驱动电流施加到电动机的线圈以制动转子。 该方法在具有用于增量地产生换向信号组的定序器的电路中实现，以选择用于激励转子的定子线圈。 施加换向信号的功率级根据换向信号激励所选择的线圈。 A电路中断所选择的线圈的通电，改变换向序列以产生在转子上产生负转矩的序列。 还提供电路以阻止改变的换向序列的应用，直到响应于输入电压的降低而由线圈引起的再循环电流已经降低到预定水平以下并且阻止改变的换向序列的应用直到 功率级与参考电位之间的检测电阻上的电压在用于中断所选择的线圈的通电的电路的操作之后已经下降到预定水平以下。

公开(公告)号：US5546030A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-13

申请号：US366793

申请日：1994-12-30

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: G11B5/09 ,  G11B5/00 ,  G11B5/012 ,  G11B5/02 ,  H03F3/45 ,  H03K17/66 ,  H03K3/00 ,  G06G7/12 ,  H03L5/00

CPC classification number: G11B5/022 ,  G11B5/012 ,  G11B5/02 ,  H03K17/662 ,  G11B2005/0013 ,  G11B2005/0016

Abstract: An innovative circuit for driving the write head. All of the driving transistors are NPN, and are prevented from saturation. This is achieved by shifting and scaling down the differential drive applied to the pull-up transistors, to drive the pull-down transistors with levels such that the pull-down transistors cannot reach saturation. This provides a very simple circuit in which all four of the drive transistors are NPN, and all are kept out of saturation. Moreover, the peak write current applied to the head is precisely limited.

Abstract translation: 用于驱动写入头的创新电路。 所有的驱动晶体管均为NPN，防止饱和。 这是通过移位和缩小施加到上拉晶体管的差分驱动来实现的，以便使下拉晶体管不能达到饱和的水平驱动下拉晶体管。 这提供了一个非常简单的电路，其中所有四个驱动晶体管都是NPN，并且全部都保持不饱和。 此外，施加到头部的峰值写入电流被精确地限制。

公开(公告)号：US5317243A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US923237

申请日：1992-07-31

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: H02P6/12 ,  H02P6/18 ,  H02P5/06

CPC classification number: H02P6/182 ,  H02P6/12

Abstract: A circuit and method for operating a polyphase dc motor of the type having a plurality of driving coils that are commutatively energized in a predetermined sequence to rotate a rotor has a zero crossing detector connected to determine when a back emf of a floating driving coil crosses zero. A generator for generating commutation sequence signals controls which of said driving coils are energized a delayed time after said zero crossing detector detects that a back emf of a floating driving coil has crossed zero. A mask circuit inhibits said zero crossing detector for a delayed time after a commutation change, in dependence upon an acceleration of the rotor. Also, a circuit is provided for adjusting the commutation delay time after a back emf of a floating one of said coils crosses zero, in dependence upon the acceleration of the rotor.

Abstract translation: 用于操作具有多个驱动线圈的多相直流电动机的电路和方法，所述多相直流电动机以预定顺序换向通电以旋转转子，具有连接的过零检测器，以确定浮动驱动线圈的反电动势何时超过零 。 用于产生换向序列信号的发生器控制在所述过零点检测器检测到浮动驱动线圈的反电动势已经超过零之后的延迟时间中激励所述驱动线圈中的哪一个。 屏蔽电路根据转子的加速度在换向改变之后抑制所述过零检测器的延迟时间。 而且，提供电路，用于根据转子的加速度，在所述线圈中的一个浮动的一个的后电动势与零相交之后调节换向延迟时间。

公开(公告)号：US5572097A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US275645

申请日：1994-07-15

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: H02P6/12 ,  H02P6/18 ,  H02K23/00

CPC classification number: H02P6/182 ,  H02P6/12

Abstract: In a method for aligning a rotor of a polyphase dc motor in preparation for starting the motor. a first energization signal is applied to field coils of the motor in a first predetermined phase for a first predetermined time. Then, a second energization signal having a second predetermined phase displaced from the first phase by a predetermined amount is applied to the field coils for a second predetermined time period. In one embodiment, the second energization signal is applied to produce a maximum torque upon the rotor when the rotor is positioned at a location determined by the first energization signal. In the case of a three phase motor, the second energization signal is displaced by two commutations from the first energization signal. Circuitry for aligning a rotor of a polyphase dc motor in preparation for startup is also presented having circuitry for applying a first signal to selected field coils of the polyphase dc motor having a first commutative phase for a first predetermined time, and circuitry for applying a second signal to other selected field coils of the polyphase dc motor having a second commutative phase for a second predetermined time.

Abstract translation: 在用于对准多相直流电动机的转子以准备起动电动机的方法中。 第一通电信号以第一预定相位施加到电动机的励磁线圈第一预定时间。 然后，将具有从第一相位移位预定量的第二预定相位的第二通电信号施加到励磁线圈第二预定时间段。 在一个实施例中，当转子位于由第一通电信号确定的位置时，施加第二通电信号以在转子上产生最大转矩。 在三相电动机的情况下，第二通电信号从第一通电信号移位两个换向。 还提出了用于对准用于启动的多相直流电动机的转子的电路，其具有用于将第一信号施加到具有第一预定时间的第一交换相位的多相直流电动机的选定励磁线圈的电路，以及用于施加第二 信号到多相直流电动机的其它选定的励磁线圈，具有第二预定时间的第二交换相位。

公开(公告)号：US5517095A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

申请号：US395646

申请日：1995-02-28

Applicant: Francesco Carobolante ,  Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Francesco Carobolante ,  Scott W. Cameron

IPC: H02P6/12 ,  H02P6/18

CPC classification number: H02P6/12 ,  H02P6/182

Abstract: A method and circuit for operating a polyphase dc motor having a plurality of driving coils is presented. In one of the available operating modes, drive current supplied to the driving coils is chopped, in PWM fashion to control the maximum current delivered thereto by turning the drive current on and off. Zero crossings of a back emf voltage of the driving coils that are connected into a floating state are detected for producing a commutation signal, and the detection of zero crossings is inhibited for a predetermined time after the drive current is turned off during the chopping step to avoid detecting a false zero crossing. In normal operation, detected back emf sampled voltages are forwarded to back emf detection circuitry responsive to a high frequency clock.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种用于操作具有多个驱动线圈的多相直流电动机的方法和电路。 在可用的操作模式之一中，驱动线圈的驱动电流以PWM的方式被切断，以通过打开和关闭驱动电流来控制传递到其的最大电流。 检测连接到浮置状态的驱动线圈的反电动势电压的零交叉以产生换向信号，并且在切断步骤中驱动电流关断之后的预定时间内禁止过零点检测到 避免检测到虚假的过零点。 在正常操作中，响应于高频时钟，检测到的反电动势采样电压被转发到反电动势检测电路。

公开(公告)号：US5294877A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-15

申请号：US876871

申请日：1992-04-30

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: H02P6/12 ,  H02P6/18 ,  H02P5/28

CPC classification number: H02P6/12 ,  H02P6/182

Abstract: A circuit for operating a polyphase dc motor includes first circuitry for determining when the back emf of the floating driving coils crosses zero. A first counter counts a time period between a first set of zero crossings, and a second counter is loaded with the count reached by the first counter. The second counter counts a time period between a subsequently occurring set of zero crossings. If the second counter reaches zero before the occurrence of a third zero crossing, a warning signal is generated. A method for determining if a deceleration rate of a polyphase dc motor exceeds a predetermined threshold includes measuring a first period between a first set of zero crossings of the back emf of the floating driving coils, and comparing the measurement of the first period with a subsequent period between a subsequent set of zero crossings. If the subsequent period is larger than the first period by a predetermined amount a warning signal is produced. The first period is measured by counting up from zero at a first predetermined rate from a first zero crossing until a second zero crossing occurs. The comparison of the measurement of the first period with a subsequent period is done by counting down at a second predetermined rate from the count reached in the up count when the second zero crossing occurred. And the warning signal is produced if the down count reaches a zero before a third zero crossing occurs.

Abstract translation: 用于操作多相直流电动机的电路包括用于确定浮动驱动线圈的反电动势何时超过零的第一电路。 第一计数器计数第一组零交叉之间的时间段，并且第二计数器加载由第一计数器达到的计数。 第二计数器计数随后发生的一组零交叉之间的时间段。 如果在发生第三个过零点之前第二个计数器达到零，则产生警告信号。 一种用于确定多相直流电动机的减速度是否超过预定阈值的方法包括：测量浮动驱动线圈的背面电动势的第一组零交叉之间的第一周期，以及将第一周期的测量与随后的 在后一组零交叉之间的时间段。 如果随后的周期大于第一周期预定量，则产生警告信号。 通过以第一预定速率从零开始从第一过零点向上计数直到发生第二零交叉来测量第一周期。 当第二个零交叉发生时，通过以递增计数中达到的计数以第二预定速率向下计数来进行第一周期与后续周期的测量的比较。 如果在发生第三个零交叉之前下降计数达到零，则产生警告信号。

公开(公告)号：US5455885A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-03

申请号：US387386

申请日：1995-02-13

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: H02P6/18 ,  H02P6/08 ,  H02P6/20 ,  H02P7/285

CPC classification number: H02P6/085 ,  H02P6/21

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating a polyphase dc motor selectively in dual-coil or uni-coil commutation modes. The motor has a plurality of "Y" connected driving coils connected together at a center tap. Each driving coil has an input node at an end opposite the center tap, and is driven by a switch pair. Each switch pair is arranged for connection in series across a power supply voltage, and has a node between each switch connected to a respective one of the coil input nodes. An additional pair of switches are provided for connection in series across the power supply with a connection node between each switch connected to the center tap. A circuit is provided to operate the switches to cause a driving current to be passed between sequentially selected pairs of the driving coils for an initial start-up time. Also, a circuit to operate the switches after the initial start-up time is provided to cause a driving current to be passed between sequentially selected only single ones of the driving coils and the center tap current input node. The apparatus also has a circuit for detecting a zero crossing of a bemf signal of a floating one of the driving coils and a delay circuit for establishing a delay between a zero crossing and a commutation of driving signals to the coils. A circuit operates the delay circuit to provide a first predetermined delay in dual-coil mode and a second predetermined delay in uni-coil mode.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在双线圈或单线圈换向模式中选择性地操作多相直流电动机的方法和装置。 马达具有在中心抽头连接在一起的多个“Y”连接的驱动线圈。 每个驱动线圈在与中心抽头相对的端部处具有输入节点，并且由开关对驱动。 每个开关对布置成用于跨电源电压串联连接，并且在每个开关连接到相应的一个线圈输入节点之间具有节点。 提供了一对额外的开关，用于跨电源串联连接，每个开关连接到中心抽头。 提供电路来操作开关以使驱动电流在顺序选择的驱动线圈对之间通过以用于初始启动时间。 此外，提供在初始启动时间之后操作开关的电路，以使驱动电流在顺序选择的单个驱动线圈和中心抽头电流输入节点之间通过。 该装置还具有用于检测驱动线圈中的浮动驱动线圈的bemf信号的零交叉的电路和用于建立零交叉和对线圈的驱动信号的换向之间的延迟的延迟电路。 电路操作延迟电路以在双线圈模式中提供第一预定延迟和单线圈模式中的第二预定延迟。

公开(公告)号：US5309078A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-03

申请号：US728597

申请日：1991-07-11

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: H02M7/5387 ,  H02P6/08 ,  H02P27/06 ,  H02P27/08 ,  H02P5/40

CPC classification number: H02P27/08 ,  H02M7/53875

Abstract: Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques, often used to reduce the power dissipation in polyphase motors, chop the current in the coils of the motor at their peak current levels, to achieve maximum torque, to allow rapid accelerations, and to reduce the power dissipated in the chip to a level proportional to the duty cycle. During the time the current is switched off, the current which has been established in the coils of the motor is allowed to be dissipated. Accordingly, when the switching transistors of the active coils are turned off during PWM mode chopping, a non-rectifying ground return path is provided for flyback energy in the active driving coil. This non-rectifying ground return path is provided by switching transistors in parallel with flyback diodes, operated in a form of synchronous rectification. This gives an alternate current path for the coil current to reduce the voltage drop across the diodes, and thereby reduce the power dissipation and heat in the chip.

Abstract translation: 脉冲宽度调制（PWM）技术，通常用于降低多相电机的功耗，以其峰值电流水平切断电机线圈中的电流，实现最大扭矩，允许快速加速，并降低功耗 在芯片中达到与占空比成正比的水平。 在电流关闭的时间内，已经建立在马达的线圈中的电流被允许消散。 因此，当在PWM模式斩波期间有源线圈的开关晶体管截止时，为有源驱动线圈中的回扫能量提供非整流接地返回路径。 这种非整流接地返回路径由与同步整流形式的反激二极管并联的开关晶体管提供。 这为线圈电流提供了一个交替电流路径，以减少二极管上的电压降，从而降低芯片中的功耗和热量。

公开(公告)号：US6094026A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-25

申请号：US191060

申请日：1994-02-02

Applicant: Scott W. Cameron

Inventor： Scott W. Cameron

IPC: G08B21/00 ,  H02H5/04 ,  H02H7/08 ,  H02H7/085 ,  H02P6/00 ,  H02P6/08 ,  H02P6/12 ,  H02P1/04

CPC classification number: H02H7/0833 ,  H02P6/085 ,  H02P6/34 ,  H02H5/044 ,  H02H7/0858

Abstract: A method and integrated circuit for providing drive signals to a polyphase dc motor. The integrated circuit is fabricated on a semiconductor substrate for providing drive signals to a polyphase dc motor. The circuit includes a coil drive circuit for connection to drive coils of the motor to selectively supply drive currents thereto in a predetermined sequence. A sequencer circuit commutatively selects the drive coils to which the drive currents are selectively supplied, and a motor, speed controlling circuit controls the speed of the motor by controlling the speed of commutation. A temperature sensing element, such as a diode, is fabricated in the substrate to indicate the temperature of the substrate, and a temperature measuring circuit is connected to the temperature sensing element and to the motor speed controlling circuit to operate the motor speed controlling circuit to slow the speed of the motor when the temperature of the substrate exceeds a first predetermined temperature. If desired, temperature measuring circuit can include a circuit for measuring a second temperature higher than the first predetermined temperature to operate a shut down circuit to turn off the motor if the substrate temperature is too high.

Abstract translation: 一种用于向多相直流电动机提供驱动信号的方法和集成电路。 集成电路制造在半导体衬底上，用于向多相直流电动机提供驱动信号。 该电路包括用于连接到电动机的驱动线圈的线圈驱动电路，以预定的顺序选择性地提供驱动电流。 定序器电路对选择性地提供驱动电流的驱动线圈进行换相选择，电动机，速度控制电路通过控制换向速度来控制电动机的转速。 在衬底中制造诸如二极管的温度感测元件以指示衬底的温度，并且温度测量电路连接到温度感测元件和电动机速度控制电路，以将电动机速度控制电路操作为 当基板的温度超过第一预定温度时，减慢马达的速度。 如果需要，温度测量电路可以包括用于测量高于第一预定温度的第二温度的电路，以便如果衬底温度太高，则操作关闭电路以关闭电动机。