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公开(公告)号：US4598369A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US490457
申请日：1983-05-02
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/612
摘要： Tomographic images are obtained at a plane of interest by taking a series of x-ray exposures, producing a series of multiple images therefrom, arranging these multiple images so that points residing within a desired plane of interest are coincident to form a first order clarified image, repeating the step for a predetermined number of other planes which are parallel to the first plane of interest, to produce a first order clarified image for each of these planes, and then producing a smeared image for each of such planes, except one, by replicating the first order image for said plane a predetermined number of times and shifting each of the replicated images in the plane as a function of the distance between that particular plane and the x-ray source, the distance between that particular plane and the x-ray image device, the same distances but taken relative to a plane of interest, and the distance moved between exposures by the x-ray source. This smeared image for each particular plane is then multiplied by a coefficient and subtracted from the first order image of the plane of interest to form a second order clarified image of the plane of interest.
摘要翻译： 通过进行一系列x射线曝光，从其产生一系列多个图像，排列这些多个图像，使位于期望的感兴趣平面内的点一致以形成一阶澄清图像，在感兴趣的平面上获得层析图像 对于平行于所述第一感兴趣平面的预定数量的其它平面重复所述步骤，以产生用于这些平面中的每一个的一阶澄清图像，然后除了一个之外，通过 将所述平面的一阶图像复制预定次数，并且根据该特定平面和x射线源之间的距离将平面中的复制图像中的每一个移动，该特定平面与x射线源之间的距离， 射线图像装置，相对于感兴趣的平面相同的距离，并且由X射线源在曝光之间移动的距离。 然后将每个特定平面的该模糊图像乘以系数并从感兴趣平面的一阶图像中减去以形成感兴趣平面的二阶澄清图像。
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公开(公告)号：US20120057428A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-08
申请号：US13279110
申请日：2011-10-21
申请人： Donald F. Specht , Kenneth D. Brewer , David M. Smith , Sharon L. Adam , John P. Lunsford , David J. Specht
发明人： Donald F. Specht , Kenneth D. Brewer , David M. Smith , Sharon L. Adam , John P. Lunsford , David J. Specht
IPC分类号： G01N29/30
CPC分类号： A61B8/587 , A61B8/00 , A61B8/4218 , A61B8/4254 , A61B8/4444 , A61B8/4477 , A61B8/4483 , G01S7/5205 , G01S15/8913 , G01S15/8915
摘要： A method of calibrating an ultrasound probe includes mounting an ultrasound probe onto a calibration system, transmitting an ultrasound test signal from an element of the probe through a test medium of the calibration system, and receiving the test signal on a matrix of hydrophones such that an element's position relative to other elements and other arrays within the same probe can be computed. Further, the system described herein is configured to detect the acoustic performance of elements of a probe and report the results to an end user or service provider.
摘要翻译： 一种校准超声波探头的方法包括将超声波探针安装到校准系统上，从探测元件通过校准系统的测试介质传输超声测试信号，并将测试信号接收在水听器的矩阵上，使得 可以计算相对于其他元件和相同探针中的其他阵列的元素的位置。 此外，本文描述的系统被配置为检测探针的元件的声学性能并将结果报告给最终用户或服务提供商。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08105239B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-31
申请号：US11532013
申请日：2006-09-14
申请人： Donald F. Specht
发明人： Donald F. Specht
IPC分类号： A61B8/14
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , A61B5/02007 , A61B5/7257 , A61B5/7264 , A61B8/06 , A61B8/08 , A61B8/0883 , A61B8/0891 , A61B8/4254 , A61B8/483 , A61B8/543 , G06T2207/10136 , G06T2207/20092 , G06T2207/30048 , G06T2207/30101
摘要： A non-invasive screening technique for visualizing coronary arteries which overcomes the problems of visualizing the curved arteries by projecting the three dimensional volume of the arteries onto a two dimensional screen. Blood filled areas such as the coronary arteries and veins, are highlighted to contrast with other nearby tissues using non-linear classification and segmentation techniques. Data is gathered as a sequence of 2D slices stored as a 3D volume. Software interpolates voxels intermediate to the slices. Wiener filtering or LMS spatial filtering can be implemented on each 2D scan to improve lateral resolution and reduce noise prior to the use of the scan data with the classification and segmentation algorithms. A traditional handheld ultrasound probe is employed to enable the technician to locate the area of interest, but a gyroscopic stabilizer is added to minimize unwanted variation on two axes of rotation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于可视化冠状动脉的非侵入性筛查技术，其通过将三维体积的动脉投影到二维屏幕上来克服可视化弯曲动脉的问题。 使用非线性分类和分割技术突出显示血液填充区域，例如冠状动脉和静脉，与其他附近组织对比。 数据被收集为作为3D体积存储的2D片段的序列。 软件插入片段中间的体素。 维纳滤波或LMS空间滤波可以在每个2D扫描上实现，以便在使用分类和分割算法的扫描数据之前提高横向分辨率并降低噪点。 采用传统的手持式超声波探头来使技术人员能够定位感兴趣的区域，但是添加陀螺稳定器以最小化两个旋转轴上的不必要的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US20100262013A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：US12760375
申请日：2010-04-14
IPC分类号： A61B8/14
CPC分类号： A61B8/4218 , A61B8/00 , A61B8/12 , A61B8/145 , A61B8/4254 , A61B8/4444 , A61B8/445 , A61B8/4455 , A61B8/4477 , A61B8/4488 , A61B8/4494 , A61B8/54 , G01S15/003 , G01S15/8929
摘要： A Multiple Aperture Ultrasound Imaging (MAUI) probe or transducer is uniquely capable of simultaneous imaging of a region of interest from separate physical apertures. Construction of probes can vary by medical application. That is, a general radiology probe can contain multiple transducers that maintain separate physical points of contact with the patient's skin, allowing multiple physical apertures. A cardiac probe may contain only two transmitters and receivers where the probe fits simultaneously between two or more intracostal spaces. An intracavity version of the probe can space transmit and receive transducers along the length of the wand, while an intravenous version can allow transducers to be located on the distal length the catheter and separated by mere millimeters. Algorithms can solve for variations in tissue speed of sound, thus allowing the probe apparatus to be used virtually anywhere in or on the body.
摘要翻译： 多孔超声成像（MAUI）探针或换能器独特地能够从单独的物理孔径同时成像感兴趣区域。 探针的构建因医疗应用而异。 也就是说，一般放射学探针可以包含多个换能器，其保持与患者皮肤分开的物理接触点，允许多个物理孔径。 心脏探针可以仅包含两个发射器和接收器，其中探针同时在两个或更多个腔内空间之间配合。 探针的腔内版本可以沿着棒的长度放置发射和接收换能器，而静脉内的形式可以使换能器位于导管的远端长度上并且分开仅仅毫米。 算法可以解决声音组织速度的变化，从而允许探针设备实际上用于身体内部或身体的任何位置。
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公开(公告)号：US06606614B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US09648302
申请日：2000-08-24
申请人： Guy Paillet , Donald F. Specht
发明人： Guy Paillet , Donald F. Specht
IPC分类号： G06F1500
CPC分类号： G06N3/063
摘要： A neural network integrated circuit comprises many neuron circuits each with a distance resister that is compared in a competition for the closest-hit with all the other neurons. Such closest-hit comparison is conducted bit-by-bit over the many bit positions of a distance measure in binary format each time after the neurons fire. A single-wire AND-bus interconnects every neuron in a whole system. Each neuron drives the single-wire AND-bus with an open-collector buffer. All neurons press the single-wire AND-bus with their respective distance measures in successive cycles, starting with the most significant bit. For example, a fourteen-bit binary distance word requires fourteen comparison cycles. Any neuron that sees a “0” on the single-wire AND-bus when its own corresponding bit in its distance measure is a “1”, automatically drops from the competition. By the time the least significant bit cycle is run, a single closest distance will have been determined. Such neuron that wins announces itself with an identifying code.
摘要翻译： 神经网络集成电路包括许多神经元电路，每个具有距离电阻的神经元电路在与所有其他神经元的最接近的命中的竞争中进行比较。 在神经元发射之后，这种最接近的比较是在二进制格式的距离测量的许多位位置上逐位进行的。 单线AND总线将整个系统中的每个神经元互连。 每个神经元都使用集电极开路缓冲器驱动单线AND总线。 所有神经元在连续周期内按照单线AND总线按照相应的距离测量，从最高有效位开始。 例如，十四位二进制距离字需要十四个比较周期。 任何在单线AND总线上看到“0”的神经元当其距离测量中自己的相应位为“1”时，自动从竞争中掉落。 在运行最低有效位周期的时候，将确定单个最近的距离。 获胜的这样的神经元用识别码宣布自己。
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公开(公告)号：US09788813B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-17
申请号：US13272098
申请日：2011-10-12
CPC分类号： A61B8/12 , A61B8/4477 , A61B8/4483 , G01S7/52047 , G01S7/52079 , G01S15/8915 , G01S15/8927 , G10K11/004
摘要： A Multiple Aperture Ultrasound Imaging (MAUI) probe or transducer is uniquely capable of simultaneous imaging of a region of interest from separate physical apertures of ultrasound arrays. The probe can include separate backing plates configured to secure the ultrasound arrays in predetermined positions and orientations relative to one another. Some embodiments of the probe include flex circuit connected to the ultrasound arrays. In additional embodiments, a flex/PC board comprising flex connectors and an array of terminals is connected to the ultrasound arrays. Algorithms can solve for variations in tissue speed of sound, thus allowing the probe apparatus to be used virtually anywhere in or on the body.
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09582876B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-28
申请号：US13333611
申请日：2011-12-21
申请人： Donald F. Specht
发明人： Donald F. Specht
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , A61B5/02007 , A61B5/7257 , A61B5/7264 , A61B8/06 , A61B8/08 , A61B8/0883 , A61B8/0891 , A61B8/4254 , A61B8/483 , A61B8/543 , G06T2207/10136 , G06T2207/20092 , G06T2207/30048 , G06T2207/30101
摘要： A non-invasive screening technique for visualizing coronary arteries which overcomes the problems of visualizing the curved arteries by projecting the three dimensional volume of the arteries onto a two dimensional screen. Blood-filled areas such as the coronary arteries and veins, are highlighted to contrast with other nearby tissues using non-linear classification and segmentation techniques. Data is gathered as a sequence of 2D slices stored as a 3D volume. Software interpolates voxels intermediate to the slices. Wiener filtering or LMS spatial filtering can be implemented on each 2D scan to improve lateral resolution and reduce noise prior to the use of the scan data with the classification and segmentation algorithms. A traditional handheld ultrasound probe is employed to enable the technician to locate the area of interest, but a gyroscopic stabilizer is added to minimize unwanted variation on two axes of rotation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于可视化冠状动脉的非侵入性筛查技术，其通过将三维体积的动脉投影到二维屏幕上来克服可视化弯曲动脉的问题。 使用非线性分类和分割技术突出显示血液填充区域，例如冠状动脉和静脉，与其他附近组织对比。 数据被收集为作为3D体积存储的2D片段的序列。 软件插入片段中间的体素。 维纳滤波或LMS空间滤波可以在每个2D扫描上实现，以便在使用分类和分割算法的扫描数据之前提高横向分辨率并降低噪点。 采用传统的手持式超声波探头来使技术人员能够定位感兴趣的区域，但是添加陀螺稳定器以最小化两个旋转轴上的不必要的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US20120095347A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-19
申请号：US13272098
申请日：2011-10-12
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： A61B8/12 , A61B8/4477 , A61B8/4483 , G01S7/52047 , G01S7/52079 , G01S15/8915 , G01S15/8927 , G10K11/004
摘要： A Multiple Aperture Ultrasound Imaging (MAUI) probe or transducer is uniquely capable of simultaneous imaging of a region of interest from separate physical apertures of ultrasound arrays. The probe can include separate backing plates configured to secure the ultrasound arrays in predetermined positions and orientations relative to one another. Some embodiments of the probe include flex circuit connected to the ultrasound arrays. In additional embodiments, a flex/PC board comprising flex connectors and an array of terminals is connected to the ultrasound arrays. Algorithms can solve for variations in tissue speed of sound, thus allowing the probe apparatus to be used virtually anywhere in or on the body.
摘要翻译： 多孔超声成像（MAUI）探头或换能器独特地能够同时从超声阵列的物理孔径成像感兴趣的区域。 探针可以包括被配置为将超声阵列固定在相对于彼此的预定位置和取向的单独背板。 探针的一些实施例包括连接到超声阵列的柔性电路。 在另外的实施例中，包括柔性连接器和端子阵列的柔性/ PC板连接到超声阵列。 算法可以解决声音组织速度的变化，从而允许探针设备实际上用于身体内部或身体的任何位置。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08007439B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-30
申请号：US11865501
申请日：2007-10-01
申请人： Donald F. Specht
发明人： Donald F. Specht
IPC分类号： A61B8/14
CPC分类号： A61B8/145 , A61B5/725 , A61B8/08 , A61B8/085 , A61B8/42 , A61B8/4209 , A61B8/4218 , A61B8/4245 , A61B8/4281 , A61B8/4455 , A61B8/4483 , A61B8/4494 , A61B8/483 , A61B8/5207 , A61B8/5253 , A61B8/543 , G01S7/52046 , G01S7/5205 , G01S15/8977
摘要： A combination of an ultrasonic scanner and an omnidirectional receive transducer for producing a two-dimensional image from the echoes received by the single omnidirectional transducer is described. Two-dimensional images with different noise components can be constructed from the echoes received by additional transducers. These can be combined to produce images with better signal to noise ratios and lateral resolution. Also disclosed is a method based on information content to compensate for the different delays for different paths through intervening tissue is described. Specular reflections are attenuated by using even a single omnidirectional receiver displaced from the insonifying probe. The disclosed techniques have broad application in medical imaging but are ideally suited to multi-aperture cardiac imaging using two or more intercostal spaces. Since lateral resolution is determined primarily by the aperture defined by the end elements, it is not necessary to fill the entire aperture with equally spaced elements. In fact, gaps can be left to accommodate spanning a patient's ribs, or simply to reduce the cost of the large aperture array. Multiple slices using these methods can be combined to form three-dimensional images.
摘要翻译： 描述了由单个全向换能器接收的回波产生二维图像的超声波扫描器和全向接收换能器的组合。 可以从附加传感器接收到的回波构建具有不同噪声分量的二维图像。 这些可以组合以产生具有更好的信噪比和横向分辨率的图像。 还公开了一种基于信息内容的方法，用于补偿通过中间组织的不同路径的不同延迟。 通过使用从失真探头移位的单个全向接收器来衰减镜面反射。 所公开的技术在医学成像中具有广泛的应用，但是理想地适用于使用两个或多个肋间空间的多孔心脏成像。 由于侧向分辨率主要由端部元件限定的孔确定，所以不必用均匀间隔的元件填充整个孔。 事实上，间隙可以适应跨越患者的肋骨，或者简单地降低大孔径阵列的成本。 可以组合使用这些方法的多个片段来形成三维图像。
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10.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110178400A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-21
申请号：US13002778
申请日：2009-08-07
IPC分类号： A61B8/00
CPC分类号： A61B8/5207 , A61B8/4281 , A61B8/4477 , A61B8/54 , G01S7/52046 , G01S7/52087 , G01S15/8913 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8929 , G01S15/8997
摘要： The benefits of a multi-aperture ultrasound probe can be achieved with add-on devices. Synchronization and correlation of echoes from multiple transducer elements located in different arrays is essential to the successful processing of multiple aperture imaging. The algorithms disclosed here teach methods to successfully process these signals when the transmission source is coming from another ultrasound system and synchronize the add-on system to the other ultrasound system. Two-dimensional images with different noise components can be constructed from the echoes received by individual transducer elements. The disclosed techniques have broad application in medical imaging and are ideally suited to multi-aperture cardiac imaging using two or more intercostal spaces.
摘要翻译： 多孔径超声探头的优点可以通过附加设备实现。 来自位于不同阵列中的多个换能器元件的回波的同步和相关性对于成功处理多孔成像是至关重要的。 这里公开的算法教导当传输源来自另一超声系统并且将附加系统同步到另一超声系统时成功处理这些信号的方法。 可以从各个换能器元件接收的回波构建具有不同噪声分量的二维图像。 所公开的技术在医学成像中具有广泛的应用，并且理想地适用于使用两个或更多个肋间空间的多孔心脏成像。
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