公开(公告)号：US06428531B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

申请号：US09604454

申请日：2000-06-27

申请人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Luiz B. Da Silva ,  Peter M. Celliers ,  Richard A. London ,  Duncan J. Maitland, IV ,  Victor C. Esch

发明人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Luiz B. Da Silva ,  Peter M. Celliers ,  Richard A. London ,  Duncan J. Maitland, IV ,  Victor C. Esch

IPC分类号： A61B1818

CPC分类号： A61B18/245 ,  A61B2018/20359 ,  A61B2018/2211

摘要： Partial or total occlusions of fluid passages within the human body are removed by positioning an array of optical fibers in the passage and directing treatment radiation pulses along the fibers, one at a time, to generate a shock wave and hydrodynamics flows that strike and emulsify the occlusions. A preferred application is the removal of blood clots (thrombin and embolic) from small cerebral vessels to reverse the effects of an ischemic stroke. The operating parameters and techniques are chosen to minimize the amount of heating of the fragile cerebral vessel walls occurring during this photo acoustic treatment. One such technique is the optical monitoring of the existence of hydrodynamics flow generating vapor bubbles when they are expected to occur and stopping the heat generating pulses propagated along an optical fiber that is not generating such bubbles.

摘要翻译： 通过将光纤阵列定位在通道中并沿着纤维一次一个地引导处理辐射脉冲来去除人体内的流体通道的部分或全部闭塞，以产生冲击波和流体动力学流动，其冲击和乳化 闭塞。 优选的应用是从小脑血管去除血块（凝血酶和栓塞）以逆转缺血性卒中的作用。 选择操作参数和技术以最小化在此光声处理期间发生的脆弱的脑血管壁的加热量。 一种这样的技术是当期望发生流体动力学流动产生蒸汽气泡的存在时的光学监测，并且停止沿着不产生这种气泡的光纤传播的发热脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US06368318B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-09

申请号：US09012379

申请日：1998-01-23

申请人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Luiz B. Da Silva ,  Peter M. Celliers ,  Richard A. London ,  William Benett ,  Kathryn Broughton ,  Victor Esch

发明人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Luiz B. Da Silva ,  Peter M. Celliers ,  Richard A. London ,  William Benett ,  Kathryn Broughton ,  Victor Esch

IPC分类号： A61B1818

CPC分类号： A61B18/26 ,  A61B18/245 ,  A61B2017/22061 ,  A61B2018/00029 ,  A61B2018/2211

摘要： Fiber delivered laser pulses emulsify thrombus by mechanical stresses that include a combination of pressure, tension and shear stress. Laser radiation is delivered to the locality of a thrombus and the radiation is absorbed by blood, blood dot, or other present materials. The combination of a leading pressure wave and subsequent vapor bubble cause efficient, emulsification of thrombus. Operating the laser in a low average power mode alleviates potential thermal complications. The laser is operated in a high repetition rate mode to take advantage of ultrasound frequency effects of thrombus dissolution as well as to decrease the total procedure time. Specific parameter ranges for operation are described. The device includes optical fibers surrounding a lumen intended for flow of a cooling agent. The fibers may be arranged concentrically around the lumen to deliver radiation and heat over as large an area as possible. An alternative design approach incorporates the optical fibers into the wall of the guiding catheter and utilizes the catheter lumen as the cooling channel. An eccentric tip enables rotation of the device to address all parts of the vasculature. The eccentricity can be provided via a variety of means: spring dip, balloon, protrusion, etc.

摘要翻译： 纤维传递的激光脉冲通过机械应力乳化血栓，包括压力，张力和剪切应力的组合。 激光辐射被输送到血栓的位置，并且辐射被血液，血液点或其他现有材料吸收。 导致压力波和随后的蒸汽气泡的组合导致血栓的有效的乳化。 以较低的平均功率模式操作激光可以减轻潜在的并发症。 激光以高重复率模式运行，以利用血栓溶解的超声频率效应以及减少总的手术时间。 描述操作的具体参数范围。 该装置包括围绕用于冷却剂流动的内腔的光纤。 纤维可以围绕内腔同心地布置，以在尽可能大的面积上传送辐射和热量。 另一种设计方法将光纤结合到引导导管的壁中并利用导管内腔作为冷却通道。 偏心的尖端能够使装置旋转以解决脉管系统的所有部分。 偏心度可以通过各种方式提供：弹簧浸渍，气球，突起等

公开(公告)号：US06491685B2

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09516999

申请日：2000-03-01

申请人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Anthony J. Makarewicz ,  Richard A. London ,  William J. Benett ,  Peter Krulevitch ,  Luiz B. Da Silva

发明人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Anthony J. Makarewicz ,  Richard A. London ,  William J. Benett ,  Peter Krulevitch ,  Luiz B. Da Silva

IPC分类号： A61B1722

CPC分类号： A61B18/26 ,  A61B2018/263

摘要： An acoustic focusing device whose acoustic waves are generated by laser radiation through an optical fiber. The acoustic energy is capable of efficient destruction of renal and biliary calculi and deliverable to the site of the calculi via an endoscopic procedure. The device includes a transducer tip attached to the distal end of an optical fiber through which laser energy is directed. The transducer tip encapsulates an exogenous absorbing dye. Under proper irradiation conditions (high absorbed energy density, short pulse duration) a stress wave is produced via thermoelastic expansion of the absorber for the destruction of the calculi. The transducer tip can be configured into an acoustic lens such that the transmitted acoustic wave is shaped or focused. Also, compressive stress waves can be reflected off a high density/low density interface to invert the compressive wave into a tensile stress wave, and tensile stresses may be more effective in some instances in disrupting material as most materials are weaker in tension than compression. Estimations indicate that stress amplitudes provided by this device can be magnified more than 100 times, greatly improving the efficiency of optical energy for targeted material destruction.

摘要翻译： 声波聚焦装置，其声波通过激光辐射通过光纤产生。 声能能够有效地破坏肾脏和胆汁结石，并可通过内窥镜手术递送至结石部位。 该装置包括附接到光纤的远端的换能器尖端，通过激光能量被引导。 换能器尖端封装外源吸收染料。 在适当的照射条件（高吸收能量密度，短脉冲持续时间）下，通过吸收器的热弹性膨胀产生应力波，以破坏结石。 换能器尖端可以被配置成声透镜，使得发射的声波成形或聚焦。 此外，压应力波可以从高密度/低密度界面反射，以将压缩波反转成拉伸应力波，并且拉伸应力在某些情况下在破坏材料中可能更有效，因为大多数材料的张力比压缩弱。 估计表明，该装置提供的应力幅度可以放大100倍以上，大大提高了光能量对目标材料的破坏效率。

公开(公告)号：US5257132A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-26

申请号：US683592

申请日：1991-04-09

申请人： Natale M. Ceglio ,  Andrew M. Hawryluk ,  Richard A. London ,  Lynn G. Seppala

发明人： Natale M. Ceglio ,  Andrew M. Hawryluk ,  Richard A. London ,  Lynn G. Seppala

IPC分类号： G02B5/18

CPC分类号： G02B5/1876 ,  G02B5/188

摘要： A broadband diffractive lens or imaging element produces a sharp focus and/or a high resolution image with broad bandwidth illuminating radiation. The diffractive lens is sectored or segmented into regions, each of which focuses or images a distinct narrowband of radiation but all of which have a common focal length. Alternatively, a serial stack of minus filters, each with a diffraction pattern which focuses or images a distinct narrowband of radiation but all of which have a common focal length, is used. The two approaches can be combined. Multifocal broadband diffractive elements can also be formed. Thin film embodiments are described.

摘要翻译： 宽带衍射透镜或成像元件产生具有宽带宽照明辐射的清晰焦点和/或高分辨率图像。 衍射透镜被分割或分割成各个区域，每个区域聚焦或成像不同的辐射窄带，但都具有共同的焦距。 或者，使用负滤波器的串联堆叠，每个具有聚焦或图像不同的辐射窄带的衍射图案，但都具有共同的焦距。 这两种方法可以组合。 也可以形成多焦点宽带衍射元件。 描述薄膜实施例。

公开(公告)号：US5103452A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-07

申请号：US647075

申请日：1991-01-29

申请人： Richard A. London ,  Mordecai D. Rosen ,  Moshe Strauss

发明人： Richard A. London ,  Mordecai D. Rosen ,  Moshe Strauss

IPC分类号： H01S4/00

CPC分类号： H01S4/00

摘要： Disclosed is an x-ray laser system comprising a laser containing generating means for emitting short wave length radiation, and means external to said laser for energizing said generating means, wherein when the laser is in an operative mode emitting radiation, the radiation has a transverse coherence length to width ratio of from about 0.05 to 1. Also disclosed is a method of adjusting the parameters of the laser to achieve the desired coherence length to laser width ratio.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种X射线激光系统，包括：激光器，其包含用于发射短波长辐射的发生装置，以及用于激励所述发生装置的所述激光器外部的装置，其中当所述激光器处于发射辐射的操作模式时，所述辐射具有横向 相干长宽比为约0.05至1.还公开了一种调整激光器参数以实现期望的相干长度与激光宽度比的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07236565B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-26

申请号：US11134207

申请日：2005-05-17

申请人： Richard A. London ,  Abraham Szoke ,  Stefan P. Hau-Riege ,  Henry N. Chapman

发明人： Richard A. London ,  Abraham Szoke ,  Stefan P. Hau-Riege ,  Henry N. Chapman

IPC分类号： G01N23/04

CPC分类号： G01N23/10

摘要： A system for x-ray imaging of a small sample comprising positioning a tamper so that it is operatively connected to the sample, directing short intense x-ray pulses onto the tamper and the sample, and detecting an image from the sample. The tamper delays the explosive motion of the sample during irradiation by the short intense x-ray pulses, thereby extending the time to obtain an x-ray image of the original structure of the sample.

摘要翻译： 一种用于小样品的x射线成像的系统，包括定位捣固器，使得其可操作地连接到样品，将短的强烈X射线脉冲引导到篡改和样品上，并且检测来自样品的图像。 篡改在短时间强烈的X射线脉冲照射期间延迟了样品的爆炸运动，从而延长了获得样品原始结构的X射线图像的时间。

公开(公告)号：US5071207A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

申请号：US587699

申请日：1990-09-25

申请人： Natale M. Ceglio ,  Andrew M. Hawryluk ,  Richard A. London ,  Lynn G. Seppala

发明人： Natale M. Ceglio ,  Andrew M. Hawryluk ,  Richard A. London ,  Lynn G. Seppala

IPC分类号： G02B5/18

CPC分类号： G02B5/1876 ,  G02B5/188

摘要： A broadband diffractive lens or imaging element produces a sharp focus and/or a high resolution image with broad bandwidth illuminating radiation. The diffractive lens is sectored or segmented into regions, each of which focuses or images a distinct narrowband of radiation but all of which have a common focal length. Alternatively, a serial stack of minus filters, each with a diffraction pattern which focuses or images a distinct narrowband of radiation but all of which have a common focal length, is used. The two approaches can be combined. Multifocal broadband diffractive elements can also be formed.

摘要翻译： 宽带衍射透镜或成像元件产生具有宽带宽照明辐射的清晰焦点和/或高分辨率图像。 衍射透镜被分割或分割成各个区域，每个区域聚焦或成像不同的辐射窄带，但都具有共同的焦距。 或者，使用负滤波器的串联堆叠，每个具有聚焦或图像不同的辐射窄带的衍射图案，但都具有共同的焦距。 这两种方法可以组合。 也可以形成多焦点宽带衍射元件。