公开(公告)号：US20180271395A1

公开(公告)日：2018-09-27

申请号：US15698372

申请日：2017-09-07

申请人： KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA

发明人： Hitoshi IWASAKI ,  Akira KIKITSU ,  Satoshi SHIROTORI

IPC分类号： A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/04 ,  G01N33/483

CPC分类号： A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/04 ,  A61B5/04008 ,  A61K49/00 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01N33/4833 ,  H01S4/00

摘要： According to one embodiment, a magnetic sensor includes a first sensor element and a first interconnect. The first sensor element includes a first magnetic layer, a first opposing magnetic layer, and a first nonmagnetic layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the first opposing magnetic layer. A first magnetization of the first magnetic layer is aligned with a first length direction crossing a first stacking direction from the first magnetic layer toward the first opposing magnetic layer. At least a portion of the first interconnect extends along the first length direction. The first interconnect cross direction crosses the first length direction and is from the first sensor element toward the portion of the first interconnect. A first electrical resistance of the first sensor element changes according to an alternating current flowing in the first interconnect and a sensed magnetic field applied to the first sensor element.

公开(公告)号：US10084102B2

公开(公告)日：2018-09-25

申请号：US15555132

申请日：2016-03-01

申请人： UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK ,  THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY ,  MONASH UNIVERSITY

发明人： Xinghan Cai ,  Andrei B. Sushkov ,  Mohammad M. Jadidi ,  David Kurt Gaskill ,  Thomas E. Murphy ,  Michael Fuhrer ,  Howard Dennis Drew

IPC分类号： H01L31/028 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/103 ,  G02B5/30 ,  G02B5/00 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H01L29/16

CPC分类号： H01L31/028 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G02B5/008 ,  G02B5/3058 ,  H01L29/1606 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/022408 ,  H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/08 ,  H01L31/09 ,  H01L31/103 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  H01S4/00 ,  Y02E10/547

摘要： A plasmon-enhanced terahertz graphene-based photodetector exhibits an increased absorption efficiency attained by utilizing a tunable plasmonic resonance in sub-wavelengths graphene micro-ribbons formed on SiC substrate in contact with an array of bi-metallic electrode lines. The orientation of the graphene micro-ribbons is tailored with respect to the array of sub-wavelengths bi-metallic electrode lines. The graphene micro-ribbons extend at the angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the electrode lines in the bi-metal electrodes array. The plasmonic mode is efficiently excited by an incident wave polarized perpendicular to the electrode lines, and/or to the graphene micro-ribbons. The absorption of radiation by graphene is enhanced through tunable geometric parameters (such as, for example, the width of the graphene micro-ribbons) and control of a carrier density in graphene achieved through tuning the gate voltage applied to the photodetector.

公开(公告)号：US20180047856A1

公开(公告)日：2018-02-15

申请号：US15555132

申请日：2016-03-01

申请人： UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK ,  THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY ,  MONASH UNIVERSITY

发明人： XINGHAM CAI ,  ANDREI B. SUSHKOV ,  MOHAMMAD K. JADIDI ,  DAVID KURT GASKILL ,  THOMAS E. MURPHY ,  MICHAEL FUHRER ,  HOWARD DENNIS DREW

IPC分类号： H01L31/028 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  G02B5/00 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/103 ,  G02B5/30 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/0232

CPC分类号： H01L31/028 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G02B5/008 ,  G02B5/3058 ,  H01L29/1606 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/022408 ,  H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/08 ,  H01L31/09 ,  H01L31/103 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  H01S4/00 ,  Y02E10/547

摘要： A plasmon-enhanced terahertz graphene-based photodetector exhibits an increased absorption efficiency attained by utilizing a tunable plasmonic resonance in sub-wavelengths graphene micro-ribbons formed on SiC substrate in contact with an array of bi-metallic electrode lines. The orientation of the graphene micro-ribbons is tailored with respect to the array of sub-wavelengths bi-metallic electrode lines. The graphene micro-ribbons extend at the angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the electrode lines in the bi-metal electrodes array. The plasmonic mode is efficiently excited by an incident wave polarized perpendicular to the electrode lines, and/or to the graphene micro-ribbons. The absorption of radiation by graphene is enhanced through tunable geometric parameters (such as, for example, the width of the graphene micro-ribbons) and control of a carrier density in graphene achieved through tuning the gate voltage applied to the photodetector.

公开(公告)号：US20170222393A1

公开(公告)日：2017-08-03

申请号：US15490709

申请日：2017-04-18

申请人： The Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate

发明人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Dimitar V. Popmintchev ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

IPC分类号： H01S4/00

CPC分类号： H01S4/00 ,  G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F1/355 ,  G02F2001/354

摘要： A method for extending and enhancing bright coherent high-order harmonic generation into the VUV-EUV-X-ray regions of the spectrum involves a way of accomplishing phase matching or effective phase matching of extreme upconversion of laser light at high conversion efficiency, approaching 10−3 in some spectral regions, and at significantly higher photon energies in a waveguide geometry, in a self-guiding geometry, a gas cell, or a loosely focusing geometry, containing nonlinear medium. The extension and enhancement of the coherent VUV, EUV, X-ray emission to high photon energies relies on using VUV-UV-VIS lasers of shorter wavelength. This leads to enhancement of macroscopic phase matching parameters due to stronger contribution of linear and nonlinear dispersion of both atoms and ions, combined with a strong microscopic single-atom yield.

公开(公告)号：US20160014874A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-14

申请号：US14798599

申请日：2015-07-14

申请人： Dmitri Kaganovich ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Michael H. Helle ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi ,  John Palastro

发明人： Dmitri Kaganovich ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Michael H. Helle ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi ,  John Palastro

IPC分类号： H05G2/00

CPC分类号： H05G2/008 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/003

摘要： A method for generating coherent, polarized, and tunable X-rays using a single laser pulse is provided. An ultrashort laser pulse is fired into a plasma. As the laser beam travels through the plasma, some of its photons are backscattered, e.g., through Raman backscattering, to generate a counter-propagating photon beam that is co-linear with the original laser beam. When the backscattered photons interact with high-energy accelerated periodic electron bunches, coherent X-rays are generated through Compton backscattering of the photons off of the electrons. The energy of the backscattered X-rays can be tuned by tuning one or more characteristics of the laser pulse and/or the plasma.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用单个激光脉冲产生相干，极化和可调谐X射线的方法。 将超短激光脉冲发射到等离子体中。 当激光束穿过等离子体时，其一些光子被反向散射，例如通过拉曼反向散射，以产生与原始激光束共线的反向传播的光子束。 当后向散射光子与高能加速周期性电子束相互作用时，通过离子电子的光子的康普顿反向散射产生相干X射线。 可以通过调谐激光脉冲和/或等离子体的一个或多个特性来调节背散射X射线的能量。

公开(公告)号：US09155910B1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-13

申请号：US13743297

申请日：2013-01-16

申请人： Velayudhan Sahadevan

发明人： Velayudhan Sahadevan

IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  H05H7/06 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H01S3/09

CPC分类号： A61N5/1077 ,  A61N5/1084 ,  A61N2005/1085 ,  H01S3/09 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H7/06 ,  H05H15/00

摘要： This invention relates to adaptive resistance inhibiting 100 to 1,000 Gy, single fraction radiosurgery with inverse Compton scattering gamma ray microbeam and nanobeam. The distance from two adjacent microbeams or the nanobeam generate peak and valley dose. Proliferation of normal tissue's clonogenic cells from low or no dose valley region to peak dose regions makes the normal tissue tolerance to to 100 to 1,000 Gy. The collilinear electron beam and gamma ray microbeam and nanobeam are generated in microfocus carbon tubes in a tissue equivalent primary collimator. Electron beam is absorbed by the tissue equivalent primary collimator. Focusing anode and magnets and multiwalled carbon nanotubes channels the microbeam and nanobeam as focused beams. Methods of spread out or spot scanned or raster scanned collilinear gamma ray microbeam and nanobeam radiosurgery are implemented. Adaptive resistance to cancer treatment is inhibited by inactivation of cancer cell's repair capabilities.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及抑制100-1000Gy，具有反康普顿散射γ射线微束和nanobeam的单分数放射外科的适应性阻力。 距离两个相邻的微束或nanobeam的距离产生峰谷剂量。 从低或无剂量谷区到峰值剂量区域的正常组织的克隆形成细胞的增殖使正常组织耐受性达到100至1,000Gy。 在组织等效初级准直仪中的微焦碳管中产生共线电子束和γ射线微束和nanobeam。 电子束被组织等效初级准直器吸收。 聚焦阳极和磁体和多壁碳纳米管通过微束和纳米束体作为聚焦光束。 实施扩散或斑点扫描或光栅扫描的单线γ射线微束和nanobeam放射外科手术。 通过灭活癌细胞的修复能力来抑制对癌症治疗的适应性抗性。

公开(公告)号：US20130200955A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-08

申请号：US13759360

申请日：2013-02-05

申请人： SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION

发明人： Koji CHINDO

IPC分类号： F21V29/00 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H03B17/00

CPC分类号： F21V29/00 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/48137 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H01S5/02276 ,  H01S5/0612 ,  H01S5/06804 ,  H01S5/183 ,  H03B17/00 ,  H03L7/26 ,  H01L2924/00014

摘要： A light-emitting device module includes a temperature variable device including a temperature control surface subjected to temperature control, a light-emitting device including a first electrode and mounted on a portion of the temperature control surface, a first terminal for supplying electric power to the first electrode, and a wire that causes the first terminal and the first electrode to conduct. The wire is thermally connected to the other portion of the temperature control surface.

摘要翻译： 一种发光器件模块包括：温度可变器件，包括经受温度控制的温度控制表面;发光器件，包括第一电极并安装在温度控制表面的一部分上;第一端子，用于向 第一电极和使第一端子和第一电极导通的导线。 导线热连接到温度控制表面的另一部分。

公开(公告)号：US20130148203A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-13

申请号：US13697934

申请日：2011-05-16

申请人： Alexander Debus ,  Michael Bussmann

发明人： Alexander Debus ,  Michael Bussmann

IPC分类号： G02B27/44 ,  G02B27/00

CPC分类号： G02B27/44 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/4233 ,  H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/0903 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/1024 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/00

摘要： Extremely ultrashort and short-wave light pulses are generated with the aid of the traveling-wave Thomson scattering process. Dispersive elements are arranged between an electron, particle, or radiation source, which is synchronized with a laser system, and an optical element that focuses in a direction. The device is used to superpose a pulse-front tilted light pulse of high power with an ultrashort pulse of relativistic electrons in a laser-line focus. By varying the laser pulse-front tilt, narrow-band radiation pulses in a wide wavelength range from EUV to X-ray wavelengths and having a high number of protons are obtained, and the bandwidth and coherence properties can also be modified. The system can be used, among other things, in EUV lithography, in the planning and optimal design of laser systems and electron sources, in material analysis by phase contrast imaging, and in superconductor research. The assembly is smaller and cheaper than current comparables.

摘要翻译： 借助于行波Thomson散射过程产生超短波和短波光脉冲。 分散元件布置在与激光系统同步的电子，粒子或辐射源之间，以及沿一个方向聚焦的光学元件。 该装置用于在激光线焦点中用相对论电子的超短脉冲叠加大功率的脉冲前倾斜光脉冲。 通过改变激光脉冲前倾，获得了从EUV到X射线波长的宽波长范围内并且具有大量质子的窄带辐射脉冲，并且还可以修改带宽和相干性质。 该系统可以用于EUV光刻，激光系统和电子源的规划和优化设计，相位成像材料分析和超导体研究中。 该组件比当前的可比较器更小，更便宜。

公开(公告)号：US20120106577A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-03

申请号：US13319611

申请日：2010-05-07

申请人： Philippe Balcou

发明人： Philippe Balcou

IPC分类号： H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S3/0903 ,  H01S3/30 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/00

摘要： The disclosure relates to a free-electron laser system and a method for generating a packet of relativistic electrons capable of propagating in a first propagation direction (Oz), and a device for generating an undulator beam capable of interacting with the packet of relativistic electrons. In the system, the undulator beam results from combining, at an interaction area through which the propagation direction (Oz) of the packet passes, at least two laser beams propagating in different directions and each of which has at least one non-zero component in a plane orthogonal to the propagation direction (Oz) of the packet. The disclosure also relates to a method for generating a free-electron laser beam involving trapping and guiding a packet of relativistic electrons injected into an interaction area and implementing such a free-electron laser system.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及一种自由电子激光系统和用于产生能够在第一传播方向（Oz）上传播的相对论电子分组的方法，以及用于产生能够与相对论电子分组相互作用的波束波束的装置。 在该系统中，波束波束是通过在分组的传播方向（Oz）通过的交互区域上组合至少两个在不同方向上传播的激光束，并且每个激光束在至少一个非零分量中 与分组的传播方向（Oz）正交的平面。 本公开还涉及一种用于产生自由电子激光束的方法，该方法涉及捕获和引导注入到相互作用区域中的相对论电子分组并实现这种自由电子激光系统。

公开(公告)号：US20090016493A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-15

申请号：US11751568

申请日：2007-05-21

申请人： Jorge J. Rocca

发明人： Jorge J. Rocca

IPC分类号： H01J35/10

CPC分类号： H05G2/003 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H05G2/008

摘要： Generation of 2 μW average output power at 13.9 nm from a table-top laser-pumped Ni-like Ag laser operating at 5 Hz repetition rate using a silver-coated helical target which is rotated and advanced such that the target surface is renewed between pulses, is described. Greater than 2×104 soft x-ray laser pulses were obtained using a single target. Similar results were obtained at 13.2 nm for Ni-like Cd using a cadmium-coated target. Uninterrupted operation of laser-pumped soft x-ray lasers at a repetition rates of about 10 Hz for periods of several hours enables the generation of pulsed, high average power soft x-rays for applications. Other embodiments of the renewable laser target are described.

摘要翻译： 使用旋转并前进的银涂层螺旋靶，以5Hz重复频率工作的台式激光泵浦Ni样Ag激光器产生2μW平均输出功率，平均输出功率为13.9nm，使得目标表面在脉冲之间更新 ，被描述。 使用单个靶获得大于2×104软X射线激光脉冲。 使用镉涂覆靶，对于Ni样Cd，在13.2nm处获得类似的结果。 激光泵浦的软X射线激光器以大约10Hz的重复频率持续几个小时的不间断操作使得能够产生用于应用的脉冲，高平均功率的软X射线。 描述可再生激光靶的其它实施例。