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公开(公告)号：US4122719A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-31
申请号：US813951
申请日：1977-07-08
摘要： An improved system for accurately measuring temperature. The system is microprocessor based and automatically compensates for errors from such elements as cable resistance, drift and aging of the signal conditioning electronics. The system converts a non-linear electrical signal from a probe directly to a temperature indication in degrees Celcius. In the preferred embodiment, there is employed a multiplicity of probes and the system provides for automatically scanning of the probes and computation of the temperature for each.
摘要翻译： 用于精确测量温度的改进系统。 该系统是基于微处理器的，并且自动补偿来自信号调理电子器件的电缆电阻，漂移和老化等元件的误差。 该系统将来自探头的非线性电信号直接转换成以摄氏度为单位的温度指示。 在优选实施例中，采用多个探针，并且该系统提供了探针的自动扫描和每个探针的温度计算。
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公开(公告)号：US5731875A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US882926
申请日：1997-06-26
CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 , G02B6/4249
摘要： The new particle sensor is used for assaying particles and includes a light source comprising one or a plurality of light-emitting laser diodes. Light from each diode propagates along a flexible conduit or "light pipe," preferably a separate fiber optic strand. The sensor has a low voltage power supply and drives the diodes at 1-5 VDC. Light from one or bundled fiber optic strand(s) is focused by a focusing lens to provide an intense light beam for small-particle detection. For improved design flexibility, the light source may be mounted independently of the light beam long axis.
摘要翻译： 新的颗粒传感器用于测定颗粒，并且包括包含一个或多个发光激光二极管的光源。 来自每个二极管的光沿柔性导管或“光管”传播，优选地是单独的光纤线。 传感器具有低电压电源，并以1-5 VDC驱动二极管。 来自一个或束缚的光纤束的光被聚焦透镜聚焦，以提供用于小粒子检测的强光束。 为了提高设计灵活性，光源可以独立于光束长轴安装。
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公开(公告)号：US5175596A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-29
申请号：US601888
申请日：1990-10-23
IPC分类号： G01N21/53
CPC分类号： G01N21/53
摘要： The liquid nephelometer has an elongate, tubular housing for containing a liquid sample to be measured for the concentration of foreign materials, a light source located adjacent one or both ends of the housing for directing a beam of light along an axial path through the housing, a light restrictor having a aperture of reduced cross sectional area to divide the interior of the housing into a first or sensing chamber having a known volume and a second chamber and to limit the passage of the scattered light between the two chambers, and light detecting means for detecting light scattered by foreign material in the liquid present in one or both of the chambers and producing a signal representative of the concentration of such foreign material. In a preferred embodiment, the light source is located at the end of the housing including the sensing chamber, the portion of the housing including the second chamber is made from or coated with a light absorbing material and the light detector is disposed between the light source and the end of the sensing chamber, has a central opening through which the light beam passes and detects light back scattered by foreign material present in the liquid in the sensing chamber.
摘要翻译： 液体浊度计具有细长的管状壳体，用于容纳待测量的液体样品用于异物浓集，位于壳体的一端或两端附近的光源，用于引导沿着轴向通过壳体的光束， 具有减小的横截面面积的孔径的光限制器，以将壳体的内部分成具有已知体积和第二室的第一或感测室，并且限制两个室之间的散射光的通过，以及光检测装置 用于检测存在于一个或两个室中的液体中异物散射的光，并产生表示这种异物浓度的信号。 在优选实施例中，光源位于包括感测室的壳体的端部处，包括第二室的壳体部分由光吸收材料制成或涂覆，并且光检测器设置在光源 并且感测室的端部具有中心开口，光束通过该中心开口，并且检测存在于感测室中的液体中的异物散发的光。
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公开(公告)号：US20080087108A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-17
申请号：US11549259
申请日：2006-10-13
IPC分类号： G01N1/22
CPC分类号： G01N1/2202 , G01N1/2205
摘要： A portable microbial gaseous-fluid sampler includes a gaseous-fluid flow system at least partially supported by a structure. The gaseous-fluid flow system includes a gaseous-fluid intake portion having an intake port, a blower in fluid communication with the intake port, and a gaseous-fluid exhaust portion having an exhaust port. The sampler can further include an exhaust filter operable to substantially filter a totality of the gaseous fluid flowing through the sampler prior to exhausting the gaseous fluid. The sampler also can include a control system operable to control at least gaseous-fluid flow through the sampler, and a remote sampling head.
摘要翻译： 便携式微生物气体 - 液体取样器包括至少部分地由结构支撑的气态流体流动系统。 气体流体流动系统包括具有进气口的气态流体进料部分，与进气口流体连通的鼓风机和具有排气口的气体流体排出部分。 采样器还可包括排气过滤器，其可操作以在排出气体流体之前基本上过滤流过采样器的气态流体的总体。 采样器还可以包括可操作以控制至少通过采样器的气体流体流量的控制系统和远程采样头。
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5.发明授权Electro-optical system and method and apparatus for providing automatically-compensating, traceable calibration and zeroing for light scattering devices 失效电光学系统以及用于为光散射装置提供自动补偿，可跟踪的校准和归零的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4396286A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-02
申请号：US146124
申请日：1980-05-02
CPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N21/274
摘要： A calibration/zero control is combined with an electro-optical measurement instrument in a time-multiplex fashion to provide a self-diagnostic in situ measurement system and automatic compensation of the entire electro-optical train without interruption of the measurement process. The electro-optical instrument includes a laser which provides a source of substantially monochromatic electromagnetic radiation (laser beam) and optics for collection and focusing radiation onto a detector. The radiation is directed through a sampling volume where it impinges upon an object whose properties or physical characteristics are to be measured by scattering techniques. The calibration/zero control includes an element rotatably positioned in the path of the electromagnetic radiation, optically upstream of the sampling volume, in having an axis of rotation perpendicular to the optical axis such that the radiation is periodically blocked and sampled. The laser source is synchronously pulsed to fire in accordance with the position of the calibration/zero element. The calibration/zero element is constructed such that in one blocking position, a predetermined fraction of the laser beam is allowed to penetrate and pass through the element to the collection optics and detector. The analog voltage of the detector is time-multiplexed to develop diagnostic information including a calibration signal, a zero radiation signal and a measurement signal. All signals are developed under the control of a timing signal derived from the calibration/zero control.
摘要翻译： 校准/零点控制与电光测量仪器以时间复用方式组合，以提供自诊断原位测量系统和自动补偿整个电光列车而不中断测量过程。 电光学仪器包括提供基本单色电磁辐射源（激光束）的激光器和用于收集辐射并将辐射聚焦到检测器上的光学器件。 辐射被引导通过采样体积，其中它撞击到其特性或物理特性将通过散射技术测量的物体。 校准/零点控制包括可旋转地定位在电磁辐射的路径中的元件，其在采样体积的光学上游具有垂直于光轴的旋转轴线，使得辐射被周期性地阻挡和采样。 根据校准/零元件的位置，激光源被同步脉冲激发。 校准/零元件被构造成使得在一个阻挡位置中，允许激光束的预定部分穿透并穿过元件到收集光学器件和检测器。 检测器的模拟电压被时间复用以开发包括校准信号，零辐射信号和测量信号的诊断信息。 所有信号都是在从校准/零点控制得到的定时信号的控制下开发的。
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公开(公告)号：US5600438A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US616456
申请日：1996-03-15
IPC分类号： G01N15/14 , G01N1/00 , G01N1/02 , G01N1/22 , G01N1/24 , G01N15/02 , G01N21/47 , G01N21/53 , G01N21/05
CPC分类号： G01N1/2273 , G01N15/0205 , G01N1/2202 , G01N2001/2223 , G01N2001/245 , G01N21/53
摘要： Disclosed is a particle sensor having a light beam with a beam long axis and an air flow tube with an inlet end and a particle exit mouth. In an aspect of the invention, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage at the inlet end is greater than the cross-sectional area of the exit mouth. This enlarged area dramatically reduces pressure drop along the tube. The exit mouth is in registry with the light beam and is elongate in a direction substantially parallel to the beam long axis. Thus, particles flowing through the mouth pass through the beam. In another aspect, the invention includes a centrifugal blower which is light in weight and which may be battery powered.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有光束长轴的光束和具有入口端和颗粒出口的气流管的粒子传感器。 在本发明的一个方面，入口端处的流动通道的横截面面积大于出口的横截面面积。 该放大区域显着减少沿管的压降。 出口与光束对准并且在基本上平行于光束长轴的方向上延伸。 因此，流经口的颗粒通过光束。 在另一方面，本发明包括重量轻并且可以是电池供电的离心式鼓风机。
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公开(公告)号：US5515164A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US364389
申请日：1994-12-23
IPC分类号： G01N15/14 , G01N1/00 , G01N1/02 , G01N1/22 , G01N1/24 , G01N15/02 , G01N21/47 , G01N21/53 , G01N21/05
CPC分类号： G01N1/2273 , G01N15/0205 , G01N1/2202 , G01N2001/2223 , G01N2001/245 , G01N21/53
摘要： Disclosed is a particle sensor having a light beam with a beam long axis and an air flow tube with an inlet end and a particle exit mouth. In an aspect of the invention, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage at the inlet end is greater than the cross-sectional area of the exit mouth. This enlarged area dramatically reduces pressure drop along the tube. The exit mouth is in registry with the light beam and is elongate in a direction substantially parallel to the beam long axis. Thus, particles flowing through the mouth pass through the beam. In another aspect, the invention includes a centrifugal blower which is light in weight and which may be battery powered.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有光束长轴的光束和具有入口端和颗粒出口的气流管的粒子传感器。 在本发明的一个方面，入口端的流动通道的横截面面积大于出口的横截面面积。 该放大区域显着减少沿管的压降。 出口与光束对准并且在基本上平行于光束长轴的方向上延伸。 因此，流经口的颗粒通过光束。 在另一方面，本发明包括重量轻并且可以是电池供电的离心式鼓风机。
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8.发明授权Method and apparatus for detecting particles in a fluid using a scanning beam 失效使用扫描光束检测流体中的颗粒的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4885473A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US188500
申请日：1988-04-29
CPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N15/0205 , G01P5/26 , G01N2015/0238 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2021/4707 , G01N21/94
摘要： An apparatus and method for detecting particles in a clean environment provides for forming a beam of electromagnetic radiation into an instantaneous scattering volume and scanning the scattering volume in space defined by a flow cell. Particles are transported by fluid means into the space occupied by the scattering volume and individual particles are multiply scanned while passing through the scanning scattering volume. A fluid conduit is provided to transport the fluid and the particles and windows are provided to transmit the radiation beam into the space defined by the flow cell and to transmit scattered radiation from the particles out of the space. The radiation from the particles is collected and detected to provide an output signal. In the preferred embodiment, the output signal is analyzed to determine the concentration of the particles in the fluid and to determine the size and velocity of each individual particle.
摘要翻译： 用于在清洁环境中检测颗粒的装置和方法提供了将电磁辐射束形成为瞬时散射体积并扫描由流动池限定的空间中的散射体积。 颗粒通过流体装置输送到由散射体积占据的空间中，并且单个颗粒在通过扫描散射体积的同时被扫描。 提供流体管道以输送流体，并且提供颗粒和窗口以将辐射束传输到由流动池限定的空间中，并将散射的辐射从颗粒传出空间。 收集和检测来自颗粒的辐射以提供输出信号。 在优选实施例中，分析输出信号以确定流体中颗粒的浓度并确定每个单独颗粒的尺寸和速度。
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公开(公告)号：US4319901A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US214822
申请日：1980-12-10
IPC分类号： C03B37/07 , G01B11/10 , C03B37/025
CPC分类号： G01B11/105 , C03B37/07 , Y10S242/92
摘要： A method of and apparatus for monitoring the method comprising the steps of: generating electromagnetic radiation; using a first lens to form the electromagnetic radiation into a beam; directing the beam through a sampling volume for impingement upon the fibers; positioning a second lens in the same horizontal plane as the first lens such that the angle, whose tangent is D/d, is greater than or equal to five degrees, where D is the diameter of the second lens and d is the distance from a plane through the center of the second lens to the center of the sampling volume; collecting electromagnetic radiation backscattered from the fibers by means of the second lens; and generating a signal responsive to the amount of radiation collected as an indication of the average diameter of the fibers.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测该方法的方法和装置，包括以下步骤：产生电磁辐射; 使用第一透镜将电磁辐射形成光束; 引导光束通过取样体积以冲击纤维; 将第二透镜定位在与第一透镜相同的水平平面中，使得其切线为D / d的角度大于或等于五度，其中D是第二透镜的直径，d是距离 平面通过第二透镜的中心到采样体积的中心; 收集通过第二透镜从纤维向后散射的电磁辐射; 以及响应于所收集的辐射量作为纤维的平均直径的指示产生信号。
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公开(公告)号：US07752930B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-13
申请号：US11549259
申请日：2006-10-13
IPC分类号： G01N1/22
CPC分类号： G01N1/2202 , G01N1/2205
摘要： A portable microbial gaseous-fluid sampler includes a gaseous-fluid flow system at least partially supported by a structure. The gaseous-fluid flow system includes a gaseous-fluid intake portion having an intake port, a blower in fluid communication with the intake port, and a gaseous-fluid exhaust portion having an exhaust port. The sampler can further include an exhaust filter operable to substantially filter a totality of the gaseous fluid flowing through the sampler prior to exhausting the gaseous fluid. The sampler also can include a control system operable to control at least gaseous-fluid flow through the sampler, and a remote sampling head.
摘要翻译： 便携式微生物气体 - 液体取样器包括至少部分地由结构支撑的气态流体流动系统。 气体流体流动系统包括具有进气口的气态流体进料部分，与进气口流体连通的鼓风机和具有排气口的气态流体排出部分。 采样器还可包括排气过滤器，其可操作以在排出气体流体之前基本上过滤流过采样器的气态流体的总体。 采样器还可以包括可操作以控制至少通过采样器的气体流体流量的控制系统和远程采样头。
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