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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4560463A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US632584
申请日：1984-07-19
申请人： Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald , Gunther Knoll , Helmut Weyl
发明人： Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald , Gunther Knoll , Helmut Weyl
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/4067
摘要： A rod-like electrical heating element is incorporated in the interior of a tubular solid electrolyte sensor connecting zones of the heating element are disposed on the end face thereof remote from the sensing end. Electrical connecting parts are pressed against the connecting zones of the heating element by means of a spring element. These electrical connecting parts are in electrical contact with the connecting cable of the gas sensor via conductor wires, leads or other connecting means.
摘要翻译： 棒状电加热元件结合在管状固体电解质传感器的内部，连接加热元件的区域设置在远离检测端的端面上。 电连接部件通过弹簧元件压靠加热元件的连接区域。 这些电气连接部分通过导线，导线或其他连接装置与气体传感器的连接电缆电接触。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4494401A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-22
申请号：US540296
申请日：1983-10-11
申请人： Klaus Dobler , Ulrich Schoor , Rudolf Heinz , Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald
发明人： Klaus Dobler , Ulrich Schoor , Rudolf Heinz , Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald
CPC分类号： G01L23/22 , F23Q2007/002
摘要： To sense pressure within the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine (ICE), a plug element which already extends into the combustion chamber of the ICE, such as a sparkplug, or a glow plug, has a layer-like resistor applied to a ceramic insulator extending into the combustion chamber, for example, directly on the central insulator of a sparkplug or on the side of a ceramic glow plug bushing or plug element. If applied to a sparkplug then, preferably, the heater is shielded by metallic layers, separated from the metallic shielding layers by insulating layers, of which the top metallic layer preferably is platinum or a platinum-type metal to catalyze combustion of residues which, otherwise, might collect on the top layer and interfere with proper sensor operation. The layer-like sensor and conductive tracks may be of thick film construction; stamp-on printing with flexible printing stamps is suitable to apply the layer-like resistors.
摘要翻译： 为了感测内燃机（ICE）的燃烧室内的压力，已经延伸到ICE的燃烧室（例如火花塞或电热塞）中的塞子元件具有应用于陶瓷的层状电阻器 绝缘体例如直接延伸到燃烧室中的火花塞的中心绝缘体上，或者在陶瓷预热塞衬套或插塞元件侧。 如果应用于火花塞，则优选地，加热器被金属层屏蔽，金属层通过绝缘层与金属屏蔽层分离，绝缘层的顶部金属层优选为铂或铂型金属以催化残余物的燃烧，否则 ，可能会收集在顶层，并干扰正确的传感器操作。 层状传感器和导电轨道可以是厚膜结构; 使用柔性印刷邮票的印花印刷适用于层状电阻器。
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3.发明授权Apparatus for injecting fuel into a secondary flow of combustion air from a combustion chamber 失效用于将燃料喷射到来自燃烧室的二次燃烧空气流的装置
公开(公告)号：US4604975A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-12
申请号：US692450
申请日：1984-12-18
申请人： Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald , Ernst Imhof , Iwan Komaroff , Helmut Reum , Gunther Schmid , Kurt Schmid
发明人： Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald , Ernst Imhof , Iwan Komaroff , Helmut Reum , Gunther Schmid , Kurt Schmid
摘要： An apparatus for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having an injection nozzle and following the injection nozzle a partition (12, 23, 29) which is provided with through openings (13) for the injection streams and is embodied as a guide device for a partial flow of combustion air, which flow is accelerated by the injector action of the fuel streams in the through openings (13). A device (26, 24, 32) for preheating the partial flow of combustion air is also secured to the partition (12, 23, 29). In this apparatus, the partial flow of combustion air circulates virtually continuously through the partition (12, 23, 29) embodied as a guide device, and the acceleration caused by the injector action of the fuel streams increases with increasing engine rpm. This has the advantage that over the entire power and rpm range of the engine, a uniform course of combustion and a reduction of toxic emissions is attainable.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE83 / 00212 Sec。 371日期1984年12月18日 102（e）日期1984年12月18日PCT提交1983年12月20日PCT公布。 公开号WO84 / 04359 日本公报1984年11月8日。一种用于将燃料喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中的装置，其具有喷射喷嘴并且在注射喷嘴之后沿着分隔件（12,23,29）分隔开， 注入流并且被实施为用于部分燃烧空气流的引导装置，该流动由燃料流在通孔（13）中的喷射器作用加速。 用于预热燃烧空气的部分流动的装置（26,24,32）也固定到隔板（12,23,29）上。 在该装置中，燃烧空气的部分流动实际上连续地循环通过体现为引导装置的隔板（12,23,29），并且由燃料流的喷射器作用引起的加速随着发动机转速的增加而增加。 这具有以下优点：在发动机的整个功率和转速范围内，可以获得均匀的燃烧过程和有毒排放物的减少。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4620516A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-04
申请号：US704135
申请日：1985-02-21
申请人： Helmut Reum , Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald , Ernst Imhof , Iwan Komaroff , Gunther Schmid , Kurt Schmid
发明人： Helmut Reum , Thomas Frey , Werner Grunwald , Ernst Imhof , Iwan Komaroff , Gunther Schmid , Kurt Schmid
CPC分类号： F02M57/00 , F02B19/165 , F02M53/06 , F02B3/06 , F02D2200/0606 , Y02T10/125
摘要： An apparatus for the injection of fuel into combustion chambers, in particular of self-igniting internal combustion engines, having an injection nozzle (10) and a subsequent glow body (20), which has a conduit (30) surrounded by heatable walls (26) and serving for the passage therethrough of the injected streams. At least one lateral opening (32) discharges into this conduit (30), the opening preferably communicating with a region (46) of the combustion chamber (36) remote from the core region of the ignition. The air aspirated through the lateral opening (32) warms up and enters into the peripheral zone of the injected streams, where the result is an air-fuel ratio and temperature conditions which are very favorable for ignition. Less heat energy is required to initiate the ignition than in the known apparatus of this general type. By eliminating the conventional glow plugs, which interrupt the movement of air in the combustion chambers, increased power is attained and the emission of soot is reduced sharply.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将燃料喷射到具有喷射喷嘴（10）和随后的发光体（20）的燃烧室，特别是自燃内燃机中的装置，其具有由可加热壁（26）围绕的导管（30） ）并且用于通过其注入的流。 至少一个侧向开口（32）排放到该导管（30）中，该开口优选地与远离燃烧芯的核心区域的燃烧室（36）的区域（46）连通。 通过侧开口（32）吸入的空气加热并进入注入流的周边区域，结果是空燃比和非常有利于点火的温度条件。 与通常类型的已知设备相比，启动点火所需的热能较少。 通过消除中断燃烧室中的空气移动的常规电热塞，获得了增加的功率，并且烟炱的排放急剧减少。
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公开(公告)号：US4939409A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US290168
申请日：1988-12-07
IPC分类号： H01T13/52
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： A spark plug with a surface discharge section for internal combustion engines comprising an insulation body having an inner cavity for receiving a mass of an electrically conductive material, and a bore extending from the inner cavity and through which extends a central electrode which is formed integral with the surface discharge surface, is made of an electrically non-conductive material, and has on an outer surface thereof in the area of the mass and the bore an electrically conductive film, and, in the area defining the surface discharge section a film having no intrinsic conductivity after sintering.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE87 / 00235 Sec。 371日期：1988年12月7日 102（e）日期1988年12月7日PCT提交1987年5月23日PCT公布。 出版物WO87 / 07778 日本1987年12月17日。一种具有用于内燃机的表面放电部分的火花塞，包括具有用于接纳大量导电材料的内腔的绝缘体和从内腔延伸的孔， 与表面放电表面一体形成的中心电极由不导电材料制成，并且在其外表面上具有导电膜，并且在限定 表面放电部分是烧结后没有固有导电性的膜。
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6.发明授权Pressure sensor for installation in a wall element subjected to pressure of a fluid medium, such as a hydraulic pressure line, e.g. in diesel fuel injection systems 失效压力传感器，用于安装在经受诸如液压管线等流体介质的压力的壁元件中。 在柴油喷射系统中
公开(公告)号：US4587840A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-13
申请号：US627917
申请日：1984-07-05
申请人： Klaus Dobler , Werner Grunwald
发明人： Klaus Dobler , Werner Grunwald
CPC分类号： G01L23/18 , G01L9/0002 , F02B3/06
摘要： To provide an unyielding support surface for a film-type, typically thick-film resistor (10) made of pressure-responsive resistance material, an unyielding pressure-tight mass of insulating material, for example a melt of glass, ceramic, or suitable plastic, is introduced into a wall portion of a wall element (11) in which a fluid pressure medium, such as high-pressure fluid for injection to a Diesel engine, is retained. The insulating mass is, preferably, formed as a plug element, for example retained within a metal screw which, simultaneously, can form a venting screw for the fuel injection system. One or two electrical conductors (12, 13) pass through the plug element, which if a metal screw, surrounds the insulating mass, the resistance element can extend over the edge of the metal which, then, can form a ground or return connection. The surface of the plug element is either flush with the surface of the wall or, for example, forms a laterally relieved slot extending parallel to the axis of the plug, which slot may be filled with a protective pressure-transmitting compound and covering the electrical resistance element there located, so that the end surface of the screw and pressure-transmitting filler will be flush with the wall (11) confining the pressure medium.
摘要翻译： 为了提供一种用耐压响应电阻材料制成的薄膜型（通常为厚膜）电阻（10）的不屈曲的支撑表面，这是一种坚固耐用的绝缘材料，例如玻璃，陶瓷或合适塑料的熔体 被引入壁元件（11）的壁部分中，其中保持诸如用于喷射到柴油发动机的高压流体的流体压力介质。 优选地，绝缘块形成为插塞元件，例如保持在金属螺钉内，同时可以形成用于燃料喷射系统的排气螺钉。 一个或两个电导体（12,13）穿过插塞元件，如果金属螺钉围绕绝缘块，电阻元件可以在金属的边缘上延伸，然后可以形成接地或返回连接。 插塞元件的表面或者与壁的表面齐平，或者例如形成平行于插头的轴线延伸的横向释放的槽，该槽可以用保护性压力传递化合物填充并覆盖电气 电阻元件位于那里，使得螺钉和压力传递填料的端面将与限制压力介质的壁（11）齐平。
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公开(公告)号：US5009708A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-23
申请号：US403040
申请日：1989-08-31
摘要： A printing paste suitable for application by an elastically deformable stamp on a substrate and method for said application. The paste comprises a powdered solid component in an organic carrier with a weight ratio of between 6:4 and 8:2. The organic carrier comprises 4-9% by weight ethyl cellulose, 74-82% alpha-terpineol, and 8-17% benzyl alcohol. The paste may also contain up to 20% by weight of polyethylene glycol. The solid component of the paste is preferably a mixture of platinum and zirconium dioxide which can be applied as an electrically conductive paste to form a conductive coating on a substrate, preferably a tubular or other substrate having a non-planar surface. The paste has a viscosity of between 6 and 8.5 pascal seconds.
摘要翻译： 适用于通过基板上的可弹性变形印模施加的印刷浆料和用于所述应用的方法。 糊状物包含重量比为6:4至8:2的有机载体中的粉末状固体组分。 有机载体包含4-9重量％的乙基纤维素，74-82％的α-萜品醇和8-17％的苄醇。 该糊还可含有至多20重量％的聚乙二醇。 糊料的固体组分优选是铂和二氧化锆的混合物，其可以作为导电浆料施加以在基底上，优选具有非平面表面的管状或其它基底上形成导电涂层。 糊料的粘度为6至8.5帕斯卡秒。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4932588A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US301881
申请日：1988-12-16
申请人： Horst Fedter , Werner Grunwald , Peter Nolting
发明人： Horst Fedter , Werner Grunwald , Peter Nolting
CPC分类号： B60H1/00785 , B60H1/00764
摘要： A method of controlling climate in an interior of a vehicle, which method comprises the steps of measuring air temperature in the vehicle interior and outside of the vehicle, measuring relative humidity in the vehicle interior and outside of the vehicle, and controlling air flow from outside of the vehicle into the vehicle interior in accordance with the measured temperatures and humidities.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE87 / 00257 Sec。 371日期：1988年12月16日 102（e）日期1988年12月16日PCT Filted 1987年6月5日PCT公布。 出版物WO88 / 00537 日期：1988年1月28日。一种控制车辆内部气候的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：测量车辆内部和外部的空气温度，测量车辆内部和外部的相对湿度 并且根据测量的温度和湿度控制从车辆外部进入车辆内部的空气流。
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公开(公告)号：US4692657A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-08
申请号：US808333
申请日：1986-02-28
申请人： Werner Grunwald , Kurt Schmid
发明人： Werner Grunwald , Kurt Schmid
摘要： To reduce erosion of a platinum-containing electrode layer (3, 14) applied to the end face of the center insulator (1, 11) of the spark plug, a protective layer of ceramic, preferably aluminum oxide, is applied over the electrode. The aluminum oxide protective is sufficiently thin to permit arc-through or spark-through of the spark from a counter electrode (9, 19). This permits reduction of the thickness of the electrode layer to between about 5 to 15 micrometers, preferably about 8 to 10 micrometers, with a thickness of the protective layer of between 5 to 50 micrometers, preferably about 8 to 10 micrometers. Aluminum oxide is the preferred material for the center insulator, the protective layer, as well as an additive to the center electrode if it is made of a mixture of platinum and ceramic.
摘要翻译： 为了减少施加到火花塞的中心绝缘体（1,11）的端面的含铂电极层（3,14）的侵蚀，在电极上施加陶瓷保护层，优选氧化铝。 氧化铝保护膜足够薄以允许来自对电极（9,19）的火花的电弧穿透或火花穿透。 这允许将电极层的厚度减小到约5至15微米之间，优选约8至10微米，其中保护层的厚度为5至50微米，优选约8至10微米。 如果氧化铝由铂和陶瓷的混合物制成，则中心绝缘体，保护层以及中心电极的添加剂是优选的材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4527427A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-09
申请号：US552893
申请日：1983-11-17
申请人： Werner Grunwald
发明人： Werner Grunwald
摘要： A device is proposed for determining the flow rate of a flowing medium, in particular the flow rate of air aspirated by an internal combustion engine which includes at least two temperature-dependent measuring resistors which are exposed to the flowing medium, each disposed in a separate bridge circuit, heated to different temperatures and regulated such as to be constant. The measuring resistors as well as the other bridge resistors are embodied as film resistors and are disposed opposite one another, each on a different side of a substrate. One signal per bridge, dependent on the currents flowing through the bridges, is supplied to a signal processing unit, the output variable of which represents a standard for the flow rate of the flowing medium that is independent of the temperature of the flowing medium.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于确定流动介质的流量的装置，特别是由内燃机吸入的空气的流速，其包括暴露于流动介质的至少两个温度依赖的测量电阻器，每个设置在单独的 桥接电路，加热到不同的温度并调节为恒定。 测量电阻器以及其它桥式电阻器被实施为薄膜电阻器，并且彼此相对设置，每个在基板的不同侧。 取决于流过桥的电流的每个桥的一个信号被提供给信号处理单元，信号处理单元的输出变量代表与流动介质的温度无关的流动介质的流量的标准。
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