摘要:
A method for producing allyl alcohols, which comprises heat-treating diallyl ethers in the presence of a catalyst containing a palladium compound and a phosphorus compound to convert them to allyl alcohols, wherein the heat treatment is conducted under such conversion reaction conditions that the value of function F represented by the following formula is within a range of 0.ltoreq.F
摘要:
A method for continuously producing alkadienols, which comprises subjecting a conjugated alkadiene and water to a hydration dimerization reaction in a continuous type reactor in the presence of carbon dioxide and a catalyst comprising a palladium compound and a phosphorus compound, wherein a hydrophobic phosphorus compound is used as the phosphorus compound, and the reaction is carried out in the presence of an amine while maintaining the concentration of the conjugated alkadiene in the reaction solution in the reactor within a range of from 0.5 to 4.5 wt %.
摘要:
The disclosure describes a process for producing alkadienols comprising the steps of: reacting a conjugated alkadiene with water in a reaction solvent in the presence of a palladium catalyst; distilling the obtained reaction mixture so as to separate the reaction solvent from the reaction mixture while directly supplying heated water, steam or a mixture thereof as a heating medium to a distillation column, under the condition that the temperature of a bottom liquid in the distillation column is not higher than 120.degree. C.; and phase-separating bottoms discharged from the bottom of the distillation column.
摘要:
The disclosure describes a process for producing alkadienols comprising the steps of: reacting a conjugated alkadiene with water in a reaction solvent in the presence of a palladium catalyst; distilling the obtained reaction mixture so as to separate the reaction solvent from the reaction mixture while directly supplying heated water, steam or a mixture thereof as a heating medium to a distillation column, under the condition that the temperature of a bottom liquid in the distillation column is not higher than 120.degree. C.; and phase-separating bottoms discharged from the bottom of the distillation column.
摘要:
A vehicle includes: a fuel tank into which gas is filled from a gas station that has a receiver; a transmitter; and a control device connected to the transmitter. The control device changes a transmission cycle of a signal transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver during the gas filling from the gas station into the fuel tank, according to a state quantity regarding an interior of the fuel tank.
摘要:
A method for producing a dimerized aldehyde, which comprises subjecting a feed aldehyde to a condensation reaction and a dehydration reaction in the presence of a basic catalyst, wherein the feed aldehyde is the one having one or two hydrogen atoms at the .alpha.-position, an organic feed stream containing the feed aldehyde is supplied to a reactive distillation column, and the condensation reaction and the dehydration reaction are carried out simultaneously in the reactive distillation column.
摘要:
A method for producing an aldehyde, which comprises reacting an olefin with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a hydroformylation reaction zone in the presence of a rhodium catalyst having an organophosphorus compound as a ligand, wherein a reaction solution withdrawn from the hydroformylation reaction zone, which contains an unreacted olefin, an aldehyde product and the catalyst, is countercurrently contacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a contact tower to separate and recover the unreacted olefin without substantially deactivating the rhodium catalyst and supplying the recovered unreacted olefin together with the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen to the hydroformylation reaction zone.
摘要:
A process for producing a rhodium complex solution, which comprises contacting an aqueous solution of a water-soluble rhodium compound and an organic solvent solution of a water-insoluble tertiary organic phosphorus compound, preferably in the presence of a C.sub.2-8 carboxylic acid, in a gas atmosphere containing carbon monoxide, followed by two phase separation, and recovering an organic solvent phase containing a rhodium-tertiary organic phosphorus compound complex. As the above aqueous solution of a rhodium compound, an aqueous solution having rhodium extracted into an aqueous phase from a waste catalyst liquid separated from a hydroformylation reaction step by oxidation treatment in the presence of a recovery accelerator such as a carboxylic acid, an amine, ammonia or an inorganic acid, is used, whereby recycling of rhodium represented by hydroformylation reaction/recovery of the catalyst/regeneration of the catalyst, is made possible, and a cumbersome step of preparing a complex catalyst from an inorganic salt or the like, or a step of preparing a soluble salt from a metal or oxide by combustion in water of the recovered catalyst, can be omitted.
摘要:
A method for producing aldehydes, which comprises reacting an olefinic unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen for hydroformylation in the presence of a rhodium-phosphite complex catalyst to obtain a reaction product solution containing the rhodium-phosphite complex catalyst and an aldehyde product, and separating from the reaction product solution at least one component selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, an unreacted olefinic unsaturated compound, the aldehyde product, a solvent, a medium-boiling by-product and a high-boiling by-product by a separating operation, wherein at least one separating operation is carried out substantially in the absence of water, and the temperature and the residence time in the separating operation are selected to be within such ranges that value P calculated from the following formula (1) would be at most 1: P=5.0.times.10.sup.3 .times.exp�-5000/(T.sub.1 +273)!.times..theta.T.sub.1(1) where T.sub.1 is the maximum temperature (.degree.C.) in the separating operation, and .theta.T.sub.1 is the residence time (minutes) of the liquid in the separating operation.