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    Noble metal-refractory metal alloys as catalysts and method for making
    2.
    发明授权
    Noble metal-refractory metal alloys as catalysts and method for making 失效
    贵金属难熔金属合金作为催化剂和制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4186110A

    公开(公告)日：1980-01-29

    申请号：US922004

    申请日：1978-07-03

    申请人： Vinod M. Jalan ,  Douglas A. Landsman

    发明人： Vinod M. Jalan ,  Douglas A. Landsman

    IPC分类号： B01J23/42 ,  B01J23/54 ,  B01J23/63 ,  B01J37/16 ,  B22F9/20 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/92 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J21/12 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/40

    CPC分类号： H01M4/928 ,  B01J23/42 ,  B01J23/54 ,  B22F9/20 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  H01M2300/0005 ,  H01M2300/0008 ,  H01M4/921

    摘要： Finely divided noble metal-refractory metal alloys and methods for making them are disclosed. As catalysts these alloys have greater activity than a catalyst of the same unalloyed noble metal and may be advantageously used as electrodes for fuel cells particularly when supported. The method for making supported catalysts involves a simple and inexpensive procedure for converting a supported, finely divided noble metal catalyst to the desired alloy. In a preferred embodiment the process includes intimately contacting the supported noble metal catalyst with a finely divided refractory metal oxide, the metallic component of which is capable of enhancing the activity of the catalyst when alloyed therewith, and then heating to a sufficiently high temperature, preferably in a reducing atmosphere, to reduce the oxide and simultaneously form a finely divided, supported alloy of the noble metal and the metallic component of the oxide.

    摘要翻译： 公开了细分贵金属 - 难熔金属合金及其制造方法。 作为催化剂，这些合金比相同的非合金贵金属的催化剂具有更大的活性，并且可以有利地用作燃料电池的电极，特别是当被负载时。 用于制备负载型催化剂的方法涉及将负载的，细分的贵金属催化剂转化为所需合金的简单且便宜的方法。 在优选的实施方案中，该方法包括使负载的贵金属催化剂与细分的难熔金属氧化物紧密接触，其金属组分能够在与其合金时提高催化剂的活性，然后加热至足够高的温度，优选 在还原气氛中，为了还原氧化物，同时形成贵金属和氧化物的金属成分的精细分散的负载合金。

    Noble metal/vanadium alloy catalyst and method for making
    3.
    发明授权
    Noble metal/vanadium alloy catalyst and method for making 失效
    贵金属/钒合金催化剂及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4202934A

    公开(公告)日：1980-05-13

    申请号：US922005

    申请日：1978-07-03

    申请人： Vinod M. Jalan

    发明人： Vinod M. Jalan

    IPC分类号： C22C1/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/64 ,  B01J23/648 ,  B01J37/08 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/86

    CPC分类号： H01M4/90 ,  B01J23/6482

    摘要： A novel catalyst comprises an alloy of a noble metal and vanadium. The catalyst is particularly useful in an electrochemical cell cathode electrode. The method for making the alloy involves reacting a vanadium compound with sodium dithionite to form a sol of a finely dispersed vanadium sulfite complex, and then reacting noble metal particles with the complex in a reducing environment.

    摘要翻译： 一种新型催化剂包括贵金属和钒的合金。 催化剂特别适用于电化学电池阴极电极。 制造合金的方法包括使钒化合物与连二亚硫酸钠反应以形成精细分散的亚硫酸钒复合物的溶胶，然后在还原环境中使贵金属颗粒与络合物反应。

    Catalyst and method for making
    5.
    发明授权
    Catalyst and method for making 失效
    催化剂和制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4137372A

    公开(公告)日：1979-01-30

    申请号：US854284

    申请日：1977-11-23

    申请人： Vinod M. Jalan ,  Calvin L. Bushnell

    发明人： Vinod M. Jalan ,  Calvin L. Bushnell

    IPC分类号： B01J23/42 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18

    CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  B01J23/42 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  H01M2300/0008

    摘要： The rate of platinum recrystallization of a platinum supported on carbon catalyst is reduced by depositing porous carbon on and around the supported platinum crystallites. The reduced rate of platinum recrystallization results in higher platinum surface areas over a period of time and therefore improves the performance of the catalyst. The porous carbon can be deposited by any suitable technique, a preferred method being to heat the supported platinum in the presence of carbon monoxide to decompose the carbon monoxide thereby depositing carbon on and around the platinum crystallites.

    摘要翻译： 通过在负载的铂微晶上和周围沉积多孔碳来降低负载在碳催化剂上的铂的铂重结晶速率。 铂再结晶率降低导致铂表面积在一段时间内增加，从而提高了催化剂的性能。 多孔碳可以通过任何合适的技术沉积，优选的方法是在一氧化碳存在下加热负载的铂以分解一氧化碳，从而在铂微晶上和周围沉积碳。

    Cathode alloy electrocatalysts
    6.
    发明授权
    Cathode alloy electrocatalysts 失效
    阴极合金电催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US5079107A

    公开(公告)日：1992-01-07

    申请号：US780587

    申请日：1985-09-26

    申请人： Vinod M. Jalan

    发明人： Vinod M. Jalan

    IPC分类号： B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/56 ,  B01J23/89 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/92

    CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/56 ,  B01J23/89 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  H01M2300/0008

    摘要： Ternary alloy electrocatalysts comprising platinum and at least two less noble elements are described. The ternary alloy electrocatalysts when employed in the cathode of a fuel cell utilizing a phosphoric acid electrolyte provide improved oxygen activity and stability in comparison to unalloyed platinum. The cost of the electrocatalysts is also reduced in comparison to an unalloyed platinum electrocatalyst.

    摘要翻译： 描述了包含铂和至少两种较低贵族元素的三元合金电催化剂。 当使用磷酸电解质的燃料电池的阴极中使用三元合金电极催化剂时，与非合金铂相比提供了改进的氧活性和稳定性。 与非合金铂电极催化剂相比，电催化剂的成本也降低。

    High-temperature sorbent method for removal of sulfur containing gases from gaseous mixtures
    7.
    发明授权
    High-temperature sorbent method for removal of sulfur containing gases from gaseous mixtures 失效
    用于从气态混合物中除去含硫气体的高温吸附剂方法

    公开(公告)号：US4455286A

    公开(公告)日：1984-06-19

    申请号：US395895

    申请日：1982-07-07

    申请人： John E. Young ,  Vinod M. Jalan

    发明人： John E. Young ,  Vinod M. Jalan

    IPC分类号： B01D53/02 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B17/16 ,  C01B17/00 ,  C01B31/20

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 ,  B01D53/02

    摘要： A copper oxide-zinc oxide mixture is used as a sorbent for removing hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur containing gases at high temperatures from a gaseous fuel mixture. This high-temperature sorbent is especially useful for preparing fuel gases for high temperature fuel cells. The copper oxide is initially reduced in a preconditioning step to elemental copper and is present in a highly dispersed state throughout the zinc oxide which serves as a support as well as adding to the sulfur sorption capacity. The spent sorbent is regenerated by high-temperature treatment with an air fuel, air steam mixture followed by hydrogen reduction to remove and recover the sulfur.

    摘要翻译： 氧化铜 - 氧化锌混合物用作吸附剂，用于从气态燃料混合物在高温下除去硫化氢和其它含硫气体。 该高温吸附剂特别适用于制备高温燃料电池的燃料气体。 氧化铜在预处理步骤中最初在元素铜中还原，并以高分散状态存在于用作载体的氧化锌中，以及增加硫的吸附能力。 用过的吸附剂通过用空气燃料，空气蒸汽混合物进行高温处理再生，然后氢还原以除去和回收硫。

    Method of removing hydrogen sulfide from gases utilizing a zinc oxide sorbent and regenerating the sorbent
    8.
    发明授权
    Method of removing hydrogen sulfide from gases utilizing a zinc oxide sorbent and regenerating the sorbent 失效
    使用氧化锌吸附剂从气体中除去硫化氢并再生吸附剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4442078A

    公开(公告)日：1984-04-10

    申请号：US395894

    申请日：1982-07-07

    申请人： Vinod M. Jalan ,  David G. Frost

    发明人： Vinod M. Jalan ,  David G. Frost

    IPC分类号： B01D53/52 ,  B01D53/34

    CPC分类号： B01D53/52

    摘要： A spent solid sorbent resulting from the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fuel gas flow is regenerated with a steam-air mixture. The mixture of steam and air may also include additional nitrogen or carbon dioxide. The gas mixture contacts the spent sorbent containing metal sulfide at a temperature above 500.degree. C. to regenerate the sulfide to metal oxide or carbonate. Various metal species including the period four transition metals and the lanthanides are suitable sorbents that may be regenerated by this method. In addition, the introduction of carbon dioxide gas permits carbonates such as those of strontium, barium and calcium to be regenerated. The steam permits regeneration of spent sorbent without formation of metal sulfate. Moreover, the regeneration will proceed with low oxygen concentrations and will occur without the increase in temperature to minimize the risk of sintering and densification of the sorbent.

    摘要翻译： 从燃料气流中除去硫化氢产生的废固体吸附剂用蒸汽 - 空气混合物再生。 蒸汽和空气的混合物还可以包括额外的氮气或二氧化碳。 气体混合物在高于500℃的温度下与含有金属硫化物的废吸附剂接触以将硫化物再生成金属氧化物或碳酸盐。 包括四个过渡金属和镧系元素在内的各种金属物质是可以通过该方法再生的合适的吸附剂。 此外，二氧化碳气体的引入允许诸如锶，钡和钙的碳酸盐再生。 蒸汽允许废弃的吸附剂的再生而不形成金属硫酸盐。 此外，再生将以低氧浓度进行，并且将在没有温度升高的情况下发生，以最小化吸附剂的烧结和致密化的风险。