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    Controlled direct liquid injection vapor feed for a DMFC
    1.
    发明申请
    Controlled direct liquid injection vapor feed for a DMFC 审中-公开
    DMFC控制的直接液体注入蒸汽进料

    公开(公告)号：US20050170224A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-04

    申请号：US11023666

    申请日：2004-12-28

    申请人： Xiaoming Ren ,  Juan Becerra ,  Robert Hirsch ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Frank Kovacs ,  Kevin Shufon

    发明人： Xiaoming Ren ,  Juan Becerra ,  Robert Hirsch ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Frank Kovacs ,  Kevin Shufon

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/94 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M8/2455 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M8/2475 ,  Y02E60/523

    摘要： A fuel cell system having a methanol vapor delivery component or film is provided. The component includes an evaporation pad. The evaporation pad is disposed within the fuel cell generally parallel to the anode diffusion layer, but with a vapor gap provided between the evaporation pad and the anode diffusion layer. A fuel delivery conduit having at least one injection port is provided through which liquid fuel is delivered from an associated source of highly concentrated fuel into the evaporation pad, at a controlled, adjustable rate. Multiple parallel liquid delivery points can also be provided. In order to ensure uniform delivery of fuel across the across the active area of the anode, one or more dispersion members are placed on the evaporation pad to effectively disperse the fuel laterally around each injection port.

    摘要翻译： 提供了具有甲醇蒸汽输送组分或膜的燃料电池系统。 该组件包括蒸发垫。 蒸发垫设置在大致平行于阳极扩散层的燃料电池内，但是在蒸发垫和阳极扩散层之间设置有蒸汽间隙。 提供具有至少一个注入口的燃料输送管道，液体燃料以受控的可调节速率从相关的高浓度燃料源输送到蒸发垫中。 还可以提供多个平行的液体输送点。 为了确保燃料在阳极的有效区域的均匀输送，一个或多个分散构件被放置在蒸发垫上，以有效地将燃料横向分散在每个注入口周围。

    PASSIVE WATER MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS
    2.
    发明申请
    PASSIVE WATER MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS 有权
    直接甲醇燃料电池中的被动水处理技术

    公开(公告)号：US20080032182A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

    申请号：US11873259

    申请日：2007-10-16

    申请人： Xiaoming Ren ,  Frank Kovacs ,  Kevin Shufon ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld

    发明人： Xiaoming Ren ,  Frank Kovacs ,  Kevin Shufon ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M8/2475 ,  Y02E60/523

    摘要： Passive water management techniques are provided in an air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell system. A highly hydrophobic component with sub-micrometer wide pores is laminated to the catalyzed membrane electrolyte on the cathode side. This component blocks liquid water from traveling out of the cathode and instead causes the water to be driven through the polymer membrane electrolyte to the cell anode. The air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell also includes a layer of cathode backing and additional cathode filter components on an exterior aspect of the cell cathode which lessen the water vapor escape rate from the cell cathode. The combination of the well laminated hydrophobic microporous layer, the thicker backing and the added filter layer, together defines a cathode structure of unique water management capacity, that enables to operate a DMFC with direct, controlled rate supply of neat (100%) methanol, without the need for any external supply or pumping of water. The cell anode is provided with a hydrophilic backing layer. When the water is driven through the polymer membrane electrolyte from the cell cathode to the cell anode chamber, it is available for the anodic reaction, and any excess water is carried out along CO2 ventilation channels to the outside environment.

    摘要翻译： 被动水管理技术在空气呼吸直接氧化燃料电池系统中提供。 将具有亚微米宽孔的高疏水性组分层压到阴极侧的催化膜电解质上。 该组分阻止液体水从阴极流出，而是使水通过聚合物膜电解质驱动到电池阳极。 空气呼吸直接氧化燃料电池还包括在电池阴极的外部方面的阴极背衬和附加的阴极过滤器部件的层，其降低了来自电池阴极的水蒸气逸出速率。 良好层压的疏水微孔层，较厚的背衬和增加的过滤层的组合共同限定了独特的水管理能力的阴极结构，能够以直（100％）的甲醇直接控制速率供应来操作DMFC， 而不需要任何外部供应或抽水。 电池阳极设置有亲水背衬层。 当水通过聚合物膜电解质从电池阴极驱动到电池阳极室时，可用于阳极反应，并且任何多余的水都沿着CO 2通气通道进入外部 环境。

    Modified diffusion layer for use in a fuel cell system
    5.
    发明授权
    Modified diffusion layer for use in a fuel cell system 失效
    用于燃料电池系统的改性扩散层

    公开(公告)号：US07179501B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-20

    申请号：US11026728

    申请日：2005-04-13

    申请人： Gerhard Beckmann ,  Xiaoming Ren ,  Paul F. Mutolo ,  Frank W. Kovacs ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld

    发明人： Gerhard Beckmann ,  Xiaoming Ren ,  Paul F. Mutolo ,  Frank W. Kovacs ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld

    IPC分类号： B05D5/12 ,  B05D1/12 ,  B05D5/00 ,  B05D3/02

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8817 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  Y02E60/523 ,  Y10T428/30

    摘要： A fuel cell diffusion layer providing a preferential path by which liquid reactants or byproducts may be supplied to or removed from a direct oxidation fuel cell is described. The modified diffusion layer will be typically on the cathode side of the fuel cell and its use is to eliminate or minimize flooding of the cathode diffusion layer area, which is a performance limiting condition in direct methanol fuel cells. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the diffusion layer includes a substrate that is coated with a microporous layer. A pattern may be embossed into the diffusion layer, to create preferential flow paths by which water will travel and thereby be removed from the cathode catalyst area. This avoids cathode flooding and avoids build up of potentially destructive pressure by possible cathodic water accumulation. This also provides a means for collecting cathode water for redirection In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the preferential path is established by applying a thicker microporous layer to the carbon cloth or carbon paper and drying it in such a fashion so that when it dries, the surface of the microporous layer cracks to provide the pathways.

    摘要翻译： 描述了提供可以向直接氧化燃料电池供应或从直接氧化燃料电池移除液体反应物或副产物的优选路径的燃料电池扩散层。 改性扩散层通常在燃料电池的阴极侧，其用途是消除或最小化阴极扩散层面积的泛化，这是直接甲醇燃料电池中的性能限制条件。 根据本发明的一个实施例，扩散层包括涂覆有微孔层的基底。 图案可以被压印到扩散层中，以产生优选的流动路径，水将通过该路径移动，从而从阴极催化剂区域移除。 这样可以避免阴极淹没，并避免潜在的破坏性压力由可能的阴极水积聚造成。 这也提供了用于收集用于重定向的阴极水的方法。根据本发明的另一方面，优选路径是通过对碳布或碳纸施加较厚的微孔层并以这样的方式干燥来建立的： ，微孔层的表面裂纹提供通路。

    Conducting polymer ultracapacitor
    6.
    发明授权
    Conducting polymer ultracapacitor 失效
    导电聚合物超级电容器

    公开(公告)号：US06356433B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-03-12

    申请号：US09653621

    申请日：2000-08-31

    申请人： Steven Z. Shi ,  John R. Davey ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Xiaoming Ren

    发明人： Steven Z. Shi ,  John R. Davey ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Xiaoming Ren

    IPC分类号： H01G900

    CPC分类号： H01G11/48 ,  H01G11/80 ,  Y02E60/13 ,  Y02T10/7022

    摘要： A sealed ultracapacitor assembly is formed with first and second electrodes of first and second conducting polymers electrodeposited on porous carbon paper substrates, where the first and second electrodes each define first and second exterior surfaces and first and second opposing surfaces. First and second current collector plates are bonded to the first and second exterior surfaces, respectively. A porous membrane separates the first and second opposing surfaces, with a liquid electrolyte impregnating the insulating membrane. A gasket formed of a thermoplastic material surrounds the first and second electrodes and seals between the first and second current collector plates for containing the liquid electrolyte.

    摘要翻译： 密封的超级电容器组件形成有电沉积在多孔碳纸基底上的第一和第二导电聚合物的第一和第二电极，其中第一和第二电极各自限定第一和第二外表面以及第一和第二相对表面。 第一和第二集电板分别结合到第一和第二外表面。 多孔膜用浸渍绝缘膜的液体电解质分离第一和第二相对表面。 由热塑性材料形成的垫圈包围第一和第二电极，并在第一和第二集电板之间密封以容纳液体电解质。

    Passive water management techniques in direct methanol fuel cells
    7.
    发明授权
    Passive water management techniques in direct methanol fuel cells 失效
    直接甲醇燃料电池的被动水管理技术

    公开(公告)号：US07282293B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

    申请号：US10454211

    申请日：2003-06-04

    申请人： Xiaoming Ren ,  Frank W. Kovacs ,  Kevin J. Shufon ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld

    发明人： Xiaoming Ren ,  Frank W. Kovacs ,  Kevin J. Shufon ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld

    IPC分类号： H01M2/14 ,  H01M4/00

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M8/2475 ,  Y02E60/523

    摘要： Passive water management techniques are provided in an air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell system. A highly hydrophobic component with sub-micrometer wide pores is laminated to the catalyzed membrane electrolyte on the cathode side. This component blocks liquid water from traveling out of the cathode and instead causes the water to be driven through the polymer membrane electrolyte to the cell anode. The air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell also includes a layer of cathode backing and additional cathode filter components on an exterior aspect of the cell cathode which lessen the water vapor escape rate from the cell cathode. The combination of the well laminated hydrophobic microporous layer, the thicker backing and the added filter layer, together defines a cathode structure of unique water management capacity, that enables to operate a DMFC with direct, controlled rate supply of neat (100%) methanol, without the need for any external supply or pumping of water. The cell anode is provided with a hydrophilic backing layer. When the water is driven through the polymer membrane electrolyte from the cell cathode to the cell anode chamber, it is available for the anodic reaction, and any excess water is carried out along CO2 ventilation channels to the outside environment.

    摘要翻译： 被动水管理技术在空气呼吸直接氧化燃料电池系统中提供。 将具有亚微米宽孔的高疏水性组分层压到阴极侧的催化膜电解质上。 该组分阻止液体水从阴极流出，而是使水通过聚合物膜电解质驱动到电池阳极。 空气呼吸直接氧化燃料电池还包括在电池阴极的外部方面的阴极背衬和附加的阴极过滤器部件的层，其降低了来自电池阴极的水蒸气逸出速率。 良好层压的疏水微孔层，较厚的背衬和增加的过滤层的组合共同限定了独特的水管理能力的阴极结构，能够以直（100％）的甲醇直接控制速率供应来操作DMFC， 而不需要任何外部供应或抽水。 电池阳极设置有亲水背衬层。 当水通过聚合物膜电解质从电池阴极驱动到电池阳极室时，可用于阳极反应，并且任何多余的水都沿着CO 2通气通道进入外部 环境。

    System and method for safe removal/oxidative decomposition of fuel from a fuel container
    9.
    发明授权
    System and method for safe removal/oxidative decomposition of fuel from a fuel container 有权
    从燃料容器安全地去除/氧化分解燃料的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06936368B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

    申请号：US10417453

    申请日：2003-04-16

    申请人： Robert S. Hirsch ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Xiaoming Ren

    发明人： Robert S. Hirsch ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Xiaoming Ren

    IPC分类号： B65D90/02 ,  F23K20060101 ,  H01M2/00 ,  H01M2/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04208 ,  H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/0687 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/523

    摘要： A system and method for removal or oxidative decomposition of fuel from a fuel storage container for use in a direct oxidation fuel cell and direct oxidation fuel cell system wherein the fuel permeates through a material and can be exposed to a catalyst/enzyme which oxidizes the fuel as it leaves the storage container. The system includes a fuel storage container provided with a catalyst-coated material. An airtight seal is provided over the catalyzed area, which seal is broken to allow oxygen access, and consequently the catalytic reaction. The airtight seal may be broken by simple manual methods or automatic methods on removal of the container from the fuel cell system.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于从用于直接氧化燃料电池和直接氧化燃料电池系统的燃料储存容器中去除或氧化分解燃料的系统和方法，其中燃料渗透材料并可暴露于氧化燃料的催化剂/酶 当它离开存储容器。 该系统包括设置有催化剂涂覆材料的燃料储存容器。 在催化区域上提供气密密封，该密封件被破坏以允许氧气进入，从而导致催化反应。 通过简单的手动方法或从燃料电池系统移除容器的自动方法可以破坏气密密封。

    Catalyst inks and method of application for direct methanol fuel cells
    10.
    发明授权
    Catalyst inks and method of application for direct methanol fuel cells 失效
    催化剂油墨和直接甲醇燃料电池的应用方法

    公开(公告)号：US06696382B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

    申请号：US09715211

    申请日：2000-11-14

    申请人： Piotr Zelenay ,  John Davey ,  Xiaoming Ren ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Sharon C. Thomas

    发明人： Piotr Zelenay ,  John Davey ,  Xiaoming Ren ,  Shimshon Gottesfeld ,  Sharon C. Thomas

    IPC分类号： B01J2100

    CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/886 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  Y02E60/523

    摘要： Inks are formulated for forming anode and cathode catalyst layers and applied to anode and cathode sides of a membrane for a direct methanol fuel cell. The inks comprise a Pt catalyst for the cathode and a Pt—Ru catalyst for the anode, purified water in an amount 4 to 20 times that of the catalyst by weight, and a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer in an amount effective to provide an ionomer content in the anode and cathode surfaces of 20% to 80% by volume. The inks are prepared in a two-step process while cooling and agitating the solutions. The final solution is placed in a cooler and continuously agitated while spraying the solution over the anode or cathode surface of the membrane as determined by the catalyst content.

    摘要翻译： 配制油墨用于形成阳极和阴极催化剂层，并施加到用于直接甲醇燃料电池的膜的阳极和阴极侧。 该油墨包括用于阴极的Pt催化剂和用于阳极的Pt-Ru催化剂，其量为催化剂重量的4至20倍的纯化水，和全氟磺酸离聚物，其量有效提供离聚物含量 阳极和阴极表面为20％至80％体积。 在冷却和搅拌溶液的同时，以两步法制备油墨。 将最终的溶液置于冷却器中并持续搅拌，同时将溶液喷涂在由催化剂含量确定的膜的阳极或阴极表面上。