公开(公告)号：US20050193627A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US10793491

申请日：2004-03-04

申请人： Yan Zhang ,  John Ruhl ,  Annette Brenner ,  Craig Gittleman

发明人： Yan Zhang ,  John Ruhl ,  Annette Brenner ,  Craig Gittleman

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  Y02C10/06

摘要： A fuel processor system contains an autothermal reactor (ATR) that produces a hydrogen-rich first gas stream containing carbon monoxide. Downstream of the ATR, a pressure swing adsorber produces a second hydrogen-rich gas stream containing 5 ppm carbon monoxide or more. Downstream of the PSA, there is a methanation reactor sized to reduce the CO level of the second stream below 5 ppm. A method of operating of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack involves cooling the methanator output and feeding it into the stack as an anode fuel.

摘要翻译： 燃料处理器系统包含产生含有一氧化碳的富氢第一气流的自热反应器（ATR）。 在ATR的下游，变压吸附器产生含有5ppm一氧化碳或更多的第二富氢气流。 在PSA的下游，存在一个甲烷化反应器，其尺寸适于将第二流的CO水平降低至低于5ppm。 质子交换膜燃料电池堆的操作方法包括冷却甲烷输出并将其作为阳极燃料进料到堆中。

公开(公告)号：US09083050B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-14

申请号：US12899895

申请日：2010-10-07

申请人： Frank Coms ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Annette Brenner ,  Ruichun Jiang

发明人： Frank Coms ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Annette Brenner ,  Ruichun Jiang

IPC分类号： H01M8/10 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/88 ,  C08J5/22

CPC分类号： H01M4/881 ,  C08J5/2237 ,  C08J2327/18 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1051 ,  H01M8/1053 ,  H01M8/1069 ,  Y02E60/521 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： A fuel cell includes an ion conducting membrane having a first side and a second side. Characteristically, the ion conducting membrane has a sufficient amount of a stabilization agent and platinum to inhibit the loss of fluoride from the ion conducting membrane when compared to an ion conducting membrane having the same construction except for the presence of cerium ions.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括具有第一侧和第二侧的离子导电膜。 特征地，离子导电膜具有足够量的稳定剂和铂，以便与除了存在铈离子之外具有相同结构的离子导电膜相比，可以抑制离子导电膜的氟化物的损失。

公开(公告)号：US20120088181A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-12

申请号：US12899895

申请日：2010-10-07

申请人： Frank Coms ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Annette Brenner ,  Ruichun Jiang

发明人： Frank Coms ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Annette Brenner ,  Ruichun Jiang

IPC分类号： H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/881 ,  C08J5/2237 ,  C08J2327/18 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1051 ,  H01M8/1053 ,  H01M8/1069 ,  Y02E60/521 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： A fuel cell includes an ion conducting membrane having a first side and a second side. Characteristically, the ion conducting membrane has a sufficient amount of a stabilization agent and platinum to inhibit the loss of fluoride from the ion conducting membrane when compared to an ion conducting membrane having the same construction except for the presence of cerium ions.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括具有第一侧和第二侧的离子导电膜。 特征地，离子导电膜具有足够量的稳定剂和铂，以便与除了存在铈离子之外具有相同结构的离子导电膜相比，可以抑制离子导电膜的氟化物的损失。

公开(公告)号：US20050098033A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-12

申请号：US10706319

申请日：2003-11-12

申请人： Kiran Mallavarapu ,  John Ruhl ,  Craig Gittleman

发明人： Kiran Mallavarapu ,  John Ruhl ,  Craig Gittleman

IPC分类号： B01D53/02 ,  B01D53/04 ,  B01D53/047

CPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/0473 ,  B01D53/261 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/102 ,  B01D2257/502 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2257/7025 ,  B01D2257/80 ,  B01D2258/0208 ,  B01D2259/40005 ,  B01D2259/40009 ,  B01D2259/4566 ,  Y02C10/08 ,  Y02C20/20

摘要： A PSA unit for purifying hydrogen in a fuel processor system. The PSA unit employs rotary valves that cycle the pressurization of vessels, including an adsorbent, between a high pressure state and a low pressure state. The purified hydrogen is released from the vessels through a purified gas output port when the vessels are in the high pressure state and the impurities are released through an exhaust port when the vessels are in the low pressure state. The PSA unit also employs a mass flow control device and a pressure sensor in the purified gas output port. A controller receives a pressure signal from the pressure sensor, and controls the flow through the mass flow control device and the speed of the rotary valves so that the proper pressure is maintained at the hydrogen output port.

摘要翻译： 用于在燃料处理器系统中净化氢的PSA单元。 PSA单元使用旋转阀，其在高压状态和低压状态之间循环包括吸附剂在内的容器的加压。 当容器处于高压状态时，净化的氢气通过净化的气体输出口从容器中释放出来，并且当容器处于低压状态时杂质通过排气口释放。 PSA单元还在净化气体输出口中采用质量流量控制装置和压力传感器。 控制器从压力传感器接收压力信号，并控制通过质量流量控制装置的流量和旋转阀的速度，使得在氢气输出口保持适当的压力。

公开(公告)号：US20070122662A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-31

申请号：US11551358

申请日：2006-10-20

申请人： Michael Budinski ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Yeh-Hung Lai ,  Christopher Lewis ,  Daniel Miller

发明人： Michael Budinski ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Yeh-Hung Lai ,  Christopher Lewis ,  Daniel Miller

IPC分类号： H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04313 ,  H01M8/04365 ,  H01M8/04529 ,  H01M8/04731 ,  H01M8/0485 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1016 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/248 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  H01M2300/0094 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： One aspect of the invention includes the discovery that pinholes in the membrane of the membrane electrode assembly may be caused by hygroexpansive ratcheting. In one embodiment of the invention, a fuel cell stack including a plurality of cells each having a membrane electrode assembly each including a membrane manufactured by an extrusion method and operated so that the rate of drying during humidity cycling is sufficiently low to reduce or eliminate build up stresses in the membrane electrode assembly.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个方面包括发现膜电极组件的膜中的针孔可能由湿膨胀棘轮引起。 在本发明的一个实施例中，一种燃料电池堆，其包括多个电池，每个电池均具有膜电极组件，每个膜电极组件均包括通过挤出方法制造的膜，并且操作使得湿度循环期间的干燥速度足够低以减少或消除构建 膜电极组件中的上升应力。

公开(公告)号：US20070077475A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-05

申请号：US11242698

申请日：2005-10-04

申请人： Yeh-Hung Lai ,  Daniel Miller ,  Brian Litteer ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Michael Budinski

发明人： Yeh-Hung Lai ,  Daniel Miller ,  Brian Litteer ,  Craig Gittleman ,  Michael Budinski

IPC分类号： H01M8/10 ,  H01M4/94

CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8647

摘要： The present invention is directed to addressing performance issues attributable to membrane electrode assemblies, and the components thereof, in electrochemical conversion cells. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a device comprising at least one electrochemical conversion cell is provided. The cell is configured to convert first and second reactants to electrical energy and comprises a membrane electrode assembly and at least one membrane reinforcement layer. The combination of elastic modulus and thickness of the reinforcement layer and the bond between the reinforcement layer and the membrane electrode assembly are sufficient to enhance the structural integrity of the membrane electrode assembly beyond the operational degradation threshold of the assembly.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在电化学转化电池中解决归属于膜电极组件及其组件的性能问题。 根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了包括至少一个电化学转换电池的装置。 电池被配置为将第一和第二反应物转化为电能，并且包括膜电极组件和至少一个膜增强层。 增强层的弹性模量和厚度的组合以及加强层和膜电极组件之间的结合足以增强膜电极组件超过组件的操作劣化阈值的结构完整性。

公开(公告)号：US20050204629A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-22

申请号：US10753024

申请日：2004-01-07

申请人： Craig Gittleman ,  Ramesh Gupta

发明人： Craig Gittleman ,  Ramesh Gupta

IPC分类号： B01D53/04 ,  B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/06 ,  B01D53/86 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/56 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/10 ,  B01D53/62 ,  C01B3/24

CPC分类号： B01D53/06 ,  B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/864 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2253/104 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2253/112 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/502 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40062 ,  B01D2259/41 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C01B2203/0205 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0425 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1005 ,  C01B2203/1047 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1229 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1652 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0668 ,  Y02C10/08 ,  Y02P20/128 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/152

摘要： An apparatus removes CO from a hydrogen-rich gas stream in a hydrogen fuel cell system. CO fouls costly catalytic particles in the membrane electrode assemblies. Both a catalyst adapted to perform a water gas shift reaction, and a carbon dioxide adsorbent are disposed in a rotating pressure swing adsorber housing. The adsorption of carbon dioxide shifts equilibrium toward carbon monoxide consumption. A second adsorbent may be disposed in the housing for adsorbing carbon monoxide at low temperatures, and is adapted to desorb carbon monoxide at high temperatures. The present invention advantageously eliminates a unit operation from a space-constrained fuel cell vehicle by combining the WGS catalyst and a CO2 adsorbent in a single reactor/housing. The apparatus further eliminates the use of a PROX reactor, by providing an apparatus which incorporates CO2 adsorption and consequent carbon monoxide consumption in the place of the PROX reactor.

摘要翻译： 一种装置从氢燃料电池系统中的富氢气流中除去CO。 CO会损坏膜电极组件中昂贵的催化颗粒。 适用于执行水煤气变换反应的催化剂和二氧化碳吸附剂均设置在旋转变压吸附器壳体中。 二氧化碳的吸附将平衡转移到一氧化碳消耗。 第二吸附剂可以设置在壳体中用于在低温下吸附一氧化碳，并且适于在高温下解吸一氧化碳。 本发明通过在单个反应器/壳体中组合WGS催化剂和CO 2 H 2吸附剂有利地消除了来自空间受限的燃料电池车辆的单元操作。 该设备进一步消除了PROX反应器的使用，通过提供一种包含CO 2吸附和随后的一氧化碳消耗代替PROX反应器的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20060032138A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-16

申请号：US11243084

申请日：2005-10-04

申请人： Craig Gittleman ,  William Pettit ,  Gerald Voecks

发明人： Craig Gittleman ,  William Pettit ,  Gerald Voecks

IPC分类号： C01B3/24

CPC分类号： B01D53/06 ,  B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/261 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2253/104 ,  B01D2253/106 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2253/1124 ,  B01D2253/25 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/502 ,  B01D2257/80 ,  B01D2258/0208 ,  B01D2259/40001 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40056 ,  B01D2259/40081 ,  B01D2259/4145 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  H01M8/0662

摘要： An apparatus removes carbon monoxide (CO) from a hydrogen-rich gas stream in a hydrogen fuel cell system. CO fouls costly catalytic particles in the membrane electrode assemblies of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. A vessel houses a carbon monoxide adsorbent. The vessel may be a rotating pressure swing adsorber. A water gas shift reactor is upstream of the rotating pressure swing adsorber. The water gas shift reactor may include a second adsorbent adapted to adsorb carbon monoxide at low temperatures and to desorb carbon monoxide at high temperatures. The apparatus advantageously eliminates the use of a preferential oxidation (PROX) reactor, by providing an apparatus which incorporates CO adsorption in the place of the PROX reactor. This cleans up carbon monoxide without hydrogen consumption and the concomitant, undesirable excess low grade heat generation. The present invention reduces start-up duration, and improves overall fuel processor efficiency during normal operation.

公开(公告)号：US20050098034A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-12

申请号：US10706320

申请日：2003-11-12

申请人： Craig Gittleman ,  William Appel ,  David Winter ,  Brian Sward

发明人： Craig Gittleman ,  William Appel ,  David Winter ,  Brian Sward

IPC分类号： B01D53/02 ,  B01D53/047 ,  C01B3/56

CPC分类号： C01B3/56 ,  B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/261 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2253/104 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2257/102 ,  B01D2257/304 ,  B01D2257/406 ,  B01D2257/50 ,  B01D2257/702 ,  B01D2257/7025 ,  B01D2257/80 ,  B01D2258/0208 ,  B01D2259/40005 ,  B01D2259/40007 ,  B01D2259/40041 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40069 ,  B01D2259/40073 ,  B01D2259/40075 ,  B01D2259/4061 ,  B01D2259/4066 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  Y02C20/20 ,  Y02P20/152 ,  Y02P20/156

摘要： A PSA system that purifies a feed gas, such as a reformate gas in fuel cell system. The PSA system includes a series of vessels housing an adsorbent or combination of adsorbents that adsorb carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water and methane in the reformate gas. The adsorbent vessels are connected to each other and a feed manifold, a product manifold and an exhaust manifold through suitable conduits, where the gas flows are controlled by a product rotating valve and feed rotating valve or a series of open/shut valves. A specialized PSA cycle controls the valves so that the vessels cycle through various stages of equalization, blow-down, purge, pressurization and production to purify the feed gas.

摘要翻译： 一种PSA系统，其净化燃料电池系统中的原料气体，例如重整气体。 PSA系统包括一系列容器，其容纳在重整气体中吸附一氧化碳，二氧化碳，氮气，水和甲烷的吸附剂或吸附剂组合。 吸附剂容器彼此连接，并且通过合适管道的进料歧管，产物歧管和排气歧管通过产品旋转阀和进料旋转阀或一系列打开/关闭阀来控制气体流动。 专门的PSA循环控制阀门，使得容器循环经过均衡，吹扫，吹扫，加压和生产的各个阶段以净化进料气体。