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1.发明授权Stabilized fluorine-containing polymer and method for stabilizing fluorine containing polymer 有权含氟聚合物的稳定化和含氟聚合物的稳定化方法公开(公告)号：US06777501B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US09623756
申请日：2000-09-08
IPC分类号： C08F800
CPC分类号： C08F8/44 , C08F2800/10 , C08F2810/40 , C08F214/26 , C08F8/00
摘要： To a fluorine-containing polymer, 0.1 to 10% of a compound comprising an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal in terms of the number of atoms of the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal based on the total number of the above terminal groups, 0.1 to 10% of ammonia in terms of the number of ammonia molecules based on the total number of the above terminal groups, or 0.1 to 10% of a compound having an ammonium group in terms of the number of the ammonium groups based on the total number of the above terminal groups is added, and heated at a temperature of at least 2000C in an atmosphere containing moisture. By this process, unstable terminal groups such as terminal carboxylic acid groups and coloration caused by such terminal groups are effectively removed from the fluorine-containing polymer, and furthermore unstable bonds in the backbones can be removed. The obtained fluorine-containing polymer contains 1.0×1013 spins/g or less of unpaired electrons on the carbon atoms in terms of a spin density measured with spin resonance at a temperature of 10K.
摘要翻译： 对于含氟聚合物，以碱金属或碱土金属的原子数为基准，含有碱金属或碱土类金属的化合物的0.1〜10％以上述末端基的总数计， 基于上述末端基团的氨基分子数为0.1〜10％的氨，或以氨基数为基准的具有铵基的化合物的0.1〜10％ 加入上述末端基团的数量，并在含有水分的气氛中在至少200℃的温度下加热。 通过该方法，可以从含氟聚合物中有效地除去末端羧酸基等不稳定末端基团和由这些末端基团引起的着色，从而可以除去骨架中的不稳定键。 所获得的含氟聚合物在10K的温度下以自旋共振测定的自旋密度，在碳原子上含有1.0×10 13个/ g以下的不成对电子。
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2.发明授权Stabilized fluorine-containing polymer and method for stabilizing fluorine-containing polymer 失效稳定的含氟聚合物和用于稳定含氟聚合物的方法公开(公告)号：US07151141B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-19
申请号：US10880537
申请日：2004-07-01
IPC分类号： C08F8/42
CPC分类号： C08F8/44 , C08F2800/10 , C08F2810/40 , C08F214/26 , C08F8/00
摘要： To a fluorine-containing polymer, 0.1 to 10% of a compound having an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal in terms of the number of atoms of the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal based on the total number of the above terminal groups, 0.1 to 10% of ammonia in terms of the number of ammonia molecules based on the total number of the above terminal groups, or 0.1 to 10% of a compound having an ammonium group in terms of the number of the ammonium groups based on the total number of the above terminal groups is added, and heated at a temperature of at least 200° C. in an atmosphere containing moisture. By this process, unstable terminal groups such as terminal carboxylic acid groups and coloration caused by such terminal groups are effectively removed from the fluorine-containing polymer, and furthermore unstable bonds in the backbones can be removed. The obtained fluorine-containing polymer contains 1.0×1013 spins/g or less of unpaired electrons on the carbon atoms in terms of a spin density measured with electron spin resonance at a temperature of 10K.
摘要翻译： 对于含氟聚合物，基于上述末端基团的总数，以碱金属或碱土金属的原子数计，具有碱金属或碱土金属的化合物为0.1〜10％ 基于上述末端基团的氨基分子数为0.1〜10％的氨，或以氨基数为基准的具有铵基的化合物的0.1〜10％ 加入上述末端基团的数量，并在含有水分的气氛中在至少200℃的温度下加热。 通过该方法，可以从含氟聚合物中有效地除去末端羧酸基等不稳定末端基团和由这些末端基团引起的着色，从而可以除去骨架中的不稳定键。 以10K的电子自旋共振测定的自旋密度，所得到的含氟聚合物含有1.0×10 13个/克或更少的不成对电子。
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公开(公告)号：US06846904B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10069345
申请日：2000-08-24
CPC分类号： C08F6/005 , C08F8/50 , C08F214/262 , C08F2800/20 , C08F2810/10 , C08F214/28 , C08F216/1408 , C08L27/18
摘要： After a melt-processable fluorine-containing copolymer is heated and molten, the copolymer is reheatd in a closed apparatus under a non-static condition at a temperature of, for example, 130° C. to the melting point of the fluorine-containing polymer, whereby a content of volatile materials in the copolymer is reduced to 30% or less of an initial content of volatile materials. Thereby, the content of volatile materials in the melt-processable fluorine-containing copolymer, which has been once molten, can be effectively decreased without using a large apparatus while avoiding the contamination of the copolymer with foreign particles.
摘要翻译： 将可熔融加工的含氟共聚物加热熔融后，在非静态条件下，在例如130℃至含氟聚合物的熔点下，将该共聚物在封闭装置中再加热 由此共聚物中的挥发性物质的含量降低至挥发性物质的初始含量的30％以下。 由此，在不使用大型装置的同时，可以有效地降低可熔融加工的含氟共聚物中的一次熔融的挥发性物质的含量，同时避免共聚物与异物的污染。
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公开(公告)号：US06664337B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US10061203
申请日：2002-02-04
IPC分类号： C08F822
CPC分类号： B29B7/002 , B29K2027/12 , C08F8/00 , C08F2800/20 , C08F2810/40 , Y02P70/26 , C08F214/26
摘要： A melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer is melt kneaded with a kneader which has a residence time of at least 10 minutes, a usable volume ratio (usable space in a container/space in a container) of larger than 0.3, and a power factor K of less than 8000, the power factor K being represented by the formula: K=Pv/&mgr;/n2 in which Pv is a power requirement per unit volume (W/m3), &mgr; is a melt viscosity (Pa.s), and n is a rotation speed (rps), to effectively remove terminal groups and bonds in the backbones, which are unstable during melt kneading, from the melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer, and obtain a colorless fluorine-containing polymer.
摘要翻译： 可熔融加工的含氟聚合物与停留时间为至少10分钟，可用体积比（容器中容器中的可用空间/容器中的空间）大于0.3的捏合机和功率因数 K小于8000，功率因数K由以下公式表示：K = Pv / mu / n <2>其中Pv是每单位体积的功率要求（W / m 3），μ是熔体粘度 （Pa.s），n为转速（rps），从熔融混炼时有效地除去在熔融混炼过程中不稳定的骨架中的端基和键合，得到无色的含氟聚合物， 含聚合物。
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公开(公告)号：US06794487B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US10417158
申请日：2003-04-17
IPC分类号： C08F626
CPC分类号： B29B7/002 , B29K2027/12 , C08F8/00 , C08F2800/20 , C08F2810/40 , Y02P70/26 , C08F214/26
摘要： A melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer is melt kneaded with a kneader which has a residence time of at least 10 minutes, a usable volume ratio (usable space in a container/space in a container) of larger than 0.3, and a power factor K of less than 8000, the power factor K being represented by the formula: K=Pv/&mgr;/n2 in which Pv is a power requirement per unit volume (W/m3), &mgr; is a melt viscosity (Pa.s), and n is a rotation speed (rps), to effectively remove terminal groups and bonds in the backbones, which are unstable during melt kneading, from the melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer, and obtain a colorless fluorine-containing polymer.
摘要翻译： 可熔融加工的含氟聚合物与停留时间为至少10分钟，可用体积比（容器中容器中的可用空间/容器中的空间）大于0.3的捏合机和功率因数 K小于8000，功率因数K由以下公式表示：K = Pv / mu / n <2>其中Pv是每单位体积的功率要求（W / m 3），μ是熔体粘度 （Pa.s），n为转速（rps），从熔融混炼时有效地除去在熔融混炼过程中不稳定的骨架中的端基和键合，得到无色的含氟聚合物， 含聚合物。
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公开(公告)号：US06268469B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-31
申请号：US09292855
申请日：1999-04-16
IPC分类号： C08F622
摘要： Coagulated particles having a low water content are separated and recovered from an emulsified dispersion of fluorine-containing polymer particles. A solid-liquid separation method comprising: a step for adding a coagulant in an emulsified dispersion of fluorine-containing polymer particles to coagulate the fluorine-containing polymer particles with stirring and obtain a slurry of coagulated particles, a step for filtrating the slurry, and a step for pressing the obtained cake. It is preferable to continuously carry out the filtration step and pressing step with a filter press or a belt press. Also a washing step may be provided after the filtration step.
摘要翻译： 从含氟聚合物颗粒的乳化分散体中分离并回收具有低含水量的凝聚颗粒。 一种固液分离方法，其特征在于，包括：在含氟聚合物粒子的乳化分散液中添加凝结剂的工序，在搅拌下使含氟聚合物粒子凝结，得到凝固粒子的浆料，过滤浆料的工序， 按压所得到的饼的步骤。 优选通过压滤机或带式压榨机连续地进行过滤步骤和压制步骤。 也可以在过滤步骤之后提供洗涤步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US09240602B2
公开(公告)日：2016-01-19
申请号：US12743911
申请日：2008-11-11
申请人： Hiroyuki Imanishi , Kota Manabe , Tomoya Ogawa
发明人： Hiroyuki Imanishi , Kota Manabe , Tomoya Ogawa
CPC分类号： H01M8/04559 , B60L11/1894 , B60L2240/545 , B60L2240/547 , H01M8/04268 , H01M8/0488 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/34
摘要： Provided is a fuel cell system capable of supplying electric power to external loads without excess or deficiency even when switching occurs between operation states. A warm-up timing judgment part judges whether it is time to operate warm-up based on the temperature of a fuel cell stack. A target shift voltage determination part determines a target output voltage of the fuel cell stack used during a warm-up operation, and a voltage change speed determination part determines a voltage change speed based on electric power required from the fuel cell stack, the target output voltage of the fuel cell stack used during the warm-up operation which is output from the target shift voltage determination part and a current output voltage detected by a voltage sensor. A voltage decrease execution part operates voltage decrease processing according to the voltage change speed indicated by the voltage change speed determination part.
摘要翻译： 提供一种即使在操作状态之间发生切换的情况下也能够向外部负载提供电力而没有过多或不足的燃料电池系统。 预热定时判断部判断是否有时间基于燃料电池堆的温度进行预热。 目标偏移电压确定部分确定在预热操作期间使用的燃料电池堆的目标输出电压，并且电压变化速度确定部分基于从燃料电池堆所需的电力来确定电压变化速度，目标输出 从目标换档电压判定部输出的预热运转中使用的燃料电池堆的电压和由电压传感器检测出的电流输出电压。 电压降低执行部根据电压变化速度决定部所表示的电压变化速度进行电压降低处理。
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公开(公告)号：US09203314B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-01
申请号：US13382773
申请日：2009-07-09
CPC分类号： H02M3/1584 , B60L11/1881 , B60L15/007 , B60L2210/40 , B60L2270/147 , Y02T10/645 , Y02T10/7241 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A driving frequency setting portion is provided. The driving frequency setting portion sets a switching frequency of a switching element on the basis of a notification from a driving phase number switching portion. A ripple current detected by a current sensor is in inverse proportion to inductance of reactor. Since a ripple current becomes the largest in the single-phase driving, in this embodiment, considering both the ripple current and switching loss, a switching frequency for the single-phase driving is set higher than a switching frequency for multiphase driving.
摘要翻译： 提供驱动频率设定部。 驱动频率设定部根据来自驱动相位数切换部的通知设定开关元件的开关频率。 由电流传感器检测到的纹波电流与电抗器的电感成反比。 由于在单相驱动中纹波电流变得最大，因此在本实施方式中，考虑到纹波电流和开关损耗两者，将单相驱动的开关频率设定为高于多相驱动的开关频率。
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公开(公告)号：US08859157B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-14
申请号：US12670849
申请日：2008-07-23
申请人： Kota Manabe , Hiroyuki Imanishi , Tomoya Ogawa
发明人： Kota Manabe , Hiroyuki Imanishi , Tomoya Ogawa
CPC分类号： H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04268 , H01M8/04335 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04388 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04492 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04649 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04873 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/04902 , H01M8/0491 , H01M16/006 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell system includes; a fuel cell which generates electricity by using a fuel gas and an oxidant gas as reaction gases; current control means which controls current of a fuel cell; voltage control means which controls voltage of the fuel cell; and heat value control means which calculates a heat value required by the fuel cell system and decides a target current value of the current control means and a target voltage value of the voltage control means so as to generate the calculated necessary heat amount, thereby controlling the heat value. Thus, it is possible to supply a heat required for the fuel cell system without increasing the size of the fuel cell system.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池系统包括： 通过使用燃料气体和氧化剂气体作为反应气体发电的燃料电池; 电流控制装置，其控制燃料电池的电流; 控制燃料电池的电压的电压控制装置; 以及热值控制装置，其计算燃料电池系统所需的热值，并且确定电流控制装置的目标电流值和电压控制装置的目标电压值，以便产生所计算的必要热量，从而控制 热值。 因此，可以在不增加燃料电池系统的尺寸的情况下提供燃料电池系统所需的热量。
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公开(公告)号：US20140072838A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-13
申请号：US14115206
申请日：2011-05-02
申请人： Hiroyuki Imanishi , Kota Manabe
发明人： Hiroyuki Imanishi , Kota Manabe
IPC分类号： H01M16/00
CPC分类号： H01M16/006 , B60L58/40 , H01M8/0491 , H01M8/04955 , H02J7/34 , H02J2001/004 , Y02T90/34
摘要： The fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell that generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction of fuel gas and oxidation gas; a battery that stores electricity or supplies electricity; and a driving motor that receives electricity for driving. The fuel cell system further includes: a fuel cell electricity supplying path provided between the fuel cell and the driving motor; a battery electricity supplying path extending from the battery and connected to the fuel cell electricity supplying path; and a circuit breaker that is provided closer to the fuel cell than a connecting point of the fuel cell electricity supplying path and the battery electricity supplying path.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池系统包括：通过燃料气体和氧化气体的电化学反应发电的燃料电池; 储存电力或供电的电池; 以及接收用于驾驶的电动机的驱动电动机。 燃料电池系统还包括：设置在燃料电池和驱动电动机之间的燃料电池供电路径; 从电池延伸并连接到燃料电池供电路径的电池供电路径; 以及比燃料电池供电路径和电池供电路径的连接点更靠近燃料电池的断路器。
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