摘要:
An internal combustion engine fuel is produced from a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising olefinic hydrocarbons containing 5 to 8 carbon atoms characterized in that it is produced by a process comprising a) a catalytic etherification step for at least a portion of the etherifiable olefins contained in said hydrocarbon mixture, using at least one alcohol containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the quantity of alcohol employed being such that the alcohol:etherifiable olefin molar ratio is at least 1:1, and b) a water washing step for the ether-containing product before recovery as a fuel.
摘要:
A process for treating a feedstock containing olefins of 6 carbon atoms per molecule, said olefins being either potentially etherifiable or (directly) etherifiable, wherein isomerization of a portion of the potentially etherifiable olefins is accomplished in part in an isomerization zone, in the presence of an isomerization catalyst that makes it possible to obtain an isomerization effluent which comprises in part etherifiable olefins, and in that, in part, etherification is carried out, in the presence of an etherification catalyst and at least one alcohol that has 1 to 4 carbon atoms per molecule, of a portion of etherifiable olefins that are contained in the feedstock, in a first etherification zone, and in part etherification is carried out of a portion of etherifiable olefins that are contained in said isomerization effluent, in a second etherification zone, in the presence of an etherification catalyst and at least one alcohol that has 1 to 4 carbon atoms per molecule, to optimize the production of ethers.
摘要:
The invention concerns a process for the isomerisation of less substituted olefins to more substituted external olefins and/or internal olefins in the absence of diolefins, in the presence of a palladium based catalyst deposited on a support. Before loading it into the reactor, said catalyst is treated with at least one sulphur-containing compound which is dissolved in a solvent then activated in a neutral or reducing atmosphere between 20.degree. C. and 300.degree. C., 1 and 50 bars and with a VVH of 50 to 600 h.sup.-1. The catalyst, containing 0.05% to 10% by weight of sulphur, is brought into contact with the feedstock and hydrogen between 20.degree. C. and 200.degree. C., 1 and 50 bars, a VVH of 0.5 to 10 h.sup.-1 and a H.sub.2 /olefin molar ratio of 0.01 to 1.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a tertiary alkyl ether, in particular methyl tert. amyl ether (MTAE), is described which comprises reacting, in a reaction section, a charge constituted by a mixture of C.sub.5 hydrocarbons, including reactive isopentenes, with an aliphatic monoalcohol in excess, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, and collecting in the bottom of a fractionation section the corresponding pure tert. alkyl ether. The head effluent, after condensation, is subdivided into a liquid reflux and a distillate. The process is further characterized by providing a finishing reactor for the reflux, or for the reflux + distillate effluent prior to the subdivision thereof, or two finishing reactors are provided, one for the reflux and the other for the distillate, along with the possibility of injecting aliphatic monoalcohol upstream of each finishing reactor.
摘要:
A process for producing a tertiary olefin by decomposing a tertiary alkyl ether comprises a) decomposing at least one ether to a product containing an alcohol and a tertiary olefin, b) fractionating at least a portion of the product from a) in a fractionation zone (C1) to obtain the tertiary olefin and the alcohol, c) purifying at least a portion of the tertiary olefin obtained from step b) wherein said portion is sent to a water washing extraction zone (L1) from which a fraction (D) containing the tertiary olefin is recovered, and d) a step in which at least a portion of the fraction (D) from c) is sent to a separation zone (Co) from which a liquid aqueous fraction (Le) and a liquid hydrocarbon fraction (Lc) containing the major portion of the tertiary olefin are recovered.
摘要:
A process for producing a tertiary olefin by decomposing an ether comprises a) decomposing an ether to a product containing an alcohol and a tertiary olefin, b) purifying at least a portion of the product from a) in a water washing extraction zone (L1) to obtain an aqueous fraction (A1) containing the major portion of the alcohol and a fraction (B1) containing the major portion of the tertiary olefin, the fraction (B1) containing the tertiary olefin, water, possibly ether and light compounds and being substantially free of alcohol, and c) in which at least a portion of the fraction (B1) from b) is sent to a separation zone (Co1) from which a liquid aqueous fraction (La1) and a liquid fraction (Lb1) containing the major portion of the tertiary olefin, possibly ether and possibly light compounds, are recovered.
摘要:
For the production of a diene a process in three stages comprises a stage a) for decomposition of at least one tertiary alkyl ether in a mixture that contains at least one tertiary olefin, at least one alcohol and at least one residual ether, in the presence of a catalyst that comprises at least one mineral solid that is grafted by at least one organic group such as alkyl sulfonic acid, sulfonic aryl and/or sulfonic alkylaryl, a stage b) for purification of the olefin that is obtained in stage a), and a stage c) for oxidizing dehydrogenation of the tertiary olefin that is obtained in stage b) in the presence of a catalyst under conditions for obtaining a diene.
摘要:
The invention relates to a distillation and reaction device having a reaction section and a distillation-reaction section. The distillation-reaction section has a distillation zone with at least one device for circulation of the effluent from the reaction section to the distillation zone. Effluent from the reaction section is circulated to the distillation zone. The distillation-reaction section also has at least one distillation-reaction zone having at least one catalyst bed. The distillation-reaction zone is distinct from the distillation zone and provides at least partly the reflux of the distillation zone. The distillation-reaction section can also have at least one complementary reaction zone containing at least one catalyst bed. The invention further relates to a process for preparing at least one aliphatic monoalcohol, generally in excess, and at least one olefin.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparing at least one aliphatic monoalcohol, generally in excess, and at least one olefin. The process is performed in a distillation and reaction device having a reaction section and a distillation-reaction section. The distillation-reaction section has a distillation zone with at least one means for circulation of the effluent from the reaction section to the distillation zone. Effluent from the reaction section is circulated to the distillation zone. The distillation-reaction section also has at least one distillation-reaction zone having at least one catalyst bed. The distillation-reaction zone is distinct from the distillation zone and provides at least partly the reflux of the distillation zone. The distillation-reaction section can also have at least one complementary reaction zone containing at least one catalyst bed.
摘要:
A process for producing an alpha olefin, a tertiary olefin or a tertiary alkyl ether from an unsaturated hydrocarbon cut containing at least one alpha olefin and at least one etherifiable tertiary olefin comprises synthesising at least one tertiary alkyl ether to obtain a product which is separated into a fraction (O1) which is depleted in ether and containing the alpha olefin and a fraction (E1) which is enriched in ether, followed by decomposition of at least a portion of the ether in fraction (E1) into a product (P1) containing at least one alcohol and at least one tertiary olefin, which is fractionated in a fractionation zone (C5) into a fraction (B1) containing the major portion of the tertiary olefin and a fraction (A1) containing the major portion of the alcohol.